Time Series Forecasting

Time Series Forecasting is the task of fitting a model to historical, time-stamped data in order to predict future values. Traditional approaches include moving average, exponential smoothing, and ARIMA, though models as various as RNNs, Transformers, or XGBoost can also be applied. The most popular benchmark is the ETTh1 dataset. Models are typically evaluated using the Mean Square Error (MSE) or Root Mean Square Error (RMSE).

( Image credit: ThaiBinh Nguyen )

Papers

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Showing 1326–1350 of 1609 papers

Title	Date	Tasks	Status
Improving the Decision-Making Process of Self-Adaptive Systems by Accounting for Tactic Volatility	Apr 23, 2020	Decision MakingTime Series	—Unverified
Improving the Transferability of Time Series Forecasting with Decomposition Adaptation	Jun 30, 2023	Multivariate Time Series ForecastingTime Series	—Unverified
Improving Time Series Forecasting via Instance-aware Post-hoc Revision	May 29, 2025	Time SeriesTime Series Forecasting	—Unverified
IMTS-Mixer: Mixer-Networks for Irregular Multivariate Time Series Forecasting	Feb 17, 2025	Computational EfficiencyMissing Values	—Unverified
In-context Time Series Predictor	May 23, 2024	In-Context LearningTime Series	—Unverified
Increasing Server Availability for Overall System Security: A Preventive Maintenance Approach Based on Failure Prediction	Jan 21, 2014	ManagementTime Series	—Unverified
Industrial Forecasting with Exponentially Smoothed Recurrent Neural Networks	Apr 9, 2020	Load ForecastingTime Series	—Unverified
Infomaxformer: Maximum Entropy Transformer for Long Time-Series Forecasting Problem	Jan 4, 2023	DecoderTime Series	—Unverified
Informed Forecasting: Leveraging Auxiliary Knowledge to Boost LLM Performance on Time Series Forecasting	May 15, 2025	Time SeriesTime Series Forecasting	—Unverified
InjectTST: A Transformer Method of Injecting Global Information into Independent Channels for Long Time Series Forecasting	Mar 5, 2024	Time SeriesTime Series Forecasting	—Unverified
In Search of Deep Learning Architectures for Load Forecasting: A Comparative Analysis and the Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Model Performance	Feb 25, 2023	Load ForecastingOut-of-Distribution Generalization	—Unverified
Integer-only Quantized Transformers for Embedded FPGA-based Time-series Forecasting in AIoT	Jul 6, 2024	QuantizationTime Series	—Unverified
Integration of Mamba and Transformer -- MAT for Long-Short Range Time Series Forecasting with Application to Weather Dynamics	Sep 13, 2024	Computational EfficiencyMamba	—Unverified
Interpretable Deep Learning for Forecasting Online Advertising Costs: Insights from the Competitive Bidding Landscape	Feb 11, 2023	ClusteringFeature Importance	—Unverified
Interpretable Vital Sign Forecasting with Model Agnostic Attention Maps	May 2, 2024	Decision MakingDeep Learning	—Unverified
Inter-Series Transformer: Attending to Products in Time Series Forecasting	Aug 7, 2024	Demand ForecastingTime Series	—Unverified
Exploring the Role of Token in Transformer-based Time Series Forecasting	Apr 16, 2024	Time SeriesTime Series Forecasting	—Unverified
Introducing Randomized High Order Fuzzy Cognitive Maps as Reservoir Computing Models: A Case Study in Solar Energy and Load Forecasting	Jan 6, 2022	Load ForecastingTime Series	—Unverified
Is Channel Independent strategy optimal for Time Series Forecasting?	Oct 18, 2023	ClusteringTime Series	—Unverified
Is Precise Recovery Necessary? A Task-Oriented Imputation Approach for Time Series Forecasting on Variable Subset	Nov 15, 2024	Feature EngineeringImputation	—Unverified
Ister: Inverted Seasonal-Trend Decomposition Transformer for Explainable Multivariate Time Series Forecasting	Dec 25, 2024	Computational EfficiencyMultivariate Time Series Forecasting	—Unverified
iTFKAN: Interpretable Time Series Forecasting with Kolmogorov-Arnold Network	Apr 23, 2025	Time SeriesTime Series Forecasting	—Unverified
It is all Connected: A New Graph Formulation for Spatio-Temporal Forecasting	Mar 23, 2023	AllGraph Neural Network	—Unverified
Joint Modeling of Local and Global Temporal Dynamics for Multivariate Time Series Forecasting with Missing Values	Nov 22, 2019	Missing ValuesMultivariate Time Series Forecasting	—Unverified
Joint Neural Architecture and Hyperparameter Search for Correlated Time Series Forecasting	Nov 29, 2022	Correlated Time Series ForecastingTime Series	—Unverified

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All datasets ETTh1 (336) Multivariate ETTh1 (720) Multivariate ETTh2 (336) Multivariate ETTh2 (720) Multivariate ETTh1 (192) Multivariate ETTh2 (192) Multivariate ETTh2 (96) Multivariate ETTh1 (96) Multivariate Weather (192)ETTh1 (720) Univariate Weather (96)Electricity (96)

Benchmark Results

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Informer	MSE	0.88	—	Unverified
2	QuerySelector	MSE	0.85	—	Unverified
3	Transformer	MSE	0.83	—	Unverified
4	Aaren	MSE	0.65	—	Unverified
5	RPMixer	MSE	0.52	—	Unverified
6	MOIRAILarge	MSE	0.51	—	Unverified
7	ATFNet	MSE	0.51	—	Unverified
8	Autoformer	MSE	0.51	—	Unverified
9	SCINet	MSE	0.5	—	Unverified
10	S-Mamba	MSE	0.49	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	QuerySelector	MSE	1.12	—	Unverified
2	Transformer	MSE	1.11	—	Unverified
3	Informer	MSE	0.94	—	Unverified
4	GLinear	MSE	0.59	—	Unverified
5	SCINet	MSE	0.54	—	Unverified
6	MoLE-DLinear	MSE	0.51	—	Unverified
7	PRformer	MSE	0.49	—	Unverified
8	TEFN	MSE	0.48	—	Unverified
9	DLinear	MSE	0.47	—	Unverified
10	FiLM	MSE	0.47	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Transformer	MSE	2.66	—	Unverified
2	QuerySelector	MSE	2.32	—	Unverified
3	Informer	MSE	1.67	—	Unverified
4	DLinear	MSE	0.45	—	Unverified
5	TEFN	MSE	0.42	—	Unverified
6	MoLE-DLinear	MSE	0.42	—	Unverified
7	FiLM	MSE	0.38	—	Unverified
8	MoLE-RLinear	MSE	0.37	—	Unverified
9	SCINet	MSE	0.37	—	Unverified
10	PRformer	MSE	0.36	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Transformer	MSE	3.18	—	Unverified
2	QuerySelector	MSE	3.07	—	Unverified
3	Informer	MSE	2.34	—	Unverified
4	MoLE-DLinear	MSE	0.61	—	Unverified
5	DLinear	MSE	0.61	—	Unverified
6	SCINet	MSE	0.48	—	Unverified
7	FiLM	MSE	0.44	—	Unverified
8	TEFN	MSE	0.43	—	Unverified
9	TiDE	MSE	0.42	—	Unverified
10	MoLE-RLinear	MSE	0.41	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	MoLE-DLinear	MSE	0.45	—	Unverified
2	TEFN	MSE	0.43	—	Unverified
3	FiLM	MSE	0.41	—	Unverified
4	PatchTST/64	MSE	0.41	—	Unverified
5	TiDE	MSE	0.41	—	Unverified
6	NLinear	MSE	0.41	—	Unverified
7	DiPE-Linear	MSE	0.41	—	Unverified
8	DLinear	MSE	0.41	—	Unverified
9	RLinear	MSE	0.4	—	Unverified
10	MoLE-RLinear	MSE	0.4	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	DLinear	MSE	0.38	—	Unverified
2	TEFN	MSE	0.38	—	Unverified
3	MoLE-DLinear	MSE	0.36	—	Unverified
4	FiLM	MSE	0.36	—	Unverified
5	NLinear	MSE	0.34	—	Unverified
6	PatchTST/64	MSE	0.34	—	Unverified
7	MoLE-RLinear	MSE	0.34	—	Unverified
8	LTBoost (drop_last=false)	MSE	0.33	—	Unverified
9	PRformer	MSE	0.33	—	Unverified
10	TiDE	MSE	0.33	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	DLinear	MSE	0.29	—	Unverified
2	TEFN	MSE	0.29	—	Unverified
3	MoLE-DLinear	MSE	0.29	—	Unverified
4	FiLM	MSE	0.28	—	Unverified
5	NLinear	MSE	0.28	—	Unverified
6	TSMixer	MSE	0.28	—	Unverified
7	DiPE-Linear	MSE	0.28	—	Unverified
8	PatchTST/64	MSE	0.27	—	Unverified
9	MoLE-RLinear	MSE	0.27	—	Unverified
10	TiDE	MSE	0.27	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	TEFN	MSE	0.38	—	Unverified
2	MoLE-DLinear	MSE	0.38	—	Unverified
3	MoLE-RLinear	MSE	0.38	—	Unverified
4	TiDE	MSE	0.38	—	Unverified
5	FiLM	MSE	0.37	—	Unverified
6	PatchTST/64	MSE	0.37	—	Unverified
7	DiPE-Linear	MSE	0.37	—	Unverified
8	TSMixer	MSE	0.37	—	Unverified
9	RLinear	MSE	0.37	—	Unverified
10	TTM	MSE	0.36	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	TEFN	MSE	0.23	—	Unverified
2	DLinear	MSE	0.22	—	Unverified