Time Series Forecasting

Time Series Forecasting is the task of fitting a model to historical, time-stamped data in order to predict future values. Traditional approaches include moving average, exponential smoothing, and ARIMA, though models as various as RNNs, Transformers, or XGBoost can also be applied. The most popular benchmark is the ETTh1 dataset. Models are typically evaluated using the Mean Square Error (MSE) or Root Mean Square Error (RMSE).

( Image credit: ThaiBinh Nguyen )

Papers

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Showing 1201–1225 of 1609 papers

Title	Date	Tasks	Status
Error-feedback stochastic modeling strategy for time series forecasting with convolutional neural networks	Feb 3, 2020	Time SeriesTime Series Analysis	—Unverified
Evaluating Temporal Plasticity in Foundation Time Series Models for Incremental Fine-tuning	Apr 20, 2025	Continual LearningIncremental Learning	—Unverified
Evaluation of Local Explanation Methods for Multivariate Time Series Forecasting	Sep 18, 2020	BIG-bench Machine LearningMultivariate Time Series Forecasting	—Unverified
Evaluation of Time Series Forecasting Models for Estimation of PM2.5 Levels in Air	Apr 7, 2021	Deep LearningTime Series	—Unverified
Towards Automatic Forecasting: Evaluation of Time-Series Forecasting Models for Chickenpox Cases Estimation in Hungary	Sep 28, 2022	Time SeriesTime Series Analysis	—Unverified
EvoSTS Forecasting: Evolutionary Sparse Time-Series Forecasting	Apr 14, 2022	Time SeriesTime Series Analysis	—Unverified
Examining the Impact of Income Inequality and Gender on School Completion in Malaysia: A Machine Learning Approach Utilizing Malaysia's Public Sector Open Data	Jan 31, 2025	Time SeriesTime Series Forecasting	—Unverified
Expanding the Prediction Capacity in Long Sequence Time-Series Forecasting	May 1, 2023	DecoderTime Series	—Unverified
Expert Aggregation for Financial Forecasting	Nov 25, 2021	BIG-bench Machine LearningMixture-of-Experts	—Unverified
Explainable Adaptive Tree-based Model Selection for Time Series Forecasting	Jan 2, 2024	Decision MakingDrift Detection	—Unverified
Explainable boosted linear regression for time series forecasting	Sep 18, 2020	Decision MakingPrediction Intervals	—Unverified
Explaining the Success of Nearest Neighbor Methods in Prediction	Feb 21, 2025	Predictionregression	—Unverified
Exploring Patterns Behind Sports	Feb 11, 2025	Computational EfficiencyFeature Engineering	—Unverified
FAF: A Feature-Adaptive Framework for Few-Shot Time Series Forecasting	Jun 24, 2025	Meta-LearningTime Series	—Unverified
Fairness Hub Technical Briefs: Definition and Detection of Distribution Shift	May 23, 2024	FairnessTime Series	—Unverified
Fairness in Forecasting and Learning Linear Dynamical Systems	Jun 12, 2020	FairnessTime Series	—Unverified
FAS-LLM: Large Language Model-Based Channel Prediction for OTFS-Enabled Satellite-FAS Links	May 14, 2025	Language ModelingLanguage Modelling	—Unverified
Faster than LASER -- Towards Stream Reasoning with Deep Neural Networks	Jun 15, 2021	Time SeriesTime Series Analysis	—Unverified
Feature Optimization for Time Series Forecasting via Novel Randomized Uphill Climbing	May 2, 2025	GPUMultivariate Time Series Forecasting	—Unverified
Feature Selection with Annealing for Forecasting Financial Time Series	Mar 3, 2023	feature selectionregression	—Unverified
Few-shot Learning for Time-series Forecasting	Sep 30, 2020	Few-Shot LearningTime Series	—Unverified
Filtered not Mixed: Stochastic Filtering-Based Online Gating for Mixture of Large Language Models	Jun 5, 2024	Mixture-of-ExpertsTime Series	—Unverified
Financial Time-Series Forecasting: Towards Synergizing Performance And Interpretability Within a Hybrid Machine Learning Approach	Dec 31, 2023	Hybrid Machine LearningTime Series	—Unverified
Financial Time Series Forecasting using CNN and Transformer	Apr 11, 2023	Decision MakingTime Series	—Unverified
Financial Time Series Forecasting with Deep Learning : A Systematic Literature Review: 2005-2019	Nov 29, 2019	Systematic Literature ReviewTime Series	—Unverified

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All datasets ETTh1 (336) Multivariate ETTh1 (720) Multivariate ETTh2 (336) Multivariate ETTh2 (720) Multivariate ETTh1 (192) Multivariate ETTh2 (192) Multivariate ETTh2 (96) Multivariate ETTh1 (96) Multivariate Weather (192)ETTh1 (720) Univariate Weather (96)Electricity (96)

Benchmark Results

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Informer	MSE	0.88	—	Unverified
2	QuerySelector	MSE	0.85	—	Unverified
3	Transformer	MSE	0.83	—	Unverified
4	Aaren	MSE	0.65	—	Unverified
5	RPMixer	MSE	0.52	—	Unverified
6	MOIRAILarge	MSE	0.51	—	Unverified
7	ATFNet	MSE	0.51	—	Unverified
8	Autoformer	MSE	0.51	—	Unverified
9	SCINet	MSE	0.5	—	Unverified
10	S-Mamba	MSE	0.49	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	QuerySelector	MSE	1.12	—	Unverified
2	Transformer	MSE	1.11	—	Unverified
3	Informer	MSE	0.94	—	Unverified
4	GLinear	MSE	0.59	—	Unverified
5	SCINet	MSE	0.54	—	Unverified
6	MoLE-DLinear	MSE	0.51	—	Unverified
7	PRformer	MSE	0.49	—	Unverified
8	TEFN	MSE	0.48	—	Unverified
9	DLinear	MSE	0.47	—	Unverified
10	FiLM	MSE	0.47	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Transformer	MSE	2.66	—	Unverified
2	QuerySelector	MSE	2.32	—	Unverified
3	Informer	MSE	1.67	—	Unverified
4	DLinear	MSE	0.45	—	Unverified
5	TEFN	MSE	0.42	—	Unverified
6	MoLE-DLinear	MSE	0.42	—	Unverified
7	FiLM	MSE	0.38	—	Unverified
8	MoLE-RLinear	MSE	0.37	—	Unverified
9	SCINet	MSE	0.37	—	Unverified
10	PRformer	MSE	0.36	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Transformer	MSE	3.18	—	Unverified
2	QuerySelector	MSE	3.07	—	Unverified
3	Informer	MSE	2.34	—	Unverified
4	DLinear	MSE	0.61	—	Unverified
5	MoLE-DLinear	MSE	0.61	—	Unverified
6	SCINet	MSE	0.48	—	Unverified
7	FiLM	MSE	0.44	—	Unverified
8	TEFN	MSE	0.43	—	Unverified
9	TiDE	MSE	0.42	—	Unverified
10	MoLE-RLinear	MSE	0.41	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	MoLE-DLinear	MSE	0.45	—	Unverified
2	TEFN	MSE	0.43	—	Unverified
3	FiLM	MSE	0.41	—	Unverified
4	PatchTST/64	MSE	0.41	—	Unverified
5	TiDE	MSE	0.41	—	Unverified
6	NLinear	MSE	0.41	—	Unverified
7	DiPE-Linear	MSE	0.41	—	Unverified
8	DLinear	MSE	0.41	—	Unverified
9	RLinear	MSE	0.4	—	Unverified
10	MoLE-RLinear	MSE	0.4	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	DLinear	MSE	0.38	—	Unverified
2	TEFN	MSE	0.38	—	Unverified
3	MoLE-DLinear	MSE	0.36	—	Unverified
4	FiLM	MSE	0.36	—	Unverified
5	NLinear	MSE	0.34	—	Unverified
6	PatchTST/64	MSE	0.34	—	Unverified
7	MoLE-RLinear	MSE	0.34	—	Unverified
8	TiDE	MSE	0.33	—	Unverified
9	LTBoost (drop_last=false)	MSE	0.33	—	Unverified
10	PRformer	MSE	0.33	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	DLinear	MSE	0.29	—	Unverified
2	TEFN	MSE	0.29	—	Unverified
3	MoLE-DLinear	MSE	0.29	—	Unverified
4	FiLM	MSE	0.28	—	Unverified
5	NLinear	MSE	0.28	—	Unverified
6	TSMixer	MSE	0.28	—	Unverified
7	DiPE-Linear	MSE	0.28	—	Unverified
8	PatchTST/64	MSE	0.27	—	Unverified
9	MoLE-RLinear	MSE	0.27	—	Unverified
10	TiDE	MSE	0.27	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	TEFN	MSE	0.38	—	Unverified
2	MoLE-DLinear	MSE	0.38	—	Unverified
3	TiDE	MSE	0.38	—	Unverified
4	MoLE-RLinear	MSE	0.38	—	Unverified
5	FiLM	MSE	0.37	—	Unverified
6	PatchTST/64	MSE	0.37	—	Unverified
7	DiPE-Linear	MSE	0.37	—	Unverified
8	TSMixer	MSE	0.37	—	Unverified
9	RLinear	MSE	0.37	—	Unverified
10	TTM	MSE	0.36	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	TEFN	MSE	0.23	—	Unverified
2	DLinear	MSE	0.22	—	Unverified