Semi-Supervised Image Classification

Semi-supervised image classification leverages unlabelled data as well as labelled data to increase classification performance.

You may want to read some blog posts to get an overview before reading the papers and checking the leaderboards:

An overview of proxy-label approaches for semi-supervised learning - Sebastian Ruder
Semi-Supervised Learning in Computer Vision - Amit Chaudhary

( Image credit: Self-Supervised Semi-Supervised Learning )

Papers

Recently Added Most Hyped Most Active Needs Verification Most Verified

Showing 126–150 of 167 papers

Title	Date	Tasks	Status
SequenceMatch: Revisiting the design of weak-strong augmentations for Semi-supervised learning	Oct 24, 2023	Semi-Supervised Image ClassificationSemi-Supervised Image Classification on ImageNet - 10% labeled data	CodeCode Available
One Shot Model For The Prediction of COVID-19 and Lesions Segmentation In Chest CT Scans Through The Affinity Among Lesion Mask Features	Jan 4, 2021	COVID-19 DiagnosisInstance Segmentation	CodeCode Available
SESS: Self-Ensembling Semi-Supervised 3D Object Detection	Dec 26, 2019	3D Object Detectionimage-classification	CodeCode Available
Online Semi-Supervised Learning in Contextual Bandits with Episodic Reward	Sep 17, 2020	ClusteringDecision Making	CodeCode Available
ViTSGMM: A Robust Semi-Supervised Image Recognition Network Using Sparse Labels	Jun 4, 2025	Semi-Supervised Image Classification	CodeCode Available
SimMatch: Semi-supervised Learning with Similarity Matching	Mar 14, 2022	Semantic SimilaritySemantic Textual Similarity	CodeCode Available
Pushing the limits of self-supervised ResNets: Can we outperform supervised learning without labels on ImageNet?	Jan 13, 2022	image-classificationImage Classification	CodeCode Available
RDA: Reciprocal Distribution Alignment for Robust Semi-supervised Learning	Aug 9, 2022	Semi-Supervised Image Classification	CodeCode Available
RealMix: Towards Realistic Semi-Supervised Deep Learning Algorithms	Dec 18, 2019	Deep LearningSemi-Supervised Image Classification	CodeCode Available
RelationMatch: Matching In-batch Relationships for Semi-supervised Learning	May 17, 2023	Semi-Supervised Image Classification	CodeCode Available
Repetitive Reprediction Deep Decipher for Semi-Supervised Learning	Aug 9, 2019	Semi-Supervised Image Classification	CodeCode Available
Simple Semi-supervised Knowledge Distillation from Vision-Language Models via Dual-Head Optimization	May 12, 2025	Few-Shot Image ClassificationKnowledge Distillation	CodeCode Available
S4L: Self-Supervised Semi-Supervised Learning	May 9, 2019	General Classificationimage-classification	CodeCode Available
Stacked What-Where Auto-encoders	Jun 8, 2015	DecoderImage Classification	CodeCode Available
Boosting the Performance of Semi-Supervised Learning with Unsupervised Clustering	Dec 1, 2020	ClusteringSemi-Supervised Image Classification	CodeCode Available
Scaling Up Semi-supervised Learning with Unconstrained Unlabelled Data	Jun 2, 2023	Image ClassificationNetwork Pruning	CodeCode Available
CapsuleGAN: Generative Adversarial Capsule Network	Feb 17, 2018	General ClassificationGenerative Adversarial Network	CodeCode Available
Data-Efficient Image Recognition with Contrastive Predictive Coding	May 22, 2019	Contrastive LearningGeneral Classification	CodeCode Available
Structured Generative Adversarial Networks	Nov 2, 2017	image-classificationImage Classification	CodeCode Available
Deep Reference Priors: What is the best way to pretrain a model?	Feb 1, 2022	image-classificationSemi-Supervised Image Classification	CodeCode Available
DoubleMatch: Improving Semi-Supervised Learning with Self-Supervision	May 11, 2022	Semi-Supervised Image Classification	CodeCode Available
Dual Student: Breaking the Limits of the Teacher in Semi-supervised Learning	Sep 3, 2019	Semi-Supervised Image ClassificationUnsupervised Domain Adaptation	CodeCode Available
EnAET: A Self-Trained framework for Semi-Supervised and Supervised Learning with Ensemble Transformations	Nov 21, 2019	Image ClassificationSemi-Supervised Image Classification	CodeCode Available
Deep Sparse Representation-based Classification	Apr 24, 2019	ClassificationDecoder	CodeCode Available
Global-Local Regularization Via Distributional Robustness	Mar 1, 2022	Adversarial RobustnessDomain Adaptation	CodeCode Available

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All datasets ImageNet - 10% labeled data ImageNet - 1% labeled data CIFAR-10, 4000 Labels cifar-100, 10000 Labels CIFAR-10, 250 Labels SVHN, 1000 labels SVHN, 250 Labels CIFAR-10, 40 Labels CIFAR-100, 400 Labels CIFAR-10, 1000 Labels CIFAR-100, 2500 Labels STL-10, 1000 Labels

Benchmark Results

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	SimCLR (ResNet-50 4×)	Top 5 Accuracy	92.6	—	Unverified
2	Rotation + VAT + Ent. Min.	Top 5 Accuracy	91.23	—	Unverified
3	SimCLR (ResNet-50 2×)	Top 5 Accuracy	91.2	—	Unverified
4	Mean Teacher (ResNeXt-152)	Top 5 Accuracy	90.89	—	Unverified
5	OBoW (ResNet-50)	Top 5 Accuracy	90.7	—	Unverified
6	R2-D2 (ResNet-18)	Top 5 Accuracy	90.48	—	Unverified
7	FixMatch	Top 5 Accuracy	89.13	—	Unverified
8	UDA	Top 5 Accuracy	88.52	—	Unverified
9	SimCLR (ResNet-50)	Top 5 Accuracy	87.8	—	Unverified
10	DHO (ViT-Large)	Top 1 Accuracy	85.9	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	DHO (ViT-Large)	Top 1 Accuracy	84.6	—	Unverified
2	OBoW (ResNet-50)	Top 5 Accuracy	82.9	—	Unverified
3	DHO (ViT-Base)	Top 1 Accuracy	81.6	—	Unverified
4	REACT (ViT-Large)	Top 1 Accuracy	81.6	—	Unverified
5	Meta Co-Training	Top 1 Accuracy	80.7	—	Unverified
6	Semi-SST (ViT-Huge)	Top 1 Accuracy	80.7	—	Unverified
7	Super-SST (ViT-Huge)	Top 1 Accuracy	80.3	—	Unverified
8	Semi-ViT (ViT-Huge)	Top 1 Accuracy	80	—	Unverified
9	Semi-ViT (ViT-Large)	Top 1 Accuracy	77.3	—	Unverified
10	Super-SST (ViT-Small distilled)	Top 1 Accuracy	76.9	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Γ-model	Percentage error	20.4	—	Unverified
2	GAN	Percentage error	15.59	—	Unverified
3	Bad GAN	Percentage error	14.41	—	Unverified
4	Triple-GAN-V2 (CNN-13, no aug)	Percentage error	12.41	—	Unverified
5	Pi Model	Percentage error	12.16	—	Unverified
6	SESEMI SSL (ConvNet)	Percentage error	11.65	—	Unverified
7	VAT	Percentage error	11.36	—	Unverified
8	GLOT-DR	Percentage error	10.6	—	Unverified
9	VAT+EntMin	Percentage error	10.55	—	Unverified
10	Triple-GAN-V2 (CNN-13)	Percentage error	10.01	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Ⅱ-Model	Percentage error	39.19	—	Unverified
2	SESEMI SSL (ConvNet)	Percentage error	38.7	—	Unverified
3	Temporal ensembling	Percentage error	38.65	—	Unverified
4	R2-D2 (CNN-13)	Percentage error	32.87	—	Unverified
5	Dual Student (480)	Percentage error	32.77	—	Unverified
6	UPS (CNN-13)	Percentage error	32	—	Unverified
7	SHOT-VAE	Percentage error	25.3	—	Unverified
8	LiDAM	Percentage error	23.22	—	Unverified
9	EnAET (WRN-28-2-Large)	Percentage error	22.92	—	Unverified
10	FixMatch (RA, WRN-28-8)	Percentage error	22.6	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Ⅱ-Model	Percentage error	53.12	—	Unverified
2	MixUp	Percentage error	47.43	—	Unverified
3	MeanTeacher	Percentage error	47.32	—	Unverified
4	VAT	Percentage error	36.03	—	Unverified
5	LiDAM	Percentage error	19.17	—	Unverified
6	MixMatch	Percentage error	11.08	—	Unverified
7	RealMix	Percentage error	9.79	—	Unverified
8	EnAET	Percentage error	7.6	—	Unverified
9	ReMixMatch	Percentage error	6.27	—	Unverified
10	FixMatch+CR	Percentage error	5.04	—	Unverified