Named Entity Recognition (NER)

Named Entity Recognition (NER) is a task of Natural Language Processing (NLP) that involves identifying and classifying named entities in a text into predefined categories such as person names, organizations, locations, and others. The goal of NER is to extract structured information from unstructured text data and represent it in a machine-readable format. Approaches typically use BIO notation, which differentiates the beginning (B) and the inside (I) of entities. O is used for non-entity tokens.

Example:

| Mark | Watney | visited | Mars | | --- | ---| --- | --- | | B-PER | I-PER | O | B-LOC |

( Image credit: Zalando )

Papers

Recently Added Most Hyped Most Active Needs Verification Most Verified

Showing 2001–2025 of 2874 papers

Title	Date	Tasks	Status
A dynamic programming algorithm for span-based nested named-entity recognition in O(n^2)	Oct 10, 2022	named-entity-recognitionNamed Entity Recognition	—Unverified
A Feature-based Ensemble Approach to Recognition of Emerging and Rare Named Entities	Sep 1, 2017	Entity Extraction using GANnamed-entity-recognition	—Unverified
A fine-grained corpus annotation schema of German nephrology records	Dec 1, 2016	BIG-bench Machine LearningNamed Entity Recognition (NER)	—Unverified
A Framework for Developing and Evaluating Word Embeddings of Drug-named Entity	Jul 1, 2018	Named Entity Recognition (NER)Outlier Detection	—Unverified
A Framework for Procedural Text Understanding	Jul 1, 2015	Named Entity Recognition (NER)Procedural Text Understanding	—Unverified
A French Corpus and Annotation Schema for Named Entity Recognition and Relation Extraction of Financial News	May 1, 2020	Articlesnamed-entity-recognition	—Unverified
A Gazetteer and Georeferencing for Historical English Documents	Apr 1, 2014	Named Entity Recognition (NER)	—Unverified
A General-Purpose Annotation Model for Knowledge Discovery: Case Study in Spanish Clinical Text	Jun 1, 2019	named-entity-recognitionNamed Entity Recognition	—Unverified
A German Corpus for Fine-Grained Named Entity Recognition and Relation Extraction of Traffic and Industry Events	Apr 7, 2020	Managementnamed-entity-recognition	—Unverified
Aggregated Semantic Matching for Short Text Entity Linking	Oct 1, 2018	Card GamesEntity Linking	—Unverified
Aggregating User-Centric and Post-Centric Sentiments from Social Media for Topical Stance Prediction	Oct 1, 2021	named-entity-recognitionNamed Entity Recognition	—Unverified
A Graph-based Text Similarity Measure That Employs Named Entity Information	Sep 1, 2017	Clusteringnamed-entity-recognition	—Unverified
A Hassle-Free Machine Learning Method for Cohort Selection of Clinical Trials	Aug 10, 2018	BIG-bench Machine LearningClinical Knowledge	—Unverified
A Hybrid Approach to Features Representation for Fine-grained Arabic Named Entity Recognition	Aug 1, 2014	named-entity-recognitionNamed Entity Recognition	—Unverified
A Hybrid Approach to Finding Phenotype Candidates in Genetic Texts	Dec 1, 2012	Named Entity Recognition (NER)	—Unverified
A hybrid deep-learning approach for complex biochemical named entity recognition	Dec 20, 2020	AttributeAttribute Extraction	—Unverified
A Hybrid Statistical Approach for Named Entity Recognition for Malayalam Language	Oct 1, 2013	named-entity-recognitionNamed Entity Recognition	—Unverified
A Hybrid Stepwise Approach for De-identifying Person Names in Clinical Documents	Jun 1, 2012	Named Entity Recognition (NER)	—Unverified
AI-assisted Knowledge Discovery in Biomedical Literature to Support Decision-making in Precision Oncology	Dec 12, 2024	Decision Makingnamed-entity-recognition	—Unverified
AI-KU at SemEval-2016 Task 11: Word Embeddings and Substring Features for Complex Word Identification	Jun 1, 2016	Complex Word IdentificationDocument Classification	—Unverified
A New Multifractal-based Deep Learning Model for Text Mining	Nov 27, 2021	Chinese Named Entity RecognitionDeep Learning	—Unverified
A Japanese Chess Commentary Corpus	May 1, 2016	named-entity-recognitionNamed Entity Recognition	—Unverified
A Joint Chinese Named Entity Recognition and Disambiguation System	Dec 1, 2012	Chinese Named Entity RecognitionEntity Linking	—Unverified
A Joint Model for Entity Analysis: Coreference, Typing, and Linking	Jan 1, 2014	Clusteringcoreference-resolution	—Unverified
A Joint Named Entity Recognition and Entity Linking System	Apr 1, 2012	Entity Linkingnamed-entity-recognition	—Unverified

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All datasets CoNLL 2003 (English)Ontonotes v5 (English)NCBI Disease WNUT 2017 ACE 2005 JNLPBA BC5CDR GENIA BC2GM BC5CDR-chemical SLUE CoNLL++

Benchmark Results

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	ACE + document-context	F1	94.6	—	Unverified
2	LUKE 483M	F1	94.3	—	Unverified
3	Co-regularized LUKE	F1	94.22	—	Unverified
4	LUKE + SubRegWeigh (K-means)	F1	94.2	—	Unverified
5	ASP+T5-3B	F1	94.1	—	Unverified
6	FLERT XLM-R	F1	94.09	—	Unverified
7	PL-Marker	F1	94	—	Unverified
8	CL-KL	F1	93.85	—	Unverified
9	XLNet-GCN	F1	93.82	—	Unverified
10	RoBERTa + SubRegWeigh (K-means)	F1	93.81	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	BERT-MRC+DSC	F1	92.07	—	Unverified
2	PL-Marker	F1	91.9	—	Unverified
3	Baseline + BS	F1	91.74	—	Unverified
4	Biaffine-NER	F1	91.3	—	Unverified
5	BERT-MRC	F1	91.11	—	Unverified
6	PIQN	F1	90.96	—	Unverified
7	HGN	F1	90.92	—	Unverified
8	Syn-LSTM + BERT (wo doc-context)	F1	90.85	—	Unverified
9	DiffusionNER	F1	90.66	—	Unverified
10	W2NER	F1	90.5	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	BioBERT	F1	89.71	—	Unverified
2	SpanModel + SequenceLabelingModel	F1	89.6	—	Unverified
3	SciFive-Base	F1	89.39	—	Unverified
4	Spark NLP	F1	89.13	—	Unverified
5	BLSTM-CNN-Char (SparkNLP)	F1	89.13	—	Unverified
6	KeBioLM	F1	89.1	—	Unverified
7	CL-KL	F1	88.96	—	Unverified
8	BioKMNER + BioBERT	F1	88.77	—	Unverified
9	BioLinkBERT (large)	F1	88.76	—	Unverified
10	CompactBioBERT	F1	88.67	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	CL-KL	F1	60.45	—	Unverified
2	RoBERTa + SubRegWeigh (K-means)	F1	60.29	—	Unverified
3	BERT-CRF (Replicated in AdaSeq)	F1	59.69	—	Unverified
4	RoBERTa-BiLSTM-context	F1	59.61	—	Unverified
5	BERT + RegLER	F1	58.9	—	Unverified
6	TNER -xlm-r-large	F1	58.5	—	Unverified
7	HGN	F1	57.41	—	Unverified
8	ASA + RoBERTa	F1	57.3	—	Unverified
9	BERTweet	F1	56.5	—	Unverified
10	MINER	F1	54.86	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Ours: cross-sentence ALB	F1	90.9	—	Unverified
2	GoLLIE	F1	89.6	—	Unverified
3	PromptNER [RoBERTa-large]	F1	88.26	—	Unverified
4	PIQN	F1	87.42	—	Unverified
5	PromptNER [BERT-large]	F1	87.21	—	Unverified
6	DiffusionNER	F1	86.93	—	Unverified
7	BERT-MRC	F1	86.88	—	Unverified
8	UniNER-7B	F1	86.69	—	Unverified
9	Locate and Label	F1	86.67	—	Unverified
10	BoningKnife	F1	85.46	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	KeBioLM	F1	82	—	Unverified
2	BLSTM-CNN-Char (SparkNLP)	F1	81.29	—	Unverified
3	Spark NLP	F1	81.29	—	Unverified
4	BINDER	F1	80.3	—	Unverified
5	BioMobileBERT	F1	80.13	—	Unverified
6	BioLinkBERT (large)	F1	80.06	—	Unverified
7	DistilBioBERT	F1	79.97	—	Unverified
8	CompactBioBERT	F1	79.88	—	Unverified
9	BioDistilBERT	F1	79.1	—	Unverified
10	PubMedBERT uncased	F1	79.1	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	BINDER	F1	91.9	—	Unverified
2	ConNER	F1	91.3	—	Unverified
3	CL-L2	F1	90.99	—	Unverified
4	aimped	F1	90.95	—	Unverified
5	BertForTokenClassification (Spark NLP)	F1	90.89	—	Unverified
6	BioLinkBERT (large)	F1	90.22	—	Unverified
7	ELECTRAMed	F1	90.03	—	Unverified
8	BLSTM-CNN-Char (SparkNLP)	F1	89.73	—	Unverified
9	Spark NLP	F1	89.73	—	Unverified
10	UniNER-7B	F1	89.34	—	Unverified