Named Entity Recognition (NER)

Named Entity Recognition (NER) is a task of Natural Language Processing (NLP) that involves identifying and classifying named entities in a text into predefined categories such as person names, organizations, locations, and others. The goal of NER is to extract structured information from unstructured text data and represent it in a machine-readable format. Approaches typically use BIO notation, which differentiates the beginning (B) and the inside (I) of entities. O is used for non-entity tokens.

Example:

| Mark | Watney | visited | Mars | | --- | ---| --- | --- | | B-PER | I-PER | O | B-LOC |

( Image credit: Zalando )

Papers

Recently Added Most Hyped Most Active Needs Verification Most Verified

Showing 2576–2600 of 2874 papers

Title	Date	Tasks	Status
EHRKit: A Python Natural Language Processing Toolkit for Electronic Health Record Texts	Apr 13, 2022	Information RetrievalMachine Translation	—Unverified
EiCi: A New Method of Dynamic Embedding Incorporating Contextual Information in Chinese NER	Jan 16, 2022	Language ModelingLanguage Modelling	—Unverified
EL4NER: Ensemble Learning for Named Entity Recognition via Multiple Small-Parameter Large Language Models	May 29, 2025	Ensemble LearningIn-Context Learning	—Unverified
EL92: Entity Linking Combining Open Source Annotators via Weighted Voting	Jun 1, 2015	Entity LinkingNamed Entity Recognition (NER)	—Unverified
Elucidating Conceptual Properties from Word Embeddings	Apr 1, 2017	Decision MakingNamed Entity Recognition (NER)	—Unverified
E-magyar -- A Digital Language Processing System	May 1, 2018	Named Entity Recognition (NER)	—Unverified
Embedding Methods for Fine Grained Entity Type Classification	Jul 1, 2015	ClassificationCoreference Resolution	—Unverified
Embeddings for Named Entity Recognition in Geoscience Portuguese Literature	May 1, 2020	Language ModelingLanguage Modelling	—Unverified
Embed More Ignore Less (EMIL): Exploiting Enriched Representations for Arabic NLP	Dec 1, 2020	named-entity-recognitionNamed Entity Recognition	—Unverified
EMBRE: Entity-aware Masking for Biomedical Relation Extraction	Jan 15, 2024	named-entity-recognitionNamed Entity Recognition	—Unverified
Empirical Study of Named Entity Recognition Performance Using Distribution-aware Word Embedding	Sep 3, 2021	named-entity-recognitionNamed Entity Recognition	—Unverified
Employing Wikipedia as a resource for Named Entity Recognition in Morphologically complex under-resourced languages	Sep 1, 2021	named-entity-recognitionNamed Entity Recognition	—Unverified
Employing Word Representations and Regularization for Domain Adaptation of Relation Extraction	Jun 1, 2014	Domain AdaptationNamed Entity Recognition (NER)	—Unverified
Joint Entity Extraction and Assertion Detection for Clinical Text	Dec 13, 2018	DecoderEntity Extraction using GAN	—Unverified
End-to-end model for named entity recognition from speech without paired training data	Apr 2, 2022	Automatic Speech RecognitionAutomatic Speech Recognition (ASR)	—Unverified
End-to-End Models for Chemical-Protein Interaction Extraction: Better Tokenization and Span-Based Pipeline Strategies	Apr 3, 2023	Chemical-Protein Interaction Extractionnamed-entity-recognition	—Unverified
End-to-end named entity extraction from speech	May 30, 2018	Automatic Speech RecognitionAutomatic Speech Recognition (ASR)	—Unverified
English-Basque Statistical and Neural Machine Translation	May 1, 2018	Machine TranslationNamed Entity Recognition (NER)	—Unverified
English Event Detection With Translated Language Features	Jul 1, 2017	Event DetectionEvent Extraction	—Unverified
Enhanced E-Commerce Attribute Extraction: Innovating with Decorative Relation Correction and LLAMA 2.0-Based Annotation	Dec 9, 2023	AttributeAttribute Extraction	—Unverified
Enhance Robustness of Sequence Labelling with Masked Adversarial Training	Nov 1, 2020	Chunkingnamed-entity-recognition	—Unverified
Enhancing Document AI Data Generation Through Graph-Based Synthetic Layouts	Nov 27, 2024	Document AIDocument Classification	—Unverified
Enhancing Drug-Drug Interaction Classification with Corpus-level Feature and Classifier Ensemble	Nov 1, 2017	ClassificationFeature Engineering	—Unverified
Enhancing Few-shot NER with Prompt Ordering based Data Augmentation	May 19, 2023	Data Augmentationfew-shot-ner	—Unverified
Enhancing Low Resource NER Using Assisting Language And Transfer Learning	Jun 10, 2023	named-entity-recognitionNamed Entity Recognition	—Unverified

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All datasets CoNLL 2003 (English)Ontonotes v5 (English)NCBI Disease WNUT 2017 ACE 2005 JNLPBA BC5CDR GENIA BC2GM BC5CDR-chemical SLUE CoNLL++

Benchmark Results

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	ACE + document-context	F1	94.6	—	Unverified
2	LUKE 483M	F1	94.3	—	Unverified
3	Co-regularized LUKE	F1	94.22	—	Unverified
4	LUKE + SubRegWeigh (K-means)	F1	94.2	—	Unverified
5	ASP+T5-3B	F1	94.1	—	Unverified
6	FLERT XLM-R	F1	94.09	—	Unverified
7	PL-Marker	F1	94	—	Unverified
8	CL-KL	F1	93.85	—	Unverified
9	XLNet-GCN	F1	93.82	—	Unverified
10	RoBERTa + SubRegWeigh (K-means)	F1	93.81	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	BERT-MRC+DSC	F1	92.07	—	Unverified
2	PL-Marker	F1	91.9	—	Unverified
3	Baseline + BS	F1	91.74	—	Unverified
4	Biaffine-NER	F1	91.3	—	Unverified
5	BERT-MRC	F1	91.11	—	Unverified
6	PIQN	F1	90.96	—	Unverified
7	HGN	F1	90.92	—	Unverified
8	Syn-LSTM + BERT (wo doc-context)	F1	90.85	—	Unverified
9	DiffusionNER	F1	90.66	—	Unverified
10	W2NER	F1	90.5	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	BioBERT	F1	89.71	—	Unverified
2	SpanModel + SequenceLabelingModel	F1	89.6	—	Unverified
3	SciFive-Base	F1	89.39	—	Unverified
4	Spark NLP	F1	89.13	—	Unverified
5	BLSTM-CNN-Char (SparkNLP)	F1	89.13	—	Unverified
6	KeBioLM	F1	89.1	—	Unverified
7	CL-KL	F1	88.96	—	Unverified
8	BioKMNER + BioBERT	F1	88.77	—	Unverified
9	BioLinkBERT (large)	F1	88.76	—	Unverified
10	CompactBioBERT	F1	88.67	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	CL-KL	F1	60.45	—	Unverified
2	RoBERTa + SubRegWeigh (K-means)	F1	60.29	—	Unverified
3	BERT-CRF (Replicated in AdaSeq)	F1	59.69	—	Unverified
4	RoBERTa-BiLSTM-context	F1	59.61	—	Unverified
5	BERT + RegLER	F1	58.9	—	Unverified
6	TNER -xlm-r-large	F1	58.5	—	Unverified
7	HGN	F1	57.41	—	Unverified
8	ASA + RoBERTa	F1	57.3	—	Unverified
9	BERTweet	F1	56.5	—	Unverified
10	MINER	F1	54.86	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Ours: cross-sentence ALB	F1	90.9	—	Unverified
2	GoLLIE	F1	89.6	—	Unverified
3	PromptNER [RoBERTa-large]	F1	88.26	—	Unverified
4	PIQN	F1	87.42	—	Unverified
5	PromptNER [BERT-large]	F1	87.21	—	Unverified
6	DiffusionNER	F1	86.93	—	Unverified
7	BERT-MRC	F1	86.88	—	Unverified
8	UniNER-7B	F1	86.69	—	Unverified
9	Locate and Label	F1	86.67	—	Unverified
10	BoningKnife	F1	85.46	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	KeBioLM	F1	82	—	Unverified
2	BLSTM-CNN-Char (SparkNLP)	F1	81.29	—	Unverified
3	Spark NLP	F1	81.29	—	Unverified
4	BINDER	F1	80.3	—	Unverified
5	BioMobileBERT	F1	80.13	—	Unverified
6	BioLinkBERT (large)	F1	80.06	—	Unverified
7	DistilBioBERT	F1	79.97	—	Unverified
8	CompactBioBERT	F1	79.88	—	Unverified
9	BioDistilBERT	F1	79.1	—	Unverified
10	PubMedBERT uncased	F1	79.1	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	BINDER	F1	91.9	—	Unverified
2	ConNER	F1	91.3	—	Unverified
3	CL-L2	F1	90.99	—	Unverified
4	aimped	F1	90.95	—	Unverified
5	BertForTokenClassification (Spark NLP)	F1	90.89	—	Unverified
6	BioLinkBERT (large)	F1	90.22	—	Unverified
7	ELECTRAMed	F1	90.03	—	Unverified
8	BLSTM-CNN-Char (SparkNLP)	F1	89.73	—	Unverified
9	Spark NLP	F1	89.73	—	Unverified
10	UniNER-7B	F1	89.34	—	Unverified