Data-to-Text Generation

A classic problem in natural-language generation (NLG) involves taking structured data, such as a table, as input, and producing text that adequately and fluently describes this data as output. Unlike machine translation, which aims for complete transduction of the sentence to be translated, this form of NLG is usually taken to require addressing (at least) two separate challenges: what to say, the selection of an appropriate subset of the input data to discuss, and how to say it, the surface realization of a generation.

( Image credit: Data-to-Text Generation with Content Selection and Planning )

Papers

Recently Added Most Hyped Most Active Needs Verification Most Verified

Showing 1–10 of 219 papers

Title	Date	Tasks	Status	Hype
Large Language Models as Span Annotators	Apr 11, 2025	Data-to-Text GenerationMachine Translation	—Unverified	0
SCOPE: A Self-supervised Framework for Improving Faithfulness in Conditional Text Generation	Feb 19, 2025	Conditional Text GenerationData-to-Text Generation	—Unverified	0
Evaluation of NMT-Assisted Grammar Transfer for a Multi-Language Configurable Data-to-Text System	Jan 27, 2025	Data-to-Text GenerationMachine Translation	—Unverified	0
Curriculum Learning for Cross-Lingual Data-to-Text Generation With Noisy Data	Dec 18, 2024	Data-to-Text GenerationText Generation	—Unverified	0
An Extensive Evaluation of Factual Consistency in Large Language Models for Data-to-Text Generation	Nov 28, 2024	Data-to-Text GenerationText Generation	—Unverified	0
Ontology-Free General-Domain Knowledge Graph-to-Text Generation Dataset Synthesis using Large Language Model	Sep 11, 2024	Data-to-Text GenerationGraph-to-Sequence	CodeCode Available	1
Impact of Model Size on Fine-tuned LLM Performance in Data-to-Text Generation: A State-of-the-Art Investigation	Jul 19, 2024	Data-to-Text GenerationInformativeness	—Unverified	0
Modeling Comparative Logical Relation with Contrastive Learning for Text Generation	Jun 13, 2024	Contrastive LearningData-to-Text Generation	—Unverified	0
SPOR: A Comprehensive and Practical Evaluation Method for Compositional Generalization in Data-to-Text Generation	May 17, 2024	Data-to-Text GenerationText Generation	CodeCode Available	0
Bridging the Gap between Different Vocabularies for LLM Ensemble	Apr 15, 2024	Arithmetic ReasoningData-to-Text Generation	CodeCode Available	1

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All datasets WebNLG E2E NLG Challenge WebNLG Full Cleaned E2E NLG Challenge RotoWire RotoWire (Relation Generation)ToTTo XAlign DART MULTIWOZ 2.1 RotoWire (Content Ordering)Rotowire (Content Selection)

Benchmark Results

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Control Prefixes (A1, T5-large)	BLEU	67.32	—	Unverified
2	Control Prefixes (A1, A2, T5-large)	BLEU	67.15	—	Unverified
3	JointGT Baseline	BLEU	67.08	—	Unverified
4	FactT5B	BLEU	67.04	—	Unverified
5	T5B Baseline	BLEU	67.04	—	Unverified
6	FactJointGT	BLEU	66.89	—	Unverified
7	T5-large + Wiki + Position	BLEU	66.07	—	Unverified
8	HTML (fine-tuning)	BLEU	65.4	—	Unverified
9	T5-small	BLEU	65.05	—	Unverified
10	TrICy (trK = trk* = 0.24)	BLEU	64.73	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	S_1^R	BLEU	68.6	—	Unverified
2	EDA_CS	BLEU	67.05	—	Unverified
3	TrICy (trK = 0)	BLEU	66.43	—	Unverified
4	Slug	BLEU	66.19	—	Unverified
5	TGen	BLEU	65.93	—	Unverified
6	EDA_CS (TL)	BLEU	65.8	—	Unverified
7	Sys1-Primary	BLEU	65.61	—	Unverified
8	Zhang	BLEU	65.45	—	Unverified
9	Self-memory	BLEU	65.11	—	Unverified
10	Gong	BLEU	64.22	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Control Prefixes (A1, A2, T5-large)	BLEU	62.27	—	Unverified
2	Control Prefixes (A1, T5-large)	BLEU	61.94	—	Unverified
3	T5-large + Wiki + Position	BLEU	60.56	—	Unverified
4	T5-large	BLEU	59.7	—	Unverified
5	T5-Large	BLEU	57.1	—	Unverified
6	HTLM (prefix 0.1%)	BLEU	56.3	—	Unverified
7	DATATUNER_NO_FC	BLEU	52.9	—	Unverified
8	Transformer (Pipeline)	BLEU	51.68	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Control Prefixes (T5-large)	BLEU (Test set)	44.15	—	Unverified
2	DataTuner_FC	BLEU (Test set)	43.6	—	Unverified
3	TGen	BLEU (Test set)	40.73	—	Unverified
4	LSTM	METEOR (Validation set)	0.39	—	Unverified
5	TGen	METEOR (Validation set)	0.39	—	Unverified
6	BART	METEOR (Validation set)	0.37	—	Unverified
7	T5	METEOR (Validation set)	0.37	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	HierarchicalEncoder + NR + IR	BLEU	17.96	—	Unverified
2	Hierarchical transformer encoder + conditional copy	BLEU	17.5	—	Unverified
3	Force-Copy	BLEU	17.26	—	Unverified
4	Neural Content Planning + conditional copy	BLEU	16.5	—	Unverified
5	Macro	BLEU	15.46	—	Unverified
6	Encoder-decoder + conditional copy	BLEU	14.19	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	SeqPlan	Precision	97.6	—	Unverified
2	Macro	Precision	97.6	—	Unverified
3	Force-Copy	Precision	95.4	—	Unverified
4	Hierarchical Transformer Encoder + conditional copy	Precision	89.46	—	Unverified
5	Neural Content Planning + conditional copy	Precision	87.47	—	Unverified
6	Encoder-decoder + conditional copy	Precision	74.8	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	T5-3B	BLEU	49.5	—	Unverified
2	LATTICE (T5-base)	BLEU	48.4	—	Unverified
3	BERT-to-BERT	BLEU	44	—	Unverified
4	Pointer Generator	BLEU	41.6	—	Unverified
5	NCP+CC (Puduppully et al 2019)	BLEU	19.2	—	Unverified
6	T5	METEOR	0.36	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Fact-aware embedding with mT5	BLEU4	29.27	—	Unverified
2	Bi-lingual mT5	BLEU4	25.88	—	Unverified
3	mT5	BLEU4	25	—	Unverified
4	Vanilla Transformer	BLEU4	19.9	—	Unverified
5	Translate-Output mT5	BLEU4	18.91	—	Unverified
6	Graph Attention Network Encoder +Transformer Decoder	BLEU4	18.3	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	T5B Baseline	BLEU	48.47	—	Unverified
2	FactT5B	BLEU	48.37	—	Unverified
3	self-mem + new data	BLEU	47.76	—	Unverified
4	JointGT Baseline	BLEU	47.51	—	Unverified
5	FactJointGT	BLEU	47.39	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	T5-Base	BLEU	35.1	—	Unverified
2	T5-small	BLEU	34.96	—	Unverified
3	T2G2	BLEU	34.91	—	Unverified
4	SC-GPT2	BLEU	30.76	—	Unverified
5	HDSA	BLEU	26.48	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Hierarchical Transformer Encoder + conditional copy	DLD	18.9	—	Unverified
2	Neural Content Planning + conditional copy	DLD	18.58	—	Unverified
3	Macro	DLD	17.7	—	Unverified
4	Force-Copy	DLD	17.26	—	Unverified
5	Encoder-decoder + conditional copy	DLD	8.68	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Hierarchical Transformer Encoder + conditional copy	Precision	39.47	—	Unverified
2	Force-Copy	Precision	34.34	—	Unverified
3	Neural Content Planning + conditional copy	Precision	34.18	—	Unverified
4	Macro	Precision	34.1	—	Unverified
5	Encoder-decoder + conditional copy	Precision	29.49	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	SeqPlan	BLEU	14.29	—	Unverified
2	Macro	BLEU	12.62	—	Unverified
3	ENT	BLEU	11.5	—	Unverified
4	Force-Copy	BLEU	10.5	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	SeqPlan	DLD	22.7	—	Unverified
2	Macro	DLD	21.8	—	Unverified
3	Force-Copy	DLD	21.16	—	Unverified
4	ENT	DLD	20.7	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	SeqPlan	Precision	95.9	—	Unverified
2	Macro	Precision	94.4	—	Unverified
3	Force-Copy	Precision	84.5	—	Unverified
4	ENT	Precision	81.1	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	binmt	BLEU score	26.35	—	Unverified
2	tgen	BLEU score	21.96	—	Unverified
3	mass	BLEU score	17.72	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Force-Copy	Precision	49.39	—	Unverified
2	SeqPlan	Precision	43.3	—	Unverified
3	Macro	Precision	40.8	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	self-mem + new data (random)	METEOR	46.11	—	Unverified
2	self-mem + new data (fixed)	METEOR	46.07	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Transition based Deep Input Linearization	BLEU	80.49	—	Unverified
2	GCN + feat	BLEU	0.67	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	DataTuner_FC	BLEU	53.6	—	Unverified
2	Bo3	BLEU	52.1	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	mBART	METEOR	0.46	—	Unverified
2	mT5	METEOR	0.29	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	mBART	METEOR	0.61	—	Unverified
2	mT5	METEOR	0.18	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	StructAdapt	Bleu	48	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	T5-large	BLEU	45.85	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	T5-large	BLEU	69.27	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Ours	BLEU	24.56	—	Unverified