Text Classification

Text Classification is the task of assigning a sentence or document an appropriate category. The categories depend on the chosen dataset and can range from topics.

Text Classification problems include emotion classification, news classification, citation intent classification, among others. Benchmark datasets for evaluating text classification capabilities include GLUE, AGNews, among others.

In recent years, deep learning techniques like XLNet and RoBERTa have attained some of the biggest performance jumps for text classification problems.

( Image credit: Text Classification Algorithms: A Survey )

Papers

Recently Added Most Hyped Most Active Needs Verification Most Verified

Showing 351–400 of 3635 papers

Title	Date	Tasks	Status	Hype
Knowledge Distillation in Automated Annotation: Supervised Text Classification with LLM-Generated Training Labels	Jun 25, 2024	ArticlesIn-Context Learning	—Unverified	0
Retrieval-style In-Context Learning for Few-shot Hierarchical Text Classification	Jun 25, 2024	Contrastive Learningfew-shot-htc	CodeCode Available	1
Understanding Language Model Circuits through Knowledge Editing	Jun 25, 2024	knowledge editingLanguage Modeling	—Unverified	0
AlleNoise: large-scale text classification benchmark dataset with real-world label noise	Jun 24, 2024	ClassificationLearning with noisy labels	CodeCode Available	1
User Story Tutor (UST) to Support Agile Software Developers	Jun 24, 2024	Text Classification	CodeCode Available	0
Evaluation of Language Models in the Medical Context Under Resource-Constrained Settings	Jun 24, 2024	Conditional Text GenerationLanguage Modelling	CodeCode Available	0
Learning in Wilson-Cowan model for metapopulation	Jun 24, 2024	Image Classificationmodel	CodeCode Available	0
Context-augmented Retrieval: A Novel Framework for Fast Information Retrieval based Response Generation using Large Language Model	Jun 24, 2024	Answer GenerationInformation Retrieval	—Unverified	0
Retrieval Augmented Zero-Shot Text Classification	Jun 21, 2024	ClassificationRetrieval	CodeCode Available	0
Hierarchical thematic classification of major conference proceedings	Jun 21, 2024	Bayesian InferenceClassification	—Unverified	0
Depth F_1: Improving Evaluation of Cross-Domain Text Classification by Measuring Semantic Generalizability	Jun 20, 2024	ClassificationCross-Domain Text Classification	CodeCode Available	0
Self-supervised Interpretable Concept-based Models for Text Classification	Jun 20, 2024	Decision Makingtext-classification	—Unverified	0
Fighting Randomness with Randomness: Mitigating Optimisation Instability of Fine-Tuning using Delayed Ensemble and Noisy Interpolation	Jun 18, 2024	Computational EfficiencyData Augmentation	CodeCode Available	0
What Did I Do Wrong? Quantifying LLMs' Sensitivity and Consistency to Prompt Engineering	Jun 18, 2024	Prompt EngineeringSensitivity	CodeCode Available	0
GW-MoE: Resolving Uncertainty in MoE Router with Global Workspace Theory	Jun 18, 2024	Code GenerationMathematical Problem-Solving	CodeCode Available	0
An Empirical Investigation of Matrix Factorization Methods for Pre-trained Transformers	Jun 17, 2024	Model Compressiontext-classification	—Unverified	0
Soft Prompting for Unlearning in Large Language Models	Jun 17, 2024	In-Context LearningMachine Unlearning	CodeCode Available	1
Text Grafting: Near-Distribution Weak Supervision for Minority Classes in Text Classification	Jun 17, 2024	text-classificationText Classification	CodeCode Available	0
Enhancing Text Classification through LLM-Driven Active Learning and Human Annotation	Jun 17, 2024	Active LearningSentiment Analysis	CodeCode Available	0
Self-Regulated Data-Free Knowledge Amalgamation for Text Classification	Jun 16, 2024	text-classificationText Classification	—Unverified	0
CrisisSense-LLM: Instruction Fine-Tuned Large Language Model for Multi-label Social Media Text Classification in Disaster Informatics	Jun 16, 2024	ClassificationInformativeness	CodeCode Available	0
Curating Stopwords in Marathi: A TF-IDF Approach for Improved Text Analysis and Information Retrieval	Jun 16, 2024	Information RetrievalRetrieval	—Unverified	0
Universal Cross-Lingual Text Classification	Jun 16, 2024	Classificationtext-classification	—Unverified	0
Leveraging Foundation Models for Multi-modal Federated Learning with Incomplete Modality	Jun 16, 2024	Federated LearningImage-text Classification	—Unverified	0
Cutting through the noise to motivate people: A comprehensive analysis of COVID-19 social media posts de/motivating vaccination	Jun 15, 2024	MisinformationStance Detection	CodeCode Available	0
Self-Training for Sample-Efficient Active Learning for Text Classification with Pre-Trained Language Models	Jun 13, 2024	Active LearningClassification	CodeCode Available	0
Adversarial Evasion Attack Efficiency against Large Language Models	Jun 12, 2024	Adversarial DefenseClassification	—Unverified	0
Fine-Tuned 'Small' LLMs (Still) Significantly Outperform Zero-Shot Generative AI Models in Text Classification	Jun 12, 2024	Classificationtext-classification	CodeCode Available	1
Mitigating Boundary Ambiguity and Inherent Bias for Text Classification in the Era of Large Language Models	Jun 11, 2024	text-classificationText Classification	CodeCode Available	0
SecureNet: A Comparative Study of DeBERTa and Large Language Models for Phishing Detection	Jun 10, 2024	Synthetic Data Generationtext-classification	—Unverified	0
Robust Latent Representation Tuning for Image-text Classification	Jun 10, 2024	ClassificationImage-text Classification	—Unverified	0
AICoderEval: Improving AI Domain Code Generation of Large Language Models	Jun 7, 2024	Code GenerationImage to text	—Unverified	0
What Do Language Models Learn in Context? The Structured Task Hypothesis	Jun 6, 2024	In-Context LearningMeta-Learning	CodeCode Available	1
LLMEmbed: Rethinking Lightweight LLM's Genuine Function in Text Classification	Jun 6, 2024	Prompt Learningtext-classification	CodeCode Available	1
BEADs: Bias Evaluation Across Domains	Jun 6, 2024	BenchmarkingBias Detection	—Unverified	0
Pointer-Guided Pre-Training: Infusing Large Language Models with Paragraph-Level Contextual Awareness	Jun 6, 2024	Diversitytext-classification	CodeCode Available	0
RICo: Reddit ideological communities	Jun 5, 2024	ArticlesNews Classification	CodeCode Available	0
FusionBench: A Comprehensive Benchmark of Deep Model Fusion	Jun 5, 2024	image-classificationImage Classification	CodeCode Available	3
IrokoBench: A New Benchmark for African Languages in the Age of Large Language Models	Jun 5, 2024	Mathematical ReasoningNatural Language Inference	—Unverified	0
Fuzzy Convolution Neural Networks for Tabular Data Classification	Jun 4, 2024	Classificationtext-classification	—Unverified	0
Randomized Geometric Algebra Methods for Convex Neural Networks	Jun 4, 2024	Language ModelingLanguage Modelling	CodeCode Available	0
Synergizing Unsupervised and Supervised Learning: A Hybrid Approach for Accurate Natural Language Task Modeling	Jun 3, 2024	Language Modellingnamed-entity-recognition	—Unverified	0
Progressive Inference: Explaining Decoder-Only Sequence Classification Models Using Intermediate Predictions	Jun 3, 2024	Decodertext-classification	—Unverified	0
Annotation Guidelines-Based Knowledge Augmentation: Towards Enhancing Large Language Models for Educational Text Classification	Jun 3, 2024	Binary ClassificationClassification	—Unverified	0
Continuous Geometry-Aware Graph Diffusion via Hyperbolic Neural PDE	Jun 3, 2024	Graph Neural NetworkImage-text Classification	—Unverified	0
Conformal Transformation of Kernels: A Geometric Perspective on Text Classification	Jun 1, 2024	Binary Classificationtext-classification	—Unverified	0
Fast Explanations via Policy Gradient-Optimized Explainer	May 29, 2024	text-classificationText Classification	—Unverified	0
Mashee at SemEval-2024 Task 8: The Impact of Samples Quality on the Performance of In-Context Learning for Machine Text Classification	May 28, 2024	Few-Shot LearningIn-Context Learning	—Unverified	0
On the Noise Robustness of In-Context Learning for Text Generation	May 27, 2024	In-Context Learningtext-classification	CodeCode Available	0
Bayesian WeakS-to-Strong from Text Classification to Generation	May 24, 2024	text-classificationText Classification	—Unverified	0

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All datasets MTEB AG News DBpedia R8 TREC-6 20NEWS UK Key Stage Readability Ohsumed Yahoo! Answers MR Climabench NewsDiscourse

Benchmark Results

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	ST5-XXL	Accuracy	73.42	—	Unverified
2	ST5-XL	Accuracy	72.84	—	Unverified
3	ST5-Large	Accuracy	72.31	—	Unverified
4	Ada Similarity	Accuracy	70.44	—	Unverified
5	SGPT-5.8B-nli	Accuracy	70.14	—	Unverified
6	ST5-Base	Accuracy	69.81	—	Unverified
7	SGPT-5.8B-msmarco	Accuracy	68.13	—	Unverified
8	MPNet-multilingual	Accuracy	67.91	—	Unverified
9	GTR-XXL	Accuracy	67.41	—	Unverified
10	SimCSE-BERT-sup	Accuracy	67.32	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Mistral-Small-24B + CAPO	Error	15.7	—	Unverified
2	ToWE-SG	Error	14	—	Unverified
3	Qwen2.5-32B + CAPO	Error	12.93	—	Unverified
4	Llama-3.3-70B + CAPO	Error	11.2	—	Unverified
5	Seq2CNN with GWS(50)	Error	9.64	—	Unverified
6	Char-level CNN	Error	9.51	—	Unverified
7	SVDCNN	Error	9.45	—	Unverified
8	VDCN	Error	8.67	—	Unverified
9	Balanced+bi-leaf-RNN	Error	7.9	—	Unverified
10	CCCapsNet	Error	7.61	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Seq2CNN(50)	Error	2.77	—	Unverified
2	Char-level CNN	Error	1.55	—	Unverified
3	SWEM-concat	Error	1.43	—	Unverified
4	FastText	Error	1.4	—	Unverified
5	VDCN	Error	1.29	—	Unverified
6	CCCapsNet	Error	1.28	—	Unverified
7	Balanced+bi-leaf-RNN	Error	1.2	—	Unverified
8	BERT large UDA	Error	1.09	—	Unverified
9	M-ACNN	Error	1.07	—	Unverified
10	EXAM	Error	1	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	DeBERTa	Accuracy	98.45	—	Unverified
2	C-BERT (ESGNN + BERT)	Accuracy	98.28	—	Unverified
3	ESGNN	Accuracy	98.23	—	Unverified
4	RoBERTaGCN	Accuracy	98.2	—	Unverified
5	BERT	Accuracy	98.17	—	Unverified
6	SGNN	Accuracy	98.09	—	Unverified
7	ERNIE 2.0	Accuracy	98.04	—	Unverified
8	DistilBERT	Accuracy	97.98	—	Unverified
9	Our Model*	Accuracy	97.8	—	Unverified
10	ALBERTv2	Accuracy	97.62	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	TM-Glove	Error	9.96	—	Unverified
2	byte mLSTM7	Error	9.6	—	Unverified
3	DELTA (CNN)	Error	7.8	—	Unverified
4	SWEM-aver	Error	7.8	—	Unverified
5	Capsule-B	Error	7.2	—	Unverified
6	STM+TSED+PT+2L	Error	7.04	—	Unverified
7	GRU-RNN-GLOVE	Error	7	—	Unverified
8	MPAD-path	Error	6.2	—	Unverified
9	VLAWE	Error	5.8	—	Unverified
10	C-LSTM	Error	5.4	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	LinearSVM+TFIDF	Accuracy	93	—	Unverified
2	RoBERTaGCN	Accuracy	89.5	—	Unverified
3	SSGC	Accuracy	88.6	—	Unverified
4	SGC	Accuracy	88.5	—	Unverified
5	SGCN	Accuracy	88.5	—	Unverified
6	RMDL (15 RDLs)	Accuracy	87.91	—	Unverified
7	Sparse Tensor Classifier	Accuracy	87.3	—	Unverified
8	GraphStar	Accuracy	86.9	—	Unverified
9	NABoE-full	Accuracy	86.8	—	Unverified
10	Text GCN	Accuracy	86.34	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	ELECTRA + ANN	F1	99.6	—	Unverified
2	ERNIE + ANN	F1	99.4	—	Unverified
3	XLNet + ANN	F1	99.2	—	Unverified
4	RoBERTa + ANN	F1	98.7	—	Unverified
5	Longformer + ANN	F1	93.9	—	Unverified
6	BERT + ANN	F1	90.5	—	Unverified
7	ALBERT + ANN	F1	79.7	—	Unverified
8	BERT	F1	75	—	Unverified
9	DistilBERT	F1	74.4	—	Unverified
10	Longformer	F1	74	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	RoBERTaGCN	Accuracy	72.8	—	Unverified
2	Our Model*	Accuracy	69.4	—	Unverified
3	SSGC	Accuracy	68.5	—	Unverified
4	SGCN	Accuracy	68.5	—	Unverified
5	SGC	Accuracy	68.5	—	Unverified
6	Text GCN	Accuracy	68.36	—	Unverified
7	GraphStar	Accuracy	64.2	—	Unverified
8	ApproxRepSet	Accuracy	64.06	—	Unverified
9	REL-RWMD k-NN	Accuracy	58.74	—	Unverified
10	CNN+Lowercased	Accuracy	36.2	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	BERT-ITPT-FiT	Accuracy	77.62	—	Unverified
2	DRNN	Accuracy	76.26	—	Unverified
3	DELTA (HAN)	Accuracy	75.1	—	Unverified
4	EXAM	Accuracy	74.8	—	Unverified
5	DNC+CUW	Accuracy	74.3	—	Unverified
6	ULMFiT (Small data)	Accuracy	74.3	—	Unverified
7	CCCapsNet	Accuracy	73.85	—	Unverified
8	SWEM-concat	Accuracy	73.53	—	Unverified
9	FastText	Accuracy	72.3	—	Unverified
10	Seq2CNN(50)	Accuracy	55.39	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	DeBERTa	Accuracy	90.21	—	Unverified
2	RoBERTaGCN	Accuracy	89.7	—	Unverified
3	ERNIE 2.0 (optimized)	Accuracy	89.53	—	Unverified
4	RoBERTa	Accuracy	89.42	—	Unverified
5	ERNIE 2.0	Accuracy	88.97	—	Unverified
6	BERT	Accuracy	86.94	—	Unverified
7	ALBERTv2	Accuracy	86.02	—	Unverified
8	DistilBERT	Accuracy	85.31	—	Unverified
9	SSGC	Accuracy	76.7	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	CliReBERT (P0L3/clirebert_clirevocab_uncased)	Evaluation Macro F1	0.65	—	Unverified
2	ClimateBERT (climatebert/distilroberta-base-climate-f)	Evaluation Macro F1	0.64	—	Unverified
3	BERT (google-bert/bert-base-uncased)	Evaluation Macro F1	0.61	—	Unverified
4	CliSciBERT (P0L3/cliscibert_scivocab_uncased)	Evaluation Macro F1	0.61	—	Unverified
5	SciBERT (allenai/scibert_scivocab_cased)	Evaluation Macro F1	0.59	—	Unverified
6	DistilRoBERTa (distilbert/distilroberta-base)	Evaluation Macro F1	0.58	—	Unverified
7	SciClimateBERT (P0L3/sciclimatebert)	Evaluation Macro F1	0.58	—	Unverified
8	RoBERTa (FacebookAI/roberta-base)	Evaluation Macro F1	0.57	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Human (Post-Rec.) (Spangher et al., 2021)	macro F1	73.69	—	Unverified
2	MT-Mac (Spangher et al., 2021)	macro F1	63.46	—	Unverified
3	MT-Mic (Spangher et al., 2021)	macro F1	61.89	—	Unverified
4	RL-IP/TT (Choubey et al., 2021)	macro F1	57	—	Unverified
5	Document LSTM + Document encoding (Choubey et al., 2020)	macro F1	54.4	—	Unverified
6	CRF Fine-grained (Choubey et al., 2020)	macro F1	52.9	—	Unverified
7	Human (Blind) (Spangher et al., 2021)	macro F1	46.18	—	Unverified
8	Feature-based (SVM) (Choubey et al., 2020)	macro F1	38.3	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	1-6 BertGCN	Accuracy	96.6	—	Unverified
2	GraphStar	Accuracy	95	—	Unverified
3	Our Model*	Accuracy	94.6	—	Unverified
4	SSGC	Accuracy	94.5	—	Unverified
5	SGC	Accuracy	94	—	Unverified
6	SGCN	Accuracy	94	—	Unverified
7	Text GCN	Accuracy	93.56	—	Unverified
8	TM-Glove	Accuracy	89.14	—	Unverified