Text Classification

Text Classification is the task of assigning a sentence or document an appropriate category. The categories depend on the chosen dataset and can range from topics.

Text Classification problems include emotion classification, news classification, citation intent classification, among others. Benchmark datasets for evaluating text classification capabilities include GLUE, AGNews, among others.

In recent years, deep learning techniques like XLNet and RoBERTa have attained some of the biggest performance jumps for text classification problems.

( Image credit: Text Classification Algorithms: A Survey )

Papers

Recently Added Most Hyped Most Active Needs Verification Most Verified

Showing 2101–2150 of 3635 papers

Title	Date	Tasks	Status	Hype
GottBERT: a pure German Language Model	Dec 3, 2020	Language ModelingLanguage Modelling	—Unverified	0
Evolving Character-Level DenseNet Architectures using Genetic Programming	Dec 3, 2020	ClassificationGeneral Classification	—Unverified	0
Evolving Character-level Convolutional Neural Networks for Text Classification	Dec 3, 2020	ClassificationGeneral Classification	—Unverified	0
Hate and Toxic Speech Detection in the Context of Covid-19 Pandemic using XAI: Ongoing Applied Research	Dec 1, 2020	Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)Feature Importance	—Unverified	0
Discriminating between standard Romanian and Moldavian tweets using filtered character ngrams	Dec 1, 2020	Articlestext-classification	CodeCode Available	0
Benchmarking of Transformer-Based Pre-Trained Models on Social Media Text Classification Datasets	Dec 1, 2020	BenchmarkingClassification	—Unverified	0
Information Extraction from Legal Documents: A Study in the Context of Common Law Court Judgements	Dec 1, 2020	text-classificationText Classification	—Unverified	0
Opinion Mining System for Processing Hindi Text for Home Remedies Domain	Dec 1, 2020	Opinion MiningSentence	—Unverified	0
Fine-grained domain classification using Transformers	Dec 1, 2020	Classificationdomain classification	—Unverified	0
MUCS@TechDOfication using FineTuned Vectors and n-grams	Dec 1, 2020	Machine TranslationQuestion Answering	—Unverified	0
Multichannel LSTM-CNN for Telugu Text Classification	Dec 1, 2020	ClassificationInformation Retrieval	—Unverified	0
Automatic Classification of Tweets Mentioning a Medication Using Pre-trained Sentence Encoders	Dec 1, 2020	ClassificationSentence	—Unverified	0
Task-Aware Representation of Sentences for Generic Text Classification	Dec 1, 2020	ArticlesBinary Classification	—Unverified	0
Model-agnostic Methods for Text Classification with Inherent Noise	Dec 1, 2020	BIG-bench Machine LearningClassification	—Unverified	0
RANCC: Rationalizing Neural Networks via Concept Clustering	Dec 1, 2020	ClassificationClustering	CodeCode Available	0
Go Simple and Pre-Train on Domain-Specific Corpora: On the Role of Training Data for Text Classification	Dec 1, 2020	ClassificationLanguage Modeling	—Unverified	0
Unsupervised Fine-tuning for Text Clustering	Dec 1, 2020	Clusteringtext-classification	—Unverified	0
Few-Shot Text Classification with Edge-Labeling Graph Neural Network-Based Prototypical Network	Dec 1, 2020	Few-Shot Text ClassificationGraph Neural Network	—Unverified	0
Assessing Social License to Operate from the Public Discourse on Social Media	Dec 1, 2020	text-classificationText Classification	—Unverified	0
Text Classification by Contrastive Learning and Cross-lingual Data Augmentation for Alzheimer's Disease Detection	Dec 1, 2020	Alzheimer's Disease DetectionContrastive Learning	—Unverified	0
Pointing to Select: A Fast Pointer-LSTM for Long Text Classification	Dec 1, 2020	text-classificationText Classification	—Unverified	0
Attentively Embracing Noise for Robust Latent Representation in BERT	Dec 1, 2020	Automatic Speech RecognitionAutomatic Speech Recognition (ASR)	CodeCode Available	0
Data Augmentation for Multiclass Utterance Classification -- A Systematic Study	Dec 1, 2020	ClassificationData Augmentation	—Unverified	0
Multilingual Epidemiological Text Classification: A Comparative Study	Dec 1, 2020	ArticlesClassification	—Unverified	0
Regularized Graph Convolutional Networks for Short Text Classification	Dec 1, 2020	ClassificationDeep Learning	—Unverified	0
Effective Few-Shot Classification with Transfer Learning	Dec 1, 2020	ClassificationFew-Shot Learning	—Unverified	0
Ad Lingua: Text Classification Improves Symbolism Prediction in Image Advertisements	Dec 1, 2020	Language ModelingLanguage Modelling	—Unverified	0
Analysis of Hierarchical Multi-Content Text Classification Model on B-SHARP Dataset for Early Detection of Alzheimer's Disease	Dec 1, 2020	text-classificationText Classification	—Unverified	0
Two-Step Classification using Recasted Data for Low Resource Settings	Dec 1, 2020	ClassificationNatural Language Inference	CodeCode Available	1
Label Representations in Modeling Classification as Text Generation	Dec 1, 2020	Classificationtext-classification	—Unverified	0
Lightweight Text Classifier using Sinusoidal Positional Encoding	Dec 1, 2020	Positiontext-classification	—Unverified	0
Ferryman at SemEval-2020 Task 7: Ensemble Model for Assessing Humor in Edited News Headlines	Dec 1, 2020	regressionSentiment Analysis	—Unverified	0
SIS@IIITH at SemEval-2020 Task 8: An Overview of Simple Text Classification Methods for Meme Analysis	Dec 1, 2020	ClassificationOptical Character Recognition (OCR)	—Unverified	0
INGEOTEC at SemEval-2020 Task 12: Multilingual Classification of Offensive Text	Dec 1, 2020	text-classificationText Classification	—Unverified	0
SSN-NLP at SemEval-2020 Task 4: Text Classification and Generation on Common Sense Context Using Neural Networks	Dec 1, 2020	Common Sense ReasoningMachine Translation	—Unverified	0
Warren at SemEval-2020 Task 4: ALBERT and Multi-Task Learning for Commonsense Validation	Dec 1, 2020	Multi-Task Learningreinforcement-learning	—Unverified	0
Cross-lingual Annotation Projection in Legal Texts	Dec 1, 2020	Cross-Lingual TransferDynamic Time Warping	CodeCode Available	0
Evaluating Explanations: How much do explanations from the teacher aid students?	Dec 1, 2020	Question Answeringtext-classification	CodeCode Available	0
Neural language models for text classification in evidence-based medicine	Dec 1, 2020	ArticlesClassification	—Unverified	0
CogLTX: Applying BERT to Long Texts	Dec 1, 2020	text-classificationText Classification	CodeCode Available	1
Uncertainty-aware Self-training for Few-shot Text Classification	Dec 1, 2020	ClassificationFew-Shot Text Classification	—Unverified	0
Disentangling Homophemes in Lip Reading using Perplexity Analysis	Nov 28, 2020	Language ModelingLanguage Modelling	—Unverified	0
Neural Text Classification by Jointly Learning to Cluster and Align	Nov 24, 2020	ClassificationClustering	—Unverified	0
Sequential Targeting: an incremental learning approach for data imbalance in text classification	Nov 20, 2020	General ClassificationIncremental Learning	—Unverified	0
On the Dynamics of Training Attention Models	Nov 19, 2020	General Classificationtext-classification	CodeCode Available	0
On the Transferability of Adversarial Attacksagainst Neural Text Classifier	Nov 17, 2020	text-classificationText Classification	—Unverified	0
Neural Semi-supervised Learning for Text Classification Under Large-Scale Pretraining	Nov 17, 2020	General ClassificationLanguage Modelling	CodeCode Available	1
Measuring the Novelty of Natural Language Text Using the Conjunctive Clauses of a Tsetlin Machine Text Classifier	Nov 17, 2020	Novelty DetectionText Classification	—Unverified	0
Learning Regular Expressions for Interpretable Medical Text Classification Using a Pool-based Simulated Annealing and Word-vector Models	Nov 16, 2020	text-classificationText Classification	—Unverified	0
Text Information Aggregation with Centrality Attention	Nov 16, 2020	Sentencetext-classification	—Unverified	0

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All datasets MTEB AG News DBpedia R8 TREC-6 20NEWS UK Key Stage Readability Ohsumed Yahoo! Answers MR Climabench NewsDiscourse

Benchmark Results

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	ST5-XXL	Accuracy	73.42	—	Unverified
2	ST5-XL	Accuracy	72.84	—	Unverified
3	ST5-Large	Accuracy	72.31	—	Unverified
4	Ada Similarity	Accuracy	70.44	—	Unverified
5	SGPT-5.8B-nli	Accuracy	70.14	—	Unverified
6	ST5-Base	Accuracy	69.81	—	Unverified
7	SGPT-5.8B-msmarco	Accuracy	68.13	—	Unverified
8	MPNet-multilingual	Accuracy	67.91	—	Unverified
9	GTR-XXL	Accuracy	67.41	—	Unverified
10	SimCSE-BERT-sup	Accuracy	67.32	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Mistral-Small-24B + CAPO	Error	15.7	—	Unverified
2	ToWE-SG	Error	14	—	Unverified
3	Qwen2.5-32B + CAPO	Error	12.93	—	Unverified
4	Llama-3.3-70B + CAPO	Error	11.2	—	Unverified
5	Seq2CNN with GWS(50)	Error	9.64	—	Unverified
6	Char-level CNN	Error	9.51	—	Unverified
7	SVDCNN	Error	9.45	—	Unverified
8	VDCN	Error	8.67	—	Unverified
9	Balanced+bi-leaf-RNN	Error	7.9	—	Unverified
10	CCCapsNet	Error	7.61	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Seq2CNN(50)	Error	2.77	—	Unverified
2	Char-level CNN	Error	1.55	—	Unverified
3	SWEM-concat	Error	1.43	—	Unverified
4	FastText	Error	1.4	—	Unverified
5	VDCN	Error	1.29	—	Unverified
6	CCCapsNet	Error	1.28	—	Unverified
7	Balanced+bi-leaf-RNN	Error	1.2	—	Unverified
8	BERT large UDA	Error	1.09	—	Unverified
9	M-ACNN	Error	1.07	—	Unverified
10	EXAM	Error	1	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	DeBERTa	Accuracy	98.45	—	Unverified
2	C-BERT (ESGNN + BERT)	Accuracy	98.28	—	Unverified
3	ESGNN	Accuracy	98.23	—	Unverified
4	RoBERTaGCN	Accuracy	98.2	—	Unverified
5	BERT	Accuracy	98.17	—	Unverified
6	SGNN	Accuracy	98.09	—	Unverified
7	ERNIE 2.0	Accuracy	98.04	—	Unverified
8	DistilBERT	Accuracy	97.98	—	Unverified
9	Our Model*	Accuracy	97.8	—	Unverified
10	ALBERTv2	Accuracy	97.62	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	TM-Glove	Error	9.96	—	Unverified
2	byte mLSTM7	Error	9.6	—	Unverified
3	SWEM-aver	Error	7.8	—	Unverified
4	DELTA (CNN)	Error	7.8	—	Unverified
5	Capsule-B	Error	7.2	—	Unverified
6	STM+TSED+PT+2L	Error	7.04	—	Unverified
7	GRU-RNN-GLOVE	Error	7	—	Unverified
8	MPAD-path	Error	6.2	—	Unverified
9	VLAWE	Error	5.8	—	Unverified
10	C-LSTM	Error	5.4	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	LinearSVM+TFIDF	Accuracy	93	—	Unverified
2	RoBERTaGCN	Accuracy	89.5	—	Unverified
3	SSGC	Accuracy	88.6	—	Unverified
4	SGC	Accuracy	88.5	—	Unverified
5	SGCN	Accuracy	88.5	—	Unverified
6	RMDL (15 RDLs)	Accuracy	87.91	—	Unverified
7	Sparse Tensor Classifier	Accuracy	87.3	—	Unverified
8	GraphStar	Accuracy	86.9	—	Unverified
9	NABoE-full	Accuracy	86.8	—	Unverified
10	Text GCN	Accuracy	86.34	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	ELECTRA + ANN	F1	99.6	—	Unverified
2	ERNIE + ANN	F1	99.4	—	Unverified
3	XLNet + ANN	F1	99.2	—	Unverified
4	RoBERTa + ANN	F1	98.7	—	Unverified
5	Longformer + ANN	F1	93.9	—	Unverified
6	BERT + ANN	F1	90.5	—	Unverified
7	ALBERT + ANN	F1	79.7	—	Unverified
8	BERT	F1	75	—	Unverified
9	DistilBERT	F1	74.4	—	Unverified
10	XLNet	F1	74	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	RoBERTaGCN	Accuracy	72.8	—	Unverified
2	Our Model*	Accuracy	69.4	—	Unverified
3	SSGC	Accuracy	68.5	—	Unverified
4	SGC	Accuracy	68.5	—	Unverified
5	SGCN	Accuracy	68.5	—	Unverified
6	Text GCN	Accuracy	68.36	—	Unverified
7	GraphStar	Accuracy	64.2	—	Unverified
8	ApproxRepSet	Accuracy	64.06	—	Unverified
9	REL-RWMD k-NN	Accuracy	58.74	—	Unverified
10	CNN+Lowercased	Accuracy	36.2	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	BERT-ITPT-FiT	Accuracy	77.62	—	Unverified
2	DRNN	Accuracy	76.26	—	Unverified
3	DELTA (HAN)	Accuracy	75.1	—	Unverified
4	EXAM	Accuracy	74.8	—	Unverified
5	DNC+CUW	Accuracy	74.3	—	Unverified
6	ULMFiT (Small data)	Accuracy	74.3	—	Unverified
7	CCCapsNet	Accuracy	73.85	—	Unverified
8	SWEM-concat	Accuracy	73.53	—	Unverified
9	FastText	Accuracy	72.3	—	Unverified
10	Seq2CNN(50)	Accuracy	55.39	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	DeBERTa	Accuracy	90.21	—	Unverified
2	RoBERTaGCN	Accuracy	89.7	—	Unverified
3	ERNIE 2.0 (optimized)	Accuracy	89.53	—	Unverified
4	RoBERTa	Accuracy	89.42	—	Unverified
5	ERNIE 2.0	Accuracy	88.97	—	Unverified
6	BERT	Accuracy	86.94	—	Unverified
7	ALBERTv2	Accuracy	86.02	—	Unverified
8	DistilBERT	Accuracy	85.31	—	Unverified
9	SSGC	Accuracy	76.7	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	CliReBERT (P0L3/clirebert_clirevocab_uncased)	Evaluation Macro F1	0.65	—	Unverified
2	ClimateBERT (climatebert/distilroberta-base-climate-f)	Evaluation Macro F1	0.64	—	Unverified
3	BERT (google-bert/bert-base-uncased)	Evaluation Macro F1	0.61	—	Unverified
4	CliSciBERT (P0L3/cliscibert_scivocab_uncased)	Evaluation Macro F1	0.61	—	Unverified
5	SciBERT (allenai/scibert_scivocab_cased)	Evaluation Macro F1	0.59	—	Unverified
6	DistilRoBERTa (distilbert/distilroberta-base)	Evaluation Macro F1	0.58	—	Unverified
7	SciClimateBERT (P0L3/sciclimatebert)	Evaluation Macro F1	0.58	—	Unverified
8	RoBERTa (FacebookAI/roberta-base)	Evaluation Macro F1	0.57	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Human (Post-Rec.) (Spangher et al., 2021)	macro F1	73.69	—	Unverified
2	MT-Mac (Spangher et al., 2021)	macro F1	63.46	—	Unverified
3	MT-Mic (Spangher et al., 2021)	macro F1	61.89	—	Unverified
4	RL-IP/TT (Choubey et al., 2021)	macro F1	57	—	Unverified
5	Document LSTM + Document encoding (Choubey et al., 2020)	macro F1	54.4	—	Unverified
6	CRF Fine-grained (Choubey et al., 2020)	macro F1	52.9	—	Unverified
7	Human (Blind) (Spangher et al., 2021)	macro F1	46.18	—	Unverified
8	Feature-based (SVM) (Choubey et al., 2020)	macro F1	38.3	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	1-6 BertGCN	Accuracy	96.6	—	Unverified
2	GraphStar	Accuracy	95	—	Unverified
3	Our Model*	Accuracy	94.6	—	Unverified
4	SSGC	Accuracy	94.5	—	Unverified
5	SGC	Accuracy	94	—	Unverified
6	SGCN	Accuracy	94	—	Unverified
7	Text GCN	Accuracy	93.56	—	Unverified
8	TM-Glove	Accuracy	89.14	—	Unverified