Text Classification

Text Classification is the task of assigning a sentence or document an appropriate category. The categories depend on the chosen dataset and can range from topics.

Text Classification problems include emotion classification, news classification, citation intent classification, among others. Benchmark datasets for evaluating text classification capabilities include GLUE, AGNews, among others.

In recent years, deep learning techniques like XLNet and RoBERTa have attained some of the biggest performance jumps for text classification problems.

( Image credit: Text Classification Algorithms: A Survey )

Papers

Recently Added Most Hyped Most Active Needs Verification Most Verified

Showing 1651–1700 of 3635 papers

Title	Date	Tasks	Status	Hype
Magic Pyramid: Accelerating Inference with Early Exiting and Token Pruning	Oct 30, 2021	text-classificationText Classification	—Unverified	0
Hierarchical Heterogeneous Graph Representation Learning for Short Text Classification	Oct 30, 2021	ClassificationGraph Neural Network	CodeCode Available	1
Diversity Enhanced Active Learning with Strictly Proper Scoring Rules	Oct 27, 2021	Active LearningDiversity	CodeCode Available	1
Assessing the Sufficiency of Arguments through Conclusion Generation	Oct 26, 2021	text-classificationText Classification	CodeCode Available	0
Task-Specific Dependency-based Word Embedding Methods	Oct 26, 2021	text-classificationText Classification	—Unverified	0
CLLD: Contrastive Learning with Label Distance for Text Classification	Oct 25, 2021	ClassificationContrastive Learning	—Unverified	0
Hate and Offensive Speech Detection in Hindi and Marathi	Oct 23, 2021	Sentiment Analysistext-classification	—Unverified	0
ClimateBert: A Pretrained Language Model for Climate-Related Text	Oct 22, 2021	ArticlesFact Checking	CodeCode Available	1
Application of the Multi-label Residual Convolutional Neural Network text classifier using Content-Based Routing process	Oct 19, 2021	text-classificationText Classification	—Unverified	0
A Method for MBTI Classification Based on Impact of Class Components	Oct 18, 2021	Classificationtext-classification	—Unverified	0
Learning-based Memetic Algorithm for Hard-label Textual Attack	Oct 16, 2021	Combinatorial OptimizationHard-label Attack	—Unverified	0
ME-GCN: Multi-dimensional Edge-Embedded Graph Convolutional Networks for Semi-supervised Text Classification	Oct 16, 2021	Semi-Supervised Text Classificationtext-classification	—Unverified	0
InducT-GCN: Inductive Graph Convolutional Networks for Text Classification	Oct 16, 2021	ClassificationGraph Neural Network	—Unverified	0
Few-Shot Learning with Siamese Networks and Label Tuning	Oct 16, 2021	Few-Shot LearningFew-Shot Text Classification	—Unverified	0
Explainable Assessment of Healthcare Articles with QA	Oct 16, 2021	ArticlesExplanation Generation	—Unverified	0
Multi-Label Text Classification by Graph Neural Network with Mixing Operations	Oct 16, 2021	Graph Neural NetworkMulti Label Text Classification	—Unverified	0
Re-evaluating Extreme Multi-label Text Classification Methods in Tail Label Prediction	Oct 16, 2021	Multi Label Text ClassificationMulti-Label Text Classification	—Unverified	0
On the Sensitivity and Stability of Model Interpretations	Oct 16, 2021	Adversarial RobustnessDependency Parsing	—Unverified	0
n-stage Latent Dirichlet Allocation: A Novel Approach for LDA	Oct 16, 2021	Sentiment AnalysisText Classification	CodeCode Available	0
Good Examples Make A Faster Learner: Simple Demonstration-based Learning for Low-resource NER	Oct 16, 2021	Domain AdaptationFew-Shot Text Classification	CodeCode Available	1
Sparse Distillation: Speeding Up Text Classification by Using Bigger Student Models	Oct 16, 2021	ClassificationDomain Generalization	CodeCode Available	1
A Multilingual Bag-of-Entities Model for Zero-Shot Cross-Lingual Text Classification	Oct 15, 2021	ClassificationEntity Typing	—Unverified	0
Meta-learning via Language Model In-context Tuning	Oct 15, 2021	In-Context LearningInductive Bias	CodeCode Available	1
ReGVD: Revisiting Graph Neural Networks for Vulnerability Detection	Oct 14, 2021	Graph EmbeddingGraph Neural Network	CodeCode Available	1
Compressibility of Distributed Document Representations	Oct 14, 2021	text-classificationText Classification	—Unverified	0
Automated Essay Scoring Using Transformer Models	Oct 13, 2021	Automated Essay ScoringBIG-bench Machine Learning	CodeCode Available	1
LaoPLM: Pre-trained Language Models for Lao	Oct 12, 2021	Part-Of-Speech Taggingtext-classification	—Unverified	0
The Rich Get Richer: Disparate Impact of Semi-Supervised Learning	Oct 12, 2021	FairnessPseudo Label	CodeCode Available	0
Paperswithtopic: Topic Identification from Paper Title Only	Oct 9, 2021	text-classificationText Classification	CodeCode Available	0
Towards a Unified View of Parameter-Efficient Transfer Learning	Oct 8, 2021	Machine Translationparameter-efficient fine-tuning	CodeCode Available	1
Creating Training Sets via Weak Indirect Supervision	Oct 7, 2021	text-classificationText Classification	—Unverified	0
Automated Testing of AI Models	Oct 7, 2021	FairnessSpeech-to-Text	—Unverified	0
Noisy Text Data: Achilles' Heel of popular transformer based NLP models	Oct 7, 2021	NEROpen-Ended Question Answering	—Unverified	0
KNN-BERT: Fine-Tuning Pre-Trained Models with KNN Classifier	Oct 6, 2021	Contrastive Learningtext-classification	CodeCode Available	1
Pretrained Transformers for Offensive Language Identification in Tanglish	Oct 6, 2021	Language IdentificationText Classification	CodeCode Available	0
Weakly-supervised Text Classification Based on Keyword Graph	Oct 6, 2021	Classificationtext-classification	CodeCode Available	1
Hierarchical information matters: Text classification via tree based graph neural network	Oct 5, 2021	ClassificationDependency Parsing	CodeCode Available	0
MoEfication: Transformer Feed-forward Layers are Mixtures of Experts	Oct 5, 2021	Machine Reading ComprehensionReading Comprehension	CodeCode Available	1
Emoji Prediction from Twitter Data using Deep Learning Approach	Oct 4, 2021	Deep LearningMulti-class Classification	CodeCode Available	1
Privacy enabled Financial Text Classification using Differential Privacy and Federated Learning	Oct 4, 2021	Federated LearningSentiment Analysis	—Unverified	0
Confiscation Detection of Criminal Judgment Using Text Classification Approach	Oct 1, 2021	Classificationtext-classification	—Unverified	0
Improved Text Classification of Long-term Care Materials	Oct 1, 2021	Classificationregression	—Unverified	0
Fast Multi-Resolution Transformer Fine-tuning for Extreme Multi-label Text Classification	Oct 1, 2021	Multi Label Text ClassificationMulti-Label Text Classification	—Unverified	0
XPROAX-Local explanations for text classification with progressive neighborhood approximation	Sep 30, 2021	Classificationcounterfactual	CodeCode Available	0
Multi-granular Legal Topic Classification on Greek Legislation	Sep 30, 2021	Classificationtext-classification	CodeCode Available	0
Semi-Supervised Text Classification via Self-Pretraining	Sep 30, 2021	Pseudo LabelSemi-Supervised Text Classification	CodeCode Available	1
ERNIE-SPARSE: Robust Efficient Transformer Through Hierarchically Unifying Isolated Information	Sep 29, 2021	Sensitivitytext-classification	—Unverified	0
Integrating Attention Feedback into the Recurrent Neural Network	Sep 29, 2021	text-classificationText Classification	CodeCode Available	0
Gradient Broadcast Adaptation: Defending against the backdoor attack in pre-trained models	Sep 29, 2021	Backdoor Attacktext-classification	—Unverified	0
What Makes Better Augmentation Strategies? Augment Difficult but Not too Different	Sep 29, 2021	Data AugmentationSemantic Similarity	—Unverified	0

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All datasets MTEB AG News DBpedia R8 TREC-6 20NEWS UK Key Stage Readability Ohsumed Yahoo! Answers MR Climabench NewsDiscourse

Benchmark Results

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	ST5-XXL	Accuracy	73.42	—	Unverified
2	ST5-XL	Accuracy	72.84	—	Unverified
3	ST5-Large	Accuracy	72.31	—	Unverified
4	Ada Similarity	Accuracy	70.44	—	Unverified
5	SGPT-5.8B-nli	Accuracy	70.14	—	Unverified
6	ST5-Base	Accuracy	69.81	—	Unverified
7	SGPT-5.8B-msmarco	Accuracy	68.13	—	Unverified
8	MPNet-multilingual	Accuracy	67.91	—	Unverified
9	GTR-XXL	Accuracy	67.41	—	Unverified
10	SimCSE-BERT-sup	Accuracy	67.32	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Mistral-Small-24B + CAPO	Error	15.7	—	Unverified
2	ToWE-SG	Error	14	—	Unverified
3	Qwen2.5-32B + CAPO	Error	12.93	—	Unverified
4	Llama-3.3-70B + CAPO	Error	11.2	—	Unverified
5	Seq2CNN with GWS(50)	Error	9.64	—	Unverified
6	Char-level CNN	Error	9.51	—	Unverified
7	SVDCNN	Error	9.45	—	Unverified
8	VDCN	Error	8.67	—	Unverified
9	Balanced+bi-leaf-RNN	Error	7.9	—	Unverified
10	CCCapsNet	Error	7.61	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Seq2CNN(50)	Error	2.77	—	Unverified
2	Char-level CNN	Error	1.55	—	Unverified
3	SWEM-concat	Error	1.43	—	Unverified
4	FastText	Error	1.4	—	Unverified
5	VDCN	Error	1.29	—	Unverified
6	CCCapsNet	Error	1.28	—	Unverified
7	Balanced+bi-leaf-RNN	Error	1.2	—	Unverified
8	BERT large UDA	Error	1.09	—	Unverified
9	M-ACNN	Error	1.07	—	Unverified
10	EXAM	Error	1	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	DeBERTa	Accuracy	98.45	—	Unverified
2	C-BERT (ESGNN + BERT)	Accuracy	98.28	—	Unverified
3	ESGNN	Accuracy	98.23	—	Unverified
4	RoBERTaGCN	Accuracy	98.2	—	Unverified
5	BERT	Accuracy	98.17	—	Unverified
6	SGNN	Accuracy	98.09	—	Unverified
7	ERNIE 2.0	Accuracy	98.04	—	Unverified
8	DistilBERT	Accuracy	97.98	—	Unverified
9	Our Model*	Accuracy	97.8	—	Unverified
10	ALBERTv2	Accuracy	97.62	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	TM-Glove	Error	9.96	—	Unverified
2	byte mLSTM7	Error	9.6	—	Unverified
3	SWEM-aver	Error	7.8	—	Unverified
4	DELTA (CNN)	Error	7.8	—	Unverified
5	Capsule-B	Error	7.2	—	Unverified
6	STM+TSED+PT+2L	Error	7.04	—	Unverified
7	GRU-RNN-GLOVE	Error	7	—	Unverified
8	MPAD-path	Error	6.2	—	Unverified
9	VLAWE	Error	5.8	—	Unverified
10	C-LSTM	Error	5.4	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	LinearSVM+TFIDF	Accuracy	93	—	Unverified
2	RoBERTaGCN	Accuracy	89.5	—	Unverified
3	SSGC	Accuracy	88.6	—	Unverified
4	SGC	Accuracy	88.5	—	Unverified
5	SGCN	Accuracy	88.5	—	Unverified
6	RMDL (15 RDLs)	Accuracy	87.91	—	Unverified
7	Sparse Tensor Classifier	Accuracy	87.3	—	Unverified
8	GraphStar	Accuracy	86.9	—	Unverified
9	NABoE-full	Accuracy	86.8	—	Unverified
10	Text GCN	Accuracy	86.34	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	ELECTRA + ANN	F1	99.6	—	Unverified
2	ERNIE + ANN	F1	99.4	—	Unverified
3	XLNet + ANN	F1	99.2	—	Unverified
4	RoBERTa + ANN	F1	98.7	—	Unverified
5	Longformer + ANN	F1	93.9	—	Unverified
6	BERT + ANN	F1	90.5	—	Unverified
7	ALBERT + ANN	F1	79.7	—	Unverified
8	BERT	F1	75	—	Unverified
9	DistilBERT	F1	74.4	—	Unverified
10	XLNet	F1	74	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	RoBERTaGCN	Accuracy	72.8	—	Unverified
2	Our Model*	Accuracy	69.4	—	Unverified
3	SSGC	Accuracy	68.5	—	Unverified
4	SGC	Accuracy	68.5	—	Unverified
5	SGCN	Accuracy	68.5	—	Unverified
6	Text GCN	Accuracy	68.36	—	Unverified
7	GraphStar	Accuracy	64.2	—	Unverified
8	ApproxRepSet	Accuracy	64.06	—	Unverified
9	REL-RWMD k-NN	Accuracy	58.74	—	Unverified
10	CNN+Lowercased	Accuracy	36.2	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	BERT-ITPT-FiT	Accuracy	77.62	—	Unverified
2	DRNN	Accuracy	76.26	—	Unverified
3	DELTA (HAN)	Accuracy	75.1	—	Unverified
4	EXAM	Accuracy	74.8	—	Unverified
5	DNC+CUW	Accuracy	74.3	—	Unverified
6	ULMFiT (Small data)	Accuracy	74.3	—	Unverified
7	CCCapsNet	Accuracy	73.85	—	Unverified
8	SWEM-concat	Accuracy	73.53	—	Unverified
9	FastText	Accuracy	72.3	—	Unverified
10	Seq2CNN(50)	Accuracy	55.39	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	DeBERTa	Accuracy	90.21	—	Unverified
2	RoBERTaGCN	Accuracy	89.7	—	Unverified
3	ERNIE 2.0 (optimized)	Accuracy	89.53	—	Unverified
4	RoBERTa	Accuracy	89.42	—	Unverified
5	ERNIE 2.0	Accuracy	88.97	—	Unverified
6	BERT	Accuracy	86.94	—	Unverified
7	ALBERTv2	Accuracy	86.02	—	Unverified
8	DistilBERT	Accuracy	85.31	—	Unverified
9	SSGC	Accuracy	76.7	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	CliReBERT (P0L3/clirebert_clirevocab_uncased)	Evaluation Macro F1	0.65	—	Unverified
2	ClimateBERT (climatebert/distilroberta-base-climate-f)	Evaluation Macro F1	0.64	—	Unverified
3	BERT (google-bert/bert-base-uncased)	Evaluation Macro F1	0.61	—	Unverified
4	CliSciBERT (P0L3/cliscibert_scivocab_uncased)	Evaluation Macro F1	0.61	—	Unverified
5	SciBERT (allenai/scibert_scivocab_cased)	Evaluation Macro F1	0.59	—	Unverified
6	DistilRoBERTa (distilbert/distilroberta-base)	Evaluation Macro F1	0.58	—	Unverified
7	SciClimateBERT (P0L3/sciclimatebert)	Evaluation Macro F1	0.58	—	Unverified
8	RoBERTa (FacebookAI/roberta-base)	Evaluation Macro F1	0.57	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Human (Post-Rec.) (Spangher et al., 2021)	macro F1	73.69	—	Unverified
2	MT-Mac (Spangher et al., 2021)	macro F1	63.46	—	Unverified
3	MT-Mic (Spangher et al., 2021)	macro F1	61.89	—	Unverified
4	RL-IP/TT (Choubey et al., 2021)	macro F1	57	—	Unverified
5	Document LSTM + Document encoding (Choubey et al., 2020)	macro F1	54.4	—	Unverified
6	CRF Fine-grained (Choubey et al., 2020)	macro F1	52.9	—	Unverified
7	Human (Blind) (Spangher et al., 2021)	macro F1	46.18	—	Unverified
8	Feature-based (SVM) (Choubey et al., 2020)	macro F1	38.3	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	1-6 BertGCN	Accuracy	96.6	—	Unverified
2	GraphStar	Accuracy	95	—	Unverified
3	Our Model*	Accuracy	94.6	—	Unverified
4	SSGC	Accuracy	94.5	—	Unverified
5	SGC	Accuracy	94	—	Unverified
6	SGCN	Accuracy	94	—	Unverified
7	Text GCN	Accuracy	93.56	—	Unverified
8	TM-Glove	Accuracy	89.14	—	Unverified