Text Classification

Text Classification is the task of assigning a sentence or document an appropriate category. The categories depend on the chosen dataset and can range from topics.

Text Classification problems include emotion classification, news classification, citation intent classification, among others. Benchmark datasets for evaluating text classification capabilities include GLUE, AGNews, among others.

In recent years, deep learning techniques like XLNet and RoBERTa have attained some of the biggest performance jumps for text classification problems.

( Image credit: Text Classification Algorithms: A Survey )

Papers

Recently Added Most Hyped Most Active Needs Verification Most Verified

Showing 1401–1450 of 3635 papers

Title	Date	Tasks	Status	Hype
Zero-shot Entity and Tweet Characterization with Designed Conditional Prompts and Contexts	Apr 18, 2022	Language ModelingLanguage Modelling	—Unverified	0
HFT-ONLSTM: Hierarchical and Fine-Tuning Multi-label Text Classification	Apr 18, 2022	ClassificationMulti Label Text Classification	—Unverified	0
Pathologies of Pre-trained Language Models in Few-shot Fine-tuning	Apr 17, 2022	Predictiontext-classification	—Unverified	0
Revisiting Transformer-based Models for Long Document Classification	Apr 14, 2022	ClassificationDocument Classification	CodeCode Available	1
Shedding New Light on the Language of the Dark Web	Apr 14, 2022	text-classificationText Classification	—Unverified	0
Label Semantic Aware Pre-training for Few-shot Text Classification	Apr 14, 2022	ClassificationFew-Shot Text Classification	CodeCode Available	1
An Ensemble Learning Based Approach to Multi-label Power Text Classification for Fault-type Recognition	Apr 13, 2022	ClassificationEnsemble Learning	—Unverified	0
Automatic Multi-Label Prompting: Simple and Interpretable Few-Shot Classification	Apr 13, 2022	Few-Shot Text ClassificationLanguage Modeling	CodeCode Available	1
TangoBERT: Reducing Inference Cost by using Cascaded Architecture	Apr 13, 2022	CPUReading Comprehension	—Unverified	0
Distributionally Robust Models with Parametric Likelihood Ratios	Apr 13, 2022	text-classificationText Classification	CodeCode Available	1
Easy Adaptation to Mitigate Gender Bias in Multilingual Text Classification	Apr 12, 2022	Domain AdaptationHate Speech Detection	CodeCode Available	0
MGIMN: Multi-Grained Interactive Matching Network for Few-shot Text Classification	Apr 11, 2022	Few-Shot LearningFew-Shot Text Classification	—Unverified	0
ME-GCN: Multi-dimensional Edge-Embedded Graph Convolutional Networks for Semi-supervised Text Classification	Apr 10, 2022	Semi-Supervised Text ClassificationText Classification	CodeCode Available	0
Understanding, Detecting, and Separating Out-of-Distribution Samples and Adversarial Samples in Text Classification	Apr 9, 2022	text-classificationText Classification	—Unverified	0
Are We Really Making Much Progress in Text Classification? A Comparative Review	Apr 8, 2022	ClassificationDecoder	CodeCode Available	1
RuBioRoBERTa: a pre-trained biomedical language model for Russian language biomedical text mining	Apr 8, 2022	Language ModelingLanguage Modelling	CodeCode Available	1
DAGAM: Data Augmentation with Generation And Modification	Apr 6, 2022	Data Augmentationtext-classification	CodeCode Available	0
A pipeline and comparative study of 12 machine learning models for text classification	Apr 4, 2022	BIG-bench Machine LearningClassification	CodeCode Available	0
Constrained Sequence-to-Tree Generation for Hierarchical Text Classification	Apr 2, 2022	ClassificationMulti-Label Classification	—Unverified	0
Long-tailed Extreme Multi-label Text Classification with Generated Pseudo Label Descriptions	Apr 2, 2022	Multi Label Text ClassificationMulti-Label Text Classification	—Unverified	0
Exploiting Local and Global Features in Transformer-based Extreme Multi-label Text Classification	Apr 2, 2022	Multi Label Text ClassificationMulti-Label Text Classification	—Unverified	0
Understanding Graph Convolutional Networks for Text Classification	Mar 30, 2022	Classificationgraph construction	CodeCode Available	1
LinkBERT: Pretraining Language Models with Document Links	Mar 29, 2022	Document ClassificationLanguage Modeling	CodeCode Available	2
Few-Shot Learning with Siamese Networks and Label Tuning	Mar 28, 2022	Few-Shot LearningFew-Shot Text Classification	CodeCode Available	1
Medical Dataset Classification for Kurdish Short Text over Social Media	Mar 26, 2022	text-classificationText Classification	—Unverified	0
ERNIE-SPARSE: Learning Hierarchical Efficient Transformer Through Regularized Self-Attention	Mar 23, 2022	Sparse Learningtext-classification	—Unverified	0
Adversarial Training for Improving Model Robustness? Look at Both Prediction and Interpretation	Mar 23, 2022	text-classificationText Classification	CodeCode Available	0
Feature Distribution Matching for Federated Domain Generalization	Mar 22, 2022	Domain AdaptationDomain Generalization	CodeCode Available	0
Suum Cuique: Studying Bias in Taboo Detection with a Community Perspective	Mar 22, 2022	Classificationtext-classification	CodeCode Available	0
Improving Meta-learning for Low-resource Text Classification and Generation via Memory Imitation	Mar 22, 2022	MemorizationMeta-Learning	—Unverified	0
Academic Resource Text Level Multi-label Classification based on Attention	Mar 21, 2022	ClassificationDocument Embedding	—Unverified	0
Cluster & Tune: Boost Cold Start Performance in Text Classification	Mar 20, 2022	ClassificationClustering	CodeCode Available	1
On Robust Prefix-Tuning for Text Classification	Mar 19, 2022	ClassificationLanguage Modelling	CodeCode Available	1
Measuring Fairness of Text Classifiers via Prediction Sensitivity	Mar 16, 2022	Attributecounterfactual	—Unverified	0
One Agent To Rule Them All: Towards Multi-agent Conversational AI	Mar 15, 2022	AllConversational Response Selection	CodeCode Available	0
A Neural Pairwise Ranking Model for Readability Assessment	Mar 14, 2022	Cross-corpusmodel	CodeCode Available	0
Delta Tuning: A Comprehensive Study of Parameter Efficient Methods for Pre-trained Language Models	Mar 14, 2022	Text Classification	CodeCode Available	3
MarkBERT: Marking Word Boundaries Improves Chinese BERT	Mar 12, 2022	Chinese Named Entity Recognitionnamed-entity-recognition	CodeCode Available	1
A Survey of Adversarial Defences and Robustness in NLP	Mar 12, 2022	Adversarial Defensenamed-entity-recognition	—Unverified	0
QDrop: Randomly Dropping Quantization for Extremely Low-bit Post-Training Quantization	Mar 11, 2022	image-classificationImage Classification	CodeCode Available	2
TextConvoNet:A Convolutional Neural Network based Architecture for Text Classification	Mar 10, 2022	ClassificationSentence	—Unverified	0
Pretrained Domain-Specific Language Model for General Information Retrieval Tasks in the AEC Domain	Mar 9, 2022	Information RetrievalLanguage Modeling	CodeCode Available	1
Memory Efficient Continual Learning with Transformers	Mar 9, 2022	ClassificationContinual Learning	—Unverified	0
A practical framework for multi-domain speech recognition and an instance sampling method to neural language modeling	Mar 9, 2022	Automatic Speech RecognitionAutomatic Speech Recognition (ASR)	—Unverified	0
Incorporating Hierarchy into Text Encoder: a Contrastive Learning Approach for Hierarchical Text Classification	Mar 8, 2022	ClassificationContrastive Learning	CodeCode Available	1
Story Point Effort Estimation by Text Level Graph Neural Network	Mar 6, 2022	ClassificationGraph Neural Network	—Unverified	0
Graph Neural Network Enhanced Language Models for Efficient Multilingual Text Classification	Mar 6, 2022	Graph Neural NetworkMultilingual text classification	—Unverified	0
Detection of Word Adversarial Examples in Text Classification: Benchmark and Baseline via Robust Density Estimation	Mar 3, 2022	Adversarial DefenseDensity Estimation	CodeCode Available	0
Developing a Chatbot system using Deep Learning based for Universities consultancy	Feb 28, 2022	ChatbotDeep Learning	CodeCode Available	0
Cross-Lingual Text Classification with Multilingual Distillation and Zero-Shot-Aware Training	Feb 28, 2022	Language ModelingLanguage Modelling	—Unverified	0

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All datasets MTEB AG News DBpedia R8 TREC-6 20NEWS UK Key Stage Readability Ohsumed Yahoo! Answers MR Climabench NewsDiscourse

Benchmark Results

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	ST5-XXL	Accuracy	73.42	—	Unverified
2	ST5-XL	Accuracy	72.84	—	Unverified
3	ST5-Large	Accuracy	72.31	—	Unverified
4	Ada Similarity	Accuracy	70.44	—	Unverified
5	SGPT-5.8B-nli	Accuracy	70.14	—	Unverified
6	ST5-Base	Accuracy	69.81	—	Unverified
7	SGPT-5.8B-msmarco	Accuracy	68.13	—	Unverified
8	MPNet-multilingual	Accuracy	67.91	—	Unverified
9	GTR-XXL	Accuracy	67.41	—	Unverified
10	SimCSE-BERT-sup	Accuracy	67.32	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Mistral-Small-24B + CAPO	Error	15.7	—	Unverified
2	ToWE-SG	Error	14	—	Unverified
3	Qwen2.5-32B + CAPO	Error	12.93	—	Unverified
4	Llama-3.3-70B + CAPO	Error	11.2	—	Unverified
5	Seq2CNN with GWS(50)	Error	9.64	—	Unverified
6	Char-level CNN	Error	9.51	—	Unverified
7	SVDCNN	Error	9.45	—	Unverified
8	VDCN	Error	8.67	—	Unverified
9	Balanced+bi-leaf-RNN	Error	7.9	—	Unverified
10	CCCapsNet	Error	7.61	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Seq2CNN(50)	Error	2.77	—	Unverified
2	Char-level CNN	Error	1.55	—	Unverified
3	SWEM-concat	Error	1.43	—	Unverified
4	FastText	Error	1.4	—	Unverified
5	VDCN	Error	1.29	—	Unverified
6	CCCapsNet	Error	1.28	—	Unverified
7	Balanced+bi-leaf-RNN	Error	1.2	—	Unverified
8	BERT large UDA	Error	1.09	—	Unverified
9	M-ACNN	Error	1.07	—	Unverified
10	EXAM	Error	1	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	DeBERTa	Accuracy	98.45	—	Unverified
2	C-BERT (ESGNN + BERT)	Accuracy	98.28	—	Unverified
3	ESGNN	Accuracy	98.23	—	Unverified
4	RoBERTaGCN	Accuracy	98.2	—	Unverified
5	BERT	Accuracy	98.17	—	Unverified
6	SGNN	Accuracy	98.09	—	Unverified
7	ERNIE 2.0	Accuracy	98.04	—	Unverified
8	DistilBERT	Accuracy	97.98	—	Unverified
9	Our Model*	Accuracy	97.8	—	Unverified
10	ALBERTv2	Accuracy	97.62	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	TM-Glove	Error	9.96	—	Unverified
2	byte mLSTM7	Error	9.6	—	Unverified
3	SWEM-aver	Error	7.8	—	Unverified
4	DELTA (CNN)	Error	7.8	—	Unverified
5	Capsule-B	Error	7.2	—	Unverified
6	STM+TSED+PT+2L	Error	7.04	—	Unverified
7	GRU-RNN-GLOVE	Error	7	—	Unverified
8	MPAD-path	Error	6.2	—	Unverified
9	VLAWE	Error	5.8	—	Unverified
10	C-LSTM	Error	5.4	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	LinearSVM+TFIDF	Accuracy	93	—	Unverified
2	RoBERTaGCN	Accuracy	89.5	—	Unverified
3	SSGC	Accuracy	88.6	—	Unverified
4	SGC	Accuracy	88.5	—	Unverified
5	SGCN	Accuracy	88.5	—	Unverified
6	RMDL (15 RDLs)	Accuracy	87.91	—	Unverified
7	Sparse Tensor Classifier	Accuracy	87.3	—	Unverified
8	GraphStar	Accuracy	86.9	—	Unverified
9	NABoE-full	Accuracy	86.8	—	Unverified
10	Text GCN	Accuracy	86.34	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	ELECTRA + ANN	F1	99.6	—	Unverified
2	ERNIE + ANN	F1	99.4	—	Unverified
3	XLNet + ANN	F1	99.2	—	Unverified
4	RoBERTa + ANN	F1	98.7	—	Unverified
5	Longformer + ANN	F1	93.9	—	Unverified
6	BERT + ANN	F1	90.5	—	Unverified
7	ALBERT + ANN	F1	79.7	—	Unverified
8	BERT	F1	75	—	Unverified
9	DistilBERT	F1	74.4	—	Unverified
10	XLNet	F1	74	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	RoBERTaGCN	Accuracy	72.8	—	Unverified
2	Our Model*	Accuracy	69.4	—	Unverified
3	SSGC	Accuracy	68.5	—	Unverified
4	SGC	Accuracy	68.5	—	Unverified
5	SGCN	Accuracy	68.5	—	Unverified
6	Text GCN	Accuracy	68.36	—	Unverified
7	GraphStar	Accuracy	64.2	—	Unverified
8	ApproxRepSet	Accuracy	64.06	—	Unverified
9	REL-RWMD k-NN	Accuracy	58.74	—	Unverified
10	CNN+Lowercased	Accuracy	36.2	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	BERT-ITPT-FiT	Accuracy	77.62	—	Unverified
2	DRNN	Accuracy	76.26	—	Unverified
3	DELTA (HAN)	Accuracy	75.1	—	Unverified
4	EXAM	Accuracy	74.8	—	Unverified
5	DNC+CUW	Accuracy	74.3	—	Unverified
6	ULMFiT (Small data)	Accuracy	74.3	—	Unverified
7	CCCapsNet	Accuracy	73.85	—	Unverified
8	SWEM-concat	Accuracy	73.53	—	Unverified
9	FastText	Accuracy	72.3	—	Unverified
10	Seq2CNN(50)	Accuracy	55.39	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	DeBERTa	Accuracy	90.21	—	Unverified
2	RoBERTaGCN	Accuracy	89.7	—	Unverified
3	ERNIE 2.0 (optimized)	Accuracy	89.53	—	Unverified
4	RoBERTa	Accuracy	89.42	—	Unverified
5	ERNIE 2.0	Accuracy	88.97	—	Unverified
6	BERT	Accuracy	86.94	—	Unverified
7	ALBERTv2	Accuracy	86.02	—	Unverified
8	DistilBERT	Accuracy	85.31	—	Unverified
9	SSGC	Accuracy	76.7	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	CliReBERT (P0L3/clirebert_clirevocab_uncased)	Evaluation Macro F1	0.65	—	Unverified
2	ClimateBERT (climatebert/distilroberta-base-climate-f)	Evaluation Macro F1	0.64	—	Unverified
3	BERT (google-bert/bert-base-uncased)	Evaluation Macro F1	0.61	—	Unverified
4	CliSciBERT (P0L3/cliscibert_scivocab_uncased)	Evaluation Macro F1	0.61	—	Unverified
5	SciBERT (allenai/scibert_scivocab_cased)	Evaluation Macro F1	0.59	—	Unverified
6	DistilRoBERTa (distilbert/distilroberta-base)	Evaluation Macro F1	0.58	—	Unverified
7	SciClimateBERT (P0L3/sciclimatebert)	Evaluation Macro F1	0.58	—	Unverified
8	RoBERTa (FacebookAI/roberta-base)	Evaluation Macro F1	0.57	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Human (Post-Rec.) (Spangher et al., 2021)	macro F1	73.69	—	Unverified
2	MT-Mac (Spangher et al., 2021)	macro F1	63.46	—	Unverified
3	MT-Mic (Spangher et al., 2021)	macro F1	61.89	—	Unverified
4	RL-IP/TT (Choubey et al., 2021)	macro F1	57	—	Unverified
5	Document LSTM + Document encoding (Choubey et al., 2020)	macro F1	54.4	—	Unverified
6	CRF Fine-grained (Choubey et al., 2020)	macro F1	52.9	—	Unverified
7	Human (Blind) (Spangher et al., 2021)	macro F1	46.18	—	Unverified
8	Feature-based (SVM) (Choubey et al., 2020)	macro F1	38.3	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	1-6 BertGCN	Accuracy	96.6	—	Unverified
2	GraphStar	Accuracy	95	—	Unverified
3	Our Model*	Accuracy	94.6	—	Unverified
4	SSGC	Accuracy	94.5	—	Unverified
5	SGC	Accuracy	94	—	Unverified
6	SGCN	Accuracy	94	—	Unverified
7	Text GCN	Accuracy	93.56	—	Unverified
8	TM-Glove	Accuracy	89.14	—	Unverified