Hate Speech Detection

Hate speech detection is the task of detecting if communication such as text, audio, and so on contains hatred and or encourages violence towards a person or a group of people. This is usually based on prejudice against 'protected characteristics' such as their ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, religion, age et al. Some example benchmarks are ETHOS and HateXplain. Models can be evaluated with metrics like the F-score or F-measure.

Papers

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Showing 51–75 of 507 papers

Title	Date	Tasks	Status	Hype
CLIcK: A Benchmark Dataset of Cultural and Linguistic Intelligence in Korean	Mar 11, 2024	Hate Speech Detection	CodeCode Available	1
An Effective, Robust and Fairness-aware Hate Speech Detection Framework	Sep 25, 2024	FairnessHate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
Analyzing the Real Vulnerability of Hate Speech Detection Systems against Targeted Intentional Noise	Oct 1, 2022	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
Accounting for Offensive Speech as a Practice of Resistance	Jul 1, 2022	Hate Speech DetectionPhilosophy	—Unverified	0
A systematic review of Hate Speech automatic detection using Natural Language Processing	May 22, 2021	Deep LearningHate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
A Systematic Analysis on the Temporal Generalization of Language Models in Social Media	May 15, 2024	Hate Speech Detectionnamed-entity-recognition	—Unverified	0
Analysis and Detection of Multilingual Hate Speech Using Transformer Based Deep Learning	Jan 19, 2024	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
A Survey on Hate Speech Detection using Natural Language Processing	Apr 1, 2017	Hate Speech DetectionSurvey	—Unverified	0
A Survey on Automatic Online Hate Speech Detection in Low-Resource Languages	Nov 28, 2024	Hate Speech DetectionSurvey	—Unverified	0
A Target-Aware Analysis of Data Augmentation for Hate Speech Detection	Oct 10, 2024	Data AugmentationHate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
AtteSTNet -- An attention and subword tokenization based approach for code-switched text hate speech detection	Dec 10, 2021	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
A Turkish Hate Speech Dataset and Detection System	Jun 1, 2022	Binary ClassificationHate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
A multilingual dataset for offensive language and hate speech detection for hausa, yoruba and igbo languages	Jun 4, 2024	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
Afaan Oromo Hate Speech Detection and Classification on Social Media	Jun 1, 2022	ClassificationHate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
Code-switching patterns can be an effective route to improve performance of downstream NLP applications: A case study of humour, sarcasm and hate speech detection	May 5, 2020	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
A Study on Bias Detection and Classification in Natural Language Processing	Aug 14, 2024	Bias DetectionHate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
Adversarial Attacks and Defenses for Social Network Text Processing Applications: Techniques, Challenges and Future Research Directions	Oct 26, 2021	Hate Speech DetectionMisinformation	—Unverified	0
American Hate Crime Trends Prediction with Event Extraction	Nov 9, 2021	Event ExtractionHate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
Assessing the impact of contextual information in hate speech detection	Oct 2, 2022	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
Measuring Catastrophic Forgetting in Cross-Lingual Transfer Paradigms: Exploring Tuning Strategies	Sep 12, 2023	Cross-Lingual TransferHate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
ARGUABLY at ComMA@ICON: Detection of Multilingual Aggressive, Gender Biased, and Communally Charged Tweets Using Ensemble and Fine-Tuned IndicBERT	Dec 1, 2021	Hate Speech DetectionMulti-class Classification	—Unverified	0
ALT Submission for OSACT Shared Task on Offensive Language Detection	May 1, 2020	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
Addressing the Challenges of Cross-Lingual Hate Speech Detection	Jan 15, 2022	Cross-Lingual TransferCross-Lingual Word Embeddings	—Unverified	0
A Review of Challenges in Machine Learning based Automated Hate Speech Detection	Sep 12, 2022	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
ARC-NLP at Multimodal Hate Speech Event Detection 2023: Multimodal Methods Boosted by Ensemble Learning, Syntactical and Entity Features	Jul 25, 2023	ARCDeep Learning	—Unverified	0

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All datasets Ethos Binary HateXplain Ethos MultiLabel Waseem et al., 2018 AbusEval Automatic Misogynistic Identification HateMM HatEval OffensEval 2019 ToLD-Br bajer_danish_misogyny DKhate

Benchmark Results

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	BiLSTM + static BE	F1-score	0.8	—	Unverified
2	BERT	F1-score	0.79	—	Unverified
3	BiLSTM+Attention+FT	F1-score	0.77	—	Unverified
4	OPT-175B (few-shot)	F1-score	0.76	—	Unverified
5	CNN+Attention+FT+GV	F1-score	0.74	—	Unverified
6	OPT-175B (one-shot)	F1-score	0.71	—	Unverified
7	OPT-175B (zero-shot)	F1-score	0.67	—	Unverified
8	SVM	F1-score	0.66	—	Unverified
9	Random Forests	F1-score	0.64	—	Unverified
10	Davinci (zero-shot)	F1-score	0.63	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	BERT-MRP	AUROC	0.86	—	Unverified
2	BERT-RP	AUROC	0.85	—	Unverified
3	BERT-HateXplain [Attn]	AUROC	0.85	—	Unverified
4	BERT-HateXplain [LIME]	AUROC	0.85	—	Unverified
5	BERT [Attn]	AUROC	0.84	—	Unverified
6	BiRNN-HateXplain [Attn]	AUROC	0.81	—	Unverified
7	BiRNN-Attn [Attn]	AUROC	0.8	—	Unverified
8	CNN-GRU [LIME]	AUROC	0.79	—	Unverified
9	BiRNN [LIME]	AUROC	0.77	—	Unverified
10	XG-HSI-BERT	Accuracy	0.75	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	MLARAM	Hamming Loss	0.29	—	Unverified
2	MLkNN	Hamming Loss	0.16	—	Unverified
3	Binary Relevance	Hamming Loss	0.14	—	Unverified
4	Neural Classifier Chains	Hamming Loss	0.13	—	Unverified
5	Neural Binary Relevance	Hamming Loss	0.11	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Mozafari et al., 2019	AAA	50.94	—	Unverified
2	SVM	AAA	46.51	—	Unverified
3	Kennedy et al., 2020	AAA	45.5	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	HateBERT	Macro F1	0.74	—	Unverified
2	BERT	Macro F1	0.72	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	mBert	Accuracy	0.83	—	Unverified
2	Logistic Regression	Accuracy	0.7	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	HXP + CLAP + CLIP	TEST F1 (macro)	0.85	—	Unverified
2	BERT + ViT + MFCC	TEST F1 (macro)	0.79	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	HateBERT	Macro F1	0.49	—	Unverified
2	BERT	Macro F1	0.48	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	HateBERT	Macro F1	0.81	—	Unverified
2	BERT	Macro F1	0.8	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Multilingual BERT	F1-score	0.75	—	Unverified
2	AutoML	F1-score	0.74	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	AOM mBERT	F1	0.85	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Baseline	F1	0.7	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	RoBERTa-large-ST	Macro F1	80.7	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Baseline BERT (task A)	F1	0.77	—	Unverified