Hate Speech Detection

Hate speech detection is the task of detecting if communication such as text, audio, and so on contains hatred and or encourages violence towards a person or a group of people. This is usually based on prejudice against 'protected characteristics' such as their ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, religion, age et al. Some example benchmarks are ETHOS and HateXplain. Models can be evaluated with metrics like the F-score or F-measure.

Papers

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Showing 51–75 of 507 papers

Title	Date	Tasks	Status	Hype
Incorporating Human Explanations for Robust Hate Speech Detection	Nov 9, 2024	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
ImpScore: A Learnable Metric For Quantifying The Implicitness Level of Language	Nov 7, 2024	Contrastive LearningHate Speech Detection	CodeCode Available	0
Multi3Hate: Multimodal, Multilingual, and Multicultural Hate Speech Detection with Vision-Language Models	Nov 6, 2024	Hate Speech DetectionNavigate	CodeCode Available	1
Who Speaks Matters: Analysing the Influence of the Speaker's Ethnicity on Hate Classification	Oct 27, 2024	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
DefVerify: Do Hate Speech Models Reflect Their Dataset's Definition?	Oct 21, 2024	Hate Speech Detection	CodeCode Available	0
BanTH: A Multi-label Hate Speech Detection Dataset for Transliterated Bangla	Oct 17, 2024	ClassificationHate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
Exploring Large Language Models for Hate Speech Detection in Rioplatense Spanish	Oct 16, 2024	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
"Is Hate Lost in Translation?": Evaluation of Multilingual LGBTQIA+ Hate Speech Detection	Oct 15, 2024	Hate Speech DetectionMachine Translation	—Unverified	0
A Target-Aware Analysis of Data Augmentation for Hate Speech Detection	Oct 10, 2024	Data AugmentationHate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
Human and LLM Biases in Hate Speech Annotations: A Socio-Demographic Analysis of Annotators and Targets	Oct 10, 2024	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
Bridging Modalities: Enhancing Cross-Modality Hate Speech Detection with Few-Shot In-Context Learning	Oct 8, 2024	Few-Shot LearningHate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
Hate Speech Detection Using Cross-Platform Social Media Data In English and German Language	Oct 2, 2024	ClassificationHate Speech Detection	CodeCode Available	0
ThreatGram 101 - Extreme Telegram Replies Data with Threat Levels	Sep 30, 2024	Abusive LanguageHate Speech Detection	CodeCode Available	0
What is the social benefit of hate speech detection research? A Systematic Review	Sep 26, 2024	Hate Speech DetectionPosition	—Unverified	0
Leveraging Annotator Disagreement for Text Classification	Sep 26, 2024	ClassificationHate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
An Effective, Robust and Fairness-aware Hate Speech Detection Framework	Sep 25, 2024	FairnessHate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
SWE2: SubWord Enriched and Significant Word Emphasized Framework for Hate Speech Detection	Sep 25, 2024	Adversarial AttackHate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
Safe Guard: an LLM-agent for Real-time Voice-based Hate Speech Detection in Social Virtual Reality	Sep 23, 2024	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
Trustworthy Hate Speech Detection Through Visual Augmentation	Sep 20, 2024	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
DetoxBench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Multitask Fraud & Abuse Detection	Sep 9, 2024	Abuse DetectionAbusive Language	—Unverified	0
Mpox Narrative on Instagram: A Labeled Multilingual Dataset of Instagram Posts on Mpox for Sentiment, Hate Speech, and Anxiety Analysis	Sep 9, 2024	Hate Speech DetectionSentiment Analysis	—Unverified	0
MHS-STMA: Multimodal Hate Speech Detection via Scalable Transformer-Based Multilevel Attention Framework	Sep 8, 2024	ArticlesHate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
Chain-of-Translation Prompting (CoTR): A Novel Prompting Technique for Low Resource Languages	Sep 6, 2024	Hate Speech DetectionSentiment Analysis	—Unverified	0
Crowd-Calibrator: Can Annotator Disagreement Inform Calibration in Subjective Tasks?	Aug 26, 2024	Decision MakingHate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
A Study on Bias Detection and Classification in Natural Language Processing	Aug 14, 2024	Bias DetectionHate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0

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All datasets Ethos Binary HateXplain Ethos MultiLabel Waseem et al., 2018 AbusEval Automatic Misogynistic Identification HateMM HatEval OffensEval 2019 ToLD-Br bajer_danish_misogyny DKhate

Benchmark Results

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	BiLSTM + static BE	F1-score	0.8	—	Unverified
2	BERT	F1-score	0.79	—	Unverified
3	BiLSTM+Attention+FT	F1-score	0.77	—	Unverified
4	OPT-175B (few-shot)	F1-score	0.76	—	Unverified
5	CNN+Attention+FT+GV	F1-score	0.74	—	Unverified
6	OPT-175B (one-shot)	F1-score	0.71	—	Unverified
7	OPT-175B (zero-shot)	F1-score	0.67	—	Unverified
8	SVM	F1-score	0.66	—	Unverified
9	Random Forests	F1-score	0.64	—	Unverified
10	Davinci (zero-shot)	F1-score	0.63	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	BERT-MRP	AUROC	0.86	—	Unverified
2	BERT-RP	AUROC	0.85	—	Unverified
3	BERT-HateXplain [LIME]	AUROC	0.85	—	Unverified
4	BERT-HateXplain [Attn]	AUROC	0.85	—	Unverified
5	BERT [Attn]	AUROC	0.84	—	Unverified
6	BiRNN-HateXplain [Attn]	AUROC	0.81	—	Unverified
7	BiRNN-Attn [Attn]	AUROC	0.8	—	Unverified
8	CNN-GRU [LIME]	AUROC	0.79	—	Unverified
9	BiRNN [LIME]	AUROC	0.77	—	Unverified
10	XG-HSI-BERT	Accuracy	0.75	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	MLARAM	Hamming Loss	0.29	—	Unverified
2	MLkNN	Hamming Loss	0.16	—	Unverified
3	Binary Relevance	Hamming Loss	0.14	—	Unverified
4	Neural Classifier Chains	Hamming Loss	0.13	—	Unverified
5	Neural Binary Relevance	Hamming Loss	0.11	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Mozafari et al., 2019	AAA	50.94	—	Unverified
2	SVM	AAA	46.51	—	Unverified
3	Kennedy et al., 2020	AAA	45.5	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	HateBERT	Macro F1	0.74	—	Unverified
2	BERT	Macro F1	0.72	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	mBert	Accuracy	0.83	—	Unverified
2	Logistic Regression	Accuracy	0.7	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	HXP + CLAP + CLIP	TEST F1 (macro)	0.85	—	Unverified
2	BERT + ViT + MFCC	TEST F1 (macro)	0.79	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	HateBERT	Macro F1	0.49	—	Unverified
2	BERT	Macro F1	0.48	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	HateBERT	Macro F1	0.81	—	Unverified
2	BERT	Macro F1	0.8	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Multilingual BERT	F1-score	0.75	—	Unverified
2	AutoML	F1-score	0.74	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	AOM mBERT	F1	0.85	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Baseline	F1	0.7	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	RoBERTa-large-ST	Macro F1	80.7	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Baseline BERT (task A)	F1	0.77	—	Unverified