Hate Speech Detection

Hate speech detection is the task of detecting if communication such as text, audio, and so on contains hatred and or encourages violence towards a person or a group of people. This is usually based on prejudice against 'protected characteristics' such as their ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, religion, age et al. Some example benchmarks are ETHOS and HateXplain. Models can be evaluated with metrics like the F-score or F-measure.

Papers

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Showing 476–500 of 507 papers

Title	Date	Tasks	Status
Author Profiling for Hate Speech Detection	Feb 14, 2019	16kAuthor Profiling	—Unverified
Hateminers : Detecting Hate speech against Women	Dec 17, 2018	BIG-bench Machine LearningHate Speech Detection	CodeCode Available
Hate Speech Detection from Code-mixed Hindi-English Tweets Using Deep Learning Models	Nov 13, 2018	Hate Speech Detection	CodeCode Available
Interpreting Neural Network Hate Speech Classifiers	Oct 1, 2018	Hate Speech DetectionText Classification	—Unverified
Why Swear? Analyzing and Inferring the Intentions of Vulgar Expressions	Oct 1, 2018	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified
The Effects of User Features on Twitter Hate Speech Detection	Oct 1, 2018	ClassificationGeneral Classification	—Unverified
Determining Code Words in Euphemistic Hate Speech Using Word Embedding Networks	Oct 1, 2018	Abuse DetectionAbusive Language	—Unverified
Predictive Embeddings for Hate Speech Detection on Twitter	Sep 27, 2018	Hate Speech DetectionWord Embeddings	—Unverified
Detecting Hate Speech and Offensive Language on Twitter using Machine Learning: An N-gram and TFIDF based Approach	Sep 23, 2018	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified
Hate Speech Dataset from a White Supremacy Forum	Sep 12, 2018	Hate Speech DetectionSentence	CodeCode Available
Hierarchical CVAE for Fine-Grained Hate Speech Classification	Aug 31, 2018	Binary ClassificationClassification	—Unverified
All You Need is "Love": Evading Hate-speech Detection	Aug 28, 2018	AllHate Speech Detection	—Unverified
Fully Connected Neural Network with Advance Preprocessor to Identify Aggression over Facebook and Twitter	Aug 1, 2018	Aggression IdentificationHate Speech Detection	—Unverified
Aggression Detection in Social Media: Using Deep Neural Networks, Data Augmentation, and Pseudo Labeling	Aug 1, 2018	Data AugmentationFeature Engineering	—Unverified
Detecting Offensive Tweets in Hindi-English Code-Switched Language	Jul 1, 2018	General ClassificationHate Speech Detection	—Unverified
A Dataset of Hindi-English Code-Mixed Social Media Text for Hate Speech Detection	Jun 1, 2018	General ClassificationHate Speech Detection	—Unverified
HashCount at SemEval-2018 Task 3: Concatenative Featurization of Tweet and Hashtags for Irony Detection	Jun 1, 2018	Feature EngineeringHate Speech Detection	—Unverified
Examining a hate speech corpus for hate speech detection and popularity prediction	May 12, 2018	Hate Speech Detection	CodeCode Available
Improving Hate Speech Detection with Deep Learning Ensembles	May 1, 2018	Deep LearningHate Speech Detection	CodeCode Available
Leveraging Intra-User and Inter-User Representation Learning for Automated Hate Speech Detection	Apr 9, 2018	Hate Speech DetectionRepresentation Learning	—Unverified
Hate Speech Detection: A Solved Problem? The Challenging Case of Long Tail on Twitter	Feb 27, 2018	Hate Speech Detection	CodeCode Available
Surfacing contextual hate speech words within social media	Nov 28, 2017	Community DetectionGeneral Classification	CodeCode Available
Recognizing Explicit and Implicit Hate Speech Using a Weakly Supervised Two-path Bootstrapping Approach	Oct 20, 2017	General ClassificationHate Speech Detection	—Unverified
Detecting Online Hate Speech Using Context Aware Models	Oct 20, 2017	Hate Speech Detection	CodeCode Available
Class-based Prediction Errors to Detect Hate Speech with Out-of-vocabulary Words	Aug 1, 2017	Adversarial AttackHate Speech Detection	—Unverified

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All datasets Ethos Binary HateXplain Ethos MultiLabel Waseem et al., 2018 AbusEval Automatic Misogynistic Identification HateMM HatEval OffensEval 2019 ToLD-Br bajer_danish_misogyny DKhate

Benchmark Results

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	BiLSTM + static BE	F1-score	0.8	—	Unverified
2	BERT	F1-score	0.79	—	Unverified
3	BiLSTM+Attention+FT	F1-score	0.77	—	Unverified
4	OPT-175B (few-shot)	F1-score	0.76	—	Unverified
5	CNN+Attention+FT+GV	F1-score	0.74	—	Unverified
6	OPT-175B (one-shot)	F1-score	0.71	—	Unverified
7	OPT-175B (zero-shot)	F1-score	0.67	—	Unverified
8	SVM	F1-score	0.66	—	Unverified
9	Random Forests	F1-score	0.64	—	Unverified
10	Davinci (zero-shot)	F1-score	0.63	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	BERT-MRP	AUROC	0.86	—	Unverified
2	BERT-RP	AUROC	0.85	—	Unverified
3	BERT-HateXplain [LIME]	AUROC	0.85	—	Unverified
4	BERT-HateXplain [Attn]	AUROC	0.85	—	Unverified
5	BERT [Attn]	AUROC	0.84	—	Unverified
6	BiRNN-HateXplain [Attn]	AUROC	0.81	—	Unverified
7	BiRNN-Attn [Attn]	AUROC	0.8	—	Unverified
8	CNN-GRU [LIME]	AUROC	0.79	—	Unverified
9	BiRNN [LIME]	AUROC	0.77	—	Unverified
10	XG-HSI-BERT	Accuracy	0.75	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	MLARAM	Hamming Loss	0.29	—	Unverified
2	MLkNN	Hamming Loss	0.16	—	Unverified
3	Binary Relevance	Hamming Loss	0.14	—	Unverified
4	Neural Classifier Chains	Hamming Loss	0.13	—	Unverified
5	Neural Binary Relevance	Hamming Loss	0.11	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Mozafari et al., 2019	AAA	50.94	—	Unverified
2	SVM	AAA	46.51	—	Unverified
3	Kennedy et al., 2020	AAA	45.5	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	HateBERT	Macro F1	0.74	—	Unverified
2	BERT	Macro F1	0.72	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	mBert	Accuracy	0.83	—	Unverified
2	Logistic Regression	Accuracy	0.7	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	HXP + CLAP + CLIP	TEST F1 (macro)	0.85	—	Unverified
2	BERT + ViT + MFCC	TEST F1 (macro)	0.79	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	HateBERT	Macro F1	0.49	—	Unverified
2	BERT	Macro F1	0.48	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	HateBERT	Macro F1	0.81	—	Unverified
2	BERT	Macro F1	0.8	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Multilingual BERT	F1-score	0.75	—	Unverified
2	AutoML	F1-score	0.74	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	AOM mBERT	F1	0.85	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Baseline	F1	0.7	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	RoBERTa-large-ST	Macro F1	80.7	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Baseline BERT (task A)	F1	0.77	—	Unverified