Hate Speech Detection

Hate speech detection is the task of detecting if communication such as text, audio, and so on contains hatred and or encourages violence towards a person or a group of people. This is usually based on prejudice against 'protected characteristics' such as their ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, religion, age et al. Some example benchmarks are ETHOS and HateXplain. Models can be evaluated with metrics like the F-score or F-measure.

Papers

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Showing 426–450 of 507 papers

Title	Date	Tasks	Status	Hype
A Comparative Study of Different State-of-the-Art Hate Speech Detection Methods in Hindi-English Code-Mixed Data	May 1, 2020	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
OSACT4 Shared Tasks: Ensembled Stacked Classification for Offensive and Hate Speech in Arabic Tweets	May 1, 2020	General ClassificationHate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
Arabic Offensive Language Detection with Attention-based Deep Neural Networks	May 1, 2020	Abusive LanguageBIG-bench Machine Learning	—Unverified	0
ALT Submission for OSACT Shared Task on Offensive Language Detection	May 1, 2020	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
Multitask Learning for Arabic Offensive Language and Hate-Speech Detection	May 1, 2020	Hate Speech DetectionTransfer Learning	—Unverified	0
Deep Learning Models for Multilingual Hate Speech Detection	Apr 14, 2020	Deep LearningHate Speech Detection	CodeCode Available	1
Cross-lingual Zero- and Few-shot Hate Speech Detection Utilising Frozen Transformer Language Models and AXEL	Apr 13, 2020	Few-Shot LearningGeneral Classification	—Unverified	0
Classification Benchmarks for Under-resourced Bengali Language based on Multichannel Convolutional-LSTM Network	Apr 11, 2020	ArticlesClassification	CodeCode Available	1
A Legal Approach to Hate Speech -- Operationalizing the EU's Legal Framework against the Expression of Hatred as an NLP Task	Apr 7, 2020	Decision MakingHate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
4chan & 8chan embeddings	Apr 2, 2020	Hate Speech DetectionWord Embeddings	—Unverified	0
Multilingual Twitter Corpus and Baselines for Evaluating Demographic Bias in Hate Speech Recognition	Feb 24, 2020	Document ClassificationFairness	CodeCode Available	1
Evaluating Semantic Feature Representations to Efficiently Detect Hate Intent on Social Media	Feb 1, 2020	General ClassificationHate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
Comparison Between Traditional Machine Learning Models And Neural Network Models For Vietnamese Hate Speech Detection	Jan 31, 2020	BIG-bench Machine LearningHate Speech Detection	CodeCode Available	0
Stereotypical Bias Removal for Hate Speech Detection Task using Knowledge-based Generalizations	Jan 15, 2020	Abuse DetectionHate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
Towards countering hate speech against journalists on social media	Dec 5, 2019	Active LearningHate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
Hate Speech Detection on Vietnamese Social Media Text using the Bi-GRU-LSTM-CNN Model	Nov 9, 2019	Hate Speech DetectionVietnamese Hate Speech Detection	CodeCode Available	0
Hate Speech Detection on Vietnamese Social Media Text using the Bidirectional-LSTM Model	Nov 9, 2019	BIG-bench Machine LearningHate Speech Detection	CodeCode Available	0
A BERT-Based Transfer Learning Approach for Hate Speech Detection in Online Social Media	Oct 28, 2019	Hate Speech DetectionLanguage Modelling	CodeCode Available	0
VAIS Hate Speech Detection System: A Deep Learning based Approach for System Combination	Oct 12, 2019	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
Exploring Hate Speech Detection in Multimodal Publications	Oct 9, 2019	Hate Speech Detection	CodeCode Available	0
Voice for the Voiceless: Active Sampling to Detect Comments Supporting the Rohingyas	Oct 8, 2019	Active LearningHate Speech Detection	—Unverified	0
Hate Speech in Pixels: Detection of Offensive Memes towards Automatic Moderation	Oct 5, 2019	Hate Speech Detection	CodeCode Available	0
DistilBERT, a distilled version of BERT: smaller, faster, cheaper and lighter	Oct 2, 2019	Hate Speech DetectionKnowledge Distillation	CodeCode Available	1
Prediction Uncertainty Estimation for Hate Speech Classification	Sep 16, 2019	Bayesian InferenceClassification	—Unverified	0
Offence in Dialogues: A Corpus-Based Study	Sep 1, 2019	Hate Speech Detection	CodeCode Available	0

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All datasets Ethos Binary HateXplain Ethos MultiLabel Waseem et al., 2018 AbusEval Automatic Misogynistic Identification HateMM HatEval OffensEval 2019 ToLD-Br bajer_danish_misogyny DKhate

Benchmark Results

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	BiLSTM + static BE	F1-score	0.8	—	Unverified
2	BERT	F1-score	0.79	—	Unverified
3	BiLSTM+Attention+FT	F1-score	0.77	—	Unverified
4	OPT-175B (few-shot)	F1-score	0.76	—	Unverified
5	CNN+Attention+FT+GV	F1-score	0.74	—	Unverified
6	OPT-175B (one-shot)	F1-score	0.71	—	Unverified
7	OPT-175B (zero-shot)	F1-score	0.67	—	Unverified
8	SVM	F1-score	0.66	—	Unverified
9	Random Forests	F1-score	0.64	—	Unverified
10	Davinci (zero-shot)	F1-score	0.63	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	BERT-MRP	AUROC	0.86	—	Unverified
2	BERT-RP	AUROC	0.85	—	Unverified
3	BERT-HateXplain [Attn]	AUROC	0.85	—	Unverified
4	BERT-HateXplain [LIME]	AUROC	0.85	—	Unverified
5	BERT [Attn]	AUROC	0.84	—	Unverified
6	BiRNN-HateXplain [Attn]	AUROC	0.81	—	Unverified
7	BiRNN-Attn [Attn]	AUROC	0.8	—	Unverified
8	CNN-GRU [LIME]	AUROC	0.79	—	Unverified
9	BiRNN [LIME]	AUROC	0.77	—	Unverified
10	XG-HSI-BERT	Accuracy	0.75	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	MLARAM	Hamming Loss	0.29	—	Unverified
2	MLkNN	Hamming Loss	0.16	—	Unverified
3	Binary Relevance	Hamming Loss	0.14	—	Unverified
4	Neural Classifier Chains	Hamming Loss	0.13	—	Unverified
5	Neural Binary Relevance	Hamming Loss	0.11	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Mozafari et al., 2019	AAA	50.94	—	Unverified
2	SVM	AAA	46.51	—	Unverified
3	Kennedy et al., 2020	AAA	45.5	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	HateBERT	Macro F1	0.74	—	Unverified
2	BERT	Macro F1	0.72	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	mBert	Accuracy	0.83	—	Unverified
2	Logistic Regression	Accuracy	0.7	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	HXP + CLAP + CLIP	TEST F1 (macro)	0.85	—	Unverified
2	BERT + ViT + MFCC	TEST F1 (macro)	0.79	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	HateBERT	Macro F1	0.49	—	Unverified
2	BERT	Macro F1	0.48	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	HateBERT	Macro F1	0.81	—	Unverified
2	BERT	Macro F1	0.8	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Multilingual BERT	F1-score	0.75	—	Unverified
2	AutoML	F1-score	0.74	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	AOM mBERT	F1	0.85	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Baseline	F1	0.7	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	RoBERTa-large-ST	Macro F1	80.7	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Baseline BERT (task A)	F1	0.77	—	Unverified