Hate Speech Detection

Hate speech detection is the task of detecting if communication such as text, audio, and so on contains hatred and or encourages violence towards a person or a group of people. This is usually based on prejudice against 'protected characteristics' such as their ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, religion, age et al. Some example benchmarks are ETHOS and HateXplain. Models can be evaluated with metrics like the F-score or F-measure.

Papers

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Showing 301–325 of 507 papers

Title	Date	Tasks	Status
Analyzing the Real Vulnerability of Hate Speech Detection Systems against Targeted Intentional Noise	Oct 1, 2022	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified
Know-Center at SemEval-2019 Task 5: Multilingual Hate Speech Detection on Twitter using CNNs	Jun 1, 2019	Hate Speech DetectionWord Embeddings	—Unverified
L3Cube-MahaHate: A Tweet-based Marathi Hate Speech Detection Dataset and BERT models	Mar 25, 2022	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified
L3Cube-MahaNLP: Marathi Natural Language Processing Datasets, Models, and Library	May 29, 2022	Hate Speech DetectionLanguage Modeling	—Unverified
ToKen: Task Decomposition and Knowledge Infusion for Few-Shot Hate Speech Detection	May 25, 2022	Cultural Vocal Bursts Intensity PredictionFew-Shot Learning	—Unverified
LAHM : Large Annotated Dataset for Multi-Domain and Multilingual Hate Speech Identification	Apr 3, 2023	ClassificationHate Speech Detection	—Unverified
LAMPO: Large Language Models as Preference Machines for Few-shot Ordinal Classification	Aug 6, 2024	Hate Speech DetectionOrdinal Classification	—Unverified
Large-Scale Hate Speech Detection with Cross-Domain Transfer	Oct 16, 2021	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified
Analysis and Detection of Multilingual Hate Speech Using Transformer Based Deep Learning	Jan 19, 2024	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified
A multilingual dataset for offensive language and hate speech detection for hausa, yoruba and igbo languages	Jun 4, 2024	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified
Towards A Multi-agent System for Online Hate Speech Detection	May 3, 2021	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified
Learning Domain Terms - Empirical Methods to Enhance Enterprise Text Analytics Performance	Dec 1, 2020	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified
American Hate Crime Trends Prediction with Event Extraction	Nov 9, 2021	Event ExtractionHate Speech Detection	—Unverified
Leveraging Affective Bidirectional Transformers for Offensive Language Detection	May 16, 2020	Data AugmentationFeature Engineering	—Unverified
Leveraging Annotator Disagreement for Text Classification	Sep 26, 2024	ClassificationHate Speech Detection	—Unverified
Leveraging cross-platform data to improve automated hate speech detection	Feb 9, 2021	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified
Leveraging Intra-User and Inter-User Representation Learning for Automated Hate Speech Detection	Apr 9, 2018	Hate Speech DetectionRepresentation Learning	—Unverified
Wisdom of Instruction-Tuned Language Model Crowds. Exploring Model Label Variation	Jul 24, 2023	Few-Shot LearningHate Speech Detection	—Unverified
Leveraging Language Identification to Enhance Code-Mixed Text Classification	Jun 8, 2023	ClassificationHate Speech Detection	—Unverified
Towards Argument Mining for Social Good: A Survey	Aug 1, 2021	Argument MiningFact Checking	—Unverified
Watching the Watchers: A Comparative Fairness Audit of Cloud-based Content Moderation Services	Jun 20, 2024	counterfactualFairness	—Unverified
Leveraging Transformers for Hate Speech Detection in Conversational Code-Mixed Tweets	Dec 18, 2021	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified
Leveraging Weakly Annotated Data for Hate Speech Detection in Code-Mixed Hinglish: A Feasibility-Driven Transfer Learning Approach with Large Language Models	Mar 4, 2024	Few-Shot LearningHate Speech Detection	—Unverified
Leveraging World Knowledge in Implicit Hate Speech Detection	Dec 28, 2022	Entity LinkingHate Speech Detection	—Unverified
Towards Code-switched Classification Exploiting Constituent Language Resources	Nov 3, 2020	ClassificationGeneral Classification	—Unverified

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All datasets Ethos Binary HateXplain Ethos MultiLabel Waseem et al., 2018 AbusEval Automatic Misogynistic Identification HateMM HatEval OffensEval 2019 ToLD-Br bajer_danish_misogyny DKhate

Benchmark Results

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	BiLSTM + static BE	F1-score	0.8	—	Unverified
2	BERT	F1-score	0.79	—	Unverified
3	BiLSTM+Attention+FT	F1-score	0.77	—	Unverified
4	OPT-175B (few-shot)	F1-score	0.76	—	Unverified
5	CNN+Attention+FT+GV	F1-score	0.74	—	Unverified
6	OPT-175B (one-shot)	F1-score	0.71	—	Unverified
7	OPT-175B (zero-shot)	F1-score	0.67	—	Unverified
8	SVM	F1-score	0.66	—	Unverified
9	Random Forests	F1-score	0.64	—	Unverified
10	Davinci (zero-shot)	F1-score	0.63	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	BERT-MRP	AUROC	0.86	—	Unverified
2	BERT-RP	AUROC	0.85	—	Unverified
3	BERT-HateXplain [Attn]	AUROC	0.85	—	Unverified
4	BERT-HateXplain [LIME]	AUROC	0.85	—	Unverified
5	BERT [Attn]	AUROC	0.84	—	Unverified
6	BiRNN-HateXplain [Attn]	AUROC	0.81	—	Unverified
7	BiRNN-Attn [Attn]	AUROC	0.8	—	Unverified
8	CNN-GRU [LIME]	AUROC	0.79	—	Unverified
9	BiRNN [LIME]	AUROC	0.77	—	Unverified
10	XG-HSI-BERT	Accuracy	0.75	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	MLARAM	Hamming Loss	0.29	—	Unverified
2	MLkNN	Hamming Loss	0.16	—	Unverified
3	Binary Relevance	Hamming Loss	0.14	—	Unverified
4	Neural Classifier Chains	Hamming Loss	0.13	—	Unverified
5	Neural Binary Relevance	Hamming Loss	0.11	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Mozafari et al., 2019	AAA	50.94	—	Unverified
2	SVM	AAA	46.51	—	Unverified
3	Kennedy et al., 2020	AAA	45.5	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	HateBERT	Macro F1	0.74	—	Unverified
2	BERT	Macro F1	0.72	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	mBert	Accuracy	0.83	—	Unverified
2	Logistic Regression	Accuracy	0.7	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	HXP + CLAP + CLIP	TEST F1 (macro)	0.85	—	Unverified
2	BERT + ViT + MFCC	TEST F1 (macro)	0.79	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	HateBERT	Macro F1	0.49	—	Unverified
2	BERT	Macro F1	0.48	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	HateBERT	Macro F1	0.81	—	Unverified
2	BERT	Macro F1	0.8	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Multilingual BERT	F1-score	0.75	—	Unverified
2	AutoML	F1-score	0.74	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	AOM mBERT	F1	0.85	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Baseline	F1	0.7	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	RoBERTa-large-ST	Macro F1	80.7	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Baseline BERT (task A)	F1	0.77	—	Unverified