Hate Speech Detection

Hate speech detection is the task of detecting if communication such as text, audio, and so on contains hatred and or encourages violence towards a person or a group of people. This is usually based on prejudice against 'protected characteristics' such as their ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, religion, age et al. Some example benchmarks are ETHOS and HateXplain. Models can be evaluated with metrics like the F-score or F-measure.

Papers

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Showing 301–325 of 507 papers

Title	Date	Tasks	Status
Necessity and Sufficiency for Explaining Text Classifiers: A Case Study in Hate Speech Detection	May 6, 2022	Hate Speech Detection	CodeCode Available
Darkness can not drive out darkness: Investigating Bias in Hate SpeechDetection Models	May 1, 2022	Abuse DetectionHate Speech Detection	—Unverified
Benchmarking Post-Hoc Interpretability Approaches for Transformer-based Misogyny Detection	May 1, 2022	BenchmarkingHate Speech Detection	CodeCode Available
HateCheckHIn: Evaluating Hindi Hate Speech Detection Models	Apr 30, 2022	DiagnosticHate Speech Detection	CodeCode Available
Placing M-Phasis on the Plurality of Hate: A Feature-Based Corpus of Hate Online	Apr 28, 2022	ArticlesHate Speech Detection	CodeCode Available
Mono vs Multilingual BERT for Hate Speech Detection and Text Classification: A Case Study in Marathi	Apr 19, 2022	ArticlesClassification	—Unverified
Multimodal Hate Speech Detection from Bengali Memes and Texts	Apr 19, 2022	Fake News DetectionHate Speech Detection	CodeCode Available
Fairly Accurate: Learning Optimal Accuracy vs. Fairness Tradeoffs for Hate Speech Detection	Apr 15, 2022	FairnessHate Speech Detection	—Unverified
Anti-Asian Hate Speech Detection via Data Augmented Semantic Relation Inference	Apr 14, 2022	Hate Speech DetectionNatural Language Inference	—Unverified
CRUSH: Contextually Regularized and User anchored Self-supervised Hate speech Detection	Apr 13, 2022	Hate Speech Detection	CodeCode Available
Easy Adaptation to Mitigate Gender Bias in Multilingual Text Classification	Apr 12, 2022	Domain AdaptationHate Speech Detection	CodeCode Available
Checking HateCheck: a cross-functional analysis of behaviour-aware learning for hate speech detection	Apr 8, 2022	Hate Speech Detection	CodeCode Available
Reinforcement Guided Multi-Task Learning Framework for Low-Resource Stereotype Detection	Mar 27, 2022	DiagnosticHate Speech Detection	CodeCode Available
L3Cube-MahaHate: A Tweet-based Marathi Hate Speech Detection Dataset and BERT models	Mar 25, 2022	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified
Dynamically Refined Regularization for Improving Cross-corpora Hate Speech Detection	Mar 23, 2022	Hate Speech Detection	CodeCode Available
Emotion Based Hate Speech Detection using Multimodal Learning	Feb 13, 2022	Hate Speech DetectionMultimodal Deep Learning	—Unverified
Calibrated Learning to Defer with One-vs-All Classifiers	Feb 8, 2022	AllHate Speech Detection	CodeCode Available
Dominant Set-based Active Learning for Text Classification and its Application to Online Social Media	Jan 28, 2022	Active LearningHate Speech Detection	—Unverified
Highly Generalizable Models for Multilingual Hate Speech Detection	Jan 27, 2022	Hate Speech Detection	CodeCode Available
Going Extreme: Comparative Analysis of Hate Speech in Parler and Gab	Jan 27, 2022	Hate Speech DetectionTransfer Learning	CodeCode Available
Selecting and combining complementary feature representations and classifiers for hate speech detection	Jan 18, 2022	ClassificationHate Speech Detection	CodeCode Available
When More is not Necessary Better: Multilingual Auxiliary Tasks for Zero-Shot Cross-Lingual Transfer of Hate Speech Detection Models	Jan 16, 2022	Cross-Lingual TransferHate Speech Detection	—Unverified
Addressing the Challenges of Cross-Lingual Hate Speech Detection	Jan 15, 2022	Cross-Lingual TransferCross-Lingual Word Embeddings	—Unverified
An exploratory experiment on Hindi, Bengali hate-speech detection and transfer learning using neural networks	Jan 6, 2022	Hate Speech DetectionTransfer Learning	—Unverified
Semi-supervised Stance Detection of Tweets Via Distant Network Supervision	Jan 3, 2022	Hate Speech DetectionPropaganda detection	CodeCode Available

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All datasets Ethos Binary HateXplain Ethos MultiLabel Waseem et al., 2018 AbusEval Automatic Misogynistic Identification HateMM HatEval OffensEval 2019 ToLD-Br bajer_danish_misogyny DKhate

Benchmark Results

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	BiLSTM + static BE	F1-score	0.8	—	Unverified
2	BERT	F1-score	0.79	—	Unverified
3	BiLSTM+Attention+FT	F1-score	0.77	—	Unverified
4	OPT-175B (few-shot)	F1-score	0.76	—	Unverified
5	CNN+Attention+FT+GV	F1-score	0.74	—	Unverified
6	OPT-175B (one-shot)	F1-score	0.71	—	Unverified
7	OPT-175B (zero-shot)	F1-score	0.67	—	Unverified
8	SVM	F1-score	0.66	—	Unverified
9	Random Forests	F1-score	0.64	—	Unverified
10	Davinci (zero-shot)	F1-score	0.63	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	BERT-MRP	AUROC	0.86	—	Unverified
2	BERT-RP	AUROC	0.85	—	Unverified
3	BERT-HateXplain [LIME]	AUROC	0.85	—	Unverified
4	BERT-HateXplain [Attn]	AUROC	0.85	—	Unverified
5	BERT [Attn]	AUROC	0.84	—	Unverified
6	BiRNN-HateXplain [Attn]	AUROC	0.81	—	Unverified
7	BiRNN-Attn [Attn]	AUROC	0.8	—	Unverified
8	CNN-GRU [LIME]	AUROC	0.79	—	Unverified
9	BiRNN [LIME]	AUROC	0.77	—	Unverified
10	XG-HSI-BERT	Accuracy	0.75	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	MLARAM	Hamming Loss	0.29	—	Unverified
2	MLkNN	Hamming Loss	0.16	—	Unverified
3	Binary Relevance	Hamming Loss	0.14	—	Unverified
4	Neural Classifier Chains	Hamming Loss	0.13	—	Unverified
5	Neural Binary Relevance	Hamming Loss	0.11	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Mozafari et al., 2019	AAA	50.94	—	Unverified
2	SVM	AAA	46.51	—	Unverified
3	Kennedy et al., 2020	AAA	45.5	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	HateBERT	Macro F1	0.74	—	Unverified
2	BERT	Macro F1	0.72	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	mBert	Accuracy	0.83	—	Unverified
2	Logistic Regression	Accuracy	0.7	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	HXP + CLAP + CLIP	TEST F1 (macro)	0.85	—	Unverified
2	BERT + ViT + MFCC	TEST F1 (macro)	0.79	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	HateBERT	Macro F1	0.49	—	Unverified
2	BERT	Macro F1	0.48	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	HateBERT	Macro F1	0.81	—	Unverified
2	BERT	Macro F1	0.8	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Multilingual BERT	F1-score	0.75	—	Unverified
2	AutoML	F1-score	0.74	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	AOM mBERT	F1	0.85	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Baseline	F1	0.7	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	RoBERTa-large-ST	Macro F1	80.7	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Baseline BERT (task A)	F1	0.77	—	Unverified