Hate Speech Detection

Hate speech detection is the task of detecting if communication such as text, audio, and so on contains hatred and or encourages violence towards a person or a group of people. This is usually based on prejudice against 'protected characteristics' such as their ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, religion, age et al. Some example benchmarks are ETHOS and HateXplain. Models can be evaluated with metrics like the F-score or F-measure.

Papers

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Showing 276–300 of 507 papers

Title	Date	Tasks	Status
Improved two-stage hate speech classification for twitter based on Deep Neural Networks	Jun 8, 2022	16kAbusive Language	—Unverified
TheNorth at SemEval-2020 Task 12: Hate Speech Detection Using RoBERTa	Dec 1, 2020	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified
An Attention Matrix for Every Decision: Faithfulness-based Arbitration Among Multiple Attention-Based Interpretations of Transformers in Text Classification	Sep 22, 2022	ClassificationFeature Importance	—Unverified
Improving Automatic Hate Speech Detection with Multiword Expression Features	Jun 1, 2021	Hate Speech DetectionSentence	—Unverified
Improving Counterfactual Generation for Fair Hate Speech Detection	Aug 3, 2021	counterfactualFairness	—Unverified
Z-AGI Labs at ClimateActivism 2024: Stance and Hate Event Detection on Social Media	Feb 26, 2024	Event DetectionHate Speech Detection	—Unverified
Improving Cross-Domain Hate Speech Detection by Reducing the False Positive Rate	Jun 1, 2021	BlockingDeep Learning	—Unverified
Improving Generalization of Hate Speech Detection Systems to Novel Target Groups via Domain Adaptation	Jul 1, 2022	DiversityDomain Adaptation	—Unverified
Vista.ue at SemEval-2019 Task 5: Single Multilingual Hate Speech Detection Model	Jun 1, 2019	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified
The Risk of Racial Bias in Hate Speech Detection	Jul 1, 2019	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified
The Role of Context in Detecting the Target of Hate Speech	Oct 1, 2022	Hate Speech DetectionLanguage Modeling	—Unverified
Incorporating Human Explanations for Robust Hate Speech Detection	Nov 9, 2024	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified
In Data We Trust: A Critical Analysis of Hate Speech Detection Datasets	Nov 1, 2020	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified
Independent Ethical Assessment of Text Classification Models: A Hate Speech Detection Case Study	Jul 19, 2021	counterfactualHate Speech Detection	—Unverified
INF-HatEval at SemEval-2019 Task 5: Convolutional Neural Networks for Hate Speech Detection Against Women and Immigrants on Twitter	Jun 1, 2019	Hate Speech DetectionWord Embeddings	—Unverified
Interpretable Multi-Modal Hate Speech Detection	Mar 2, 2021	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified
An exploratory experiment on Hindi, Bengali hate-speech detection and transfer learning using neural networks	Jan 6, 2022	Hate Speech DetectionTransfer Learning	—Unverified
Interpreting Neural Network Hate Speech Classifiers	Oct 1, 2018	Hate Speech DetectionText Classification	—Unverified
Thesis Distillation: Investigating The Impact of Bias in NLP Models on Hate Speech Detection	Aug 31, 2023	FairnessHate Speech Detection	—Unverified
Introducing an Abusive Language Classification Framework for Telegram to Investigate the German Hater Community	Sep 15, 2021	Abusive LanguageClassification	—Unverified
Voice for the Voiceless: Active Sampling to Detect Comments Supporting the Rohingyas	Oct 8, 2019	Active LearningHate Speech Detection	—Unverified
To BAN or not to BAN: Bayesian Attention Networks for Reliable Hate Speech Detection	Jul 10, 2020	ClassificationGeneral Classification	—Unverified
Investigating Deep Learning Approaches for Hate Speech Detection in Social Media	May 29, 2020	Hate Speech Detection	—Unverified
"Is Hate Lost in Translation?": Evaluation of Multilingual LGBTQIA+ Hate Speech Detection	Oct 15, 2024	Hate Speech DetectionMachine Translation	—Unverified
An Effective, Robust and Fairness-aware Hate Speech Detection Framework	Sep 25, 2024	FairnessHate Speech Detection	—Unverified

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All datasets Ethos Binary HateXplain Ethos MultiLabel Waseem et al., 2018 AbusEval Automatic Misogynistic Identification HateMM HatEval OffensEval 2019 ToLD-Br bajer_danish_misogyny DKhate

Benchmark Results

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	BiLSTM + static BE	F1-score	0.8	—	Unverified
2	BERT	F1-score	0.79	—	Unverified
3	BiLSTM+Attention+FT	F1-score	0.77	—	Unverified
4	OPT-175B (few-shot)	F1-score	0.76	—	Unverified
5	CNN+Attention+FT+GV	F1-score	0.74	—	Unverified
6	OPT-175B (one-shot)	F1-score	0.71	—	Unverified
7	OPT-175B (zero-shot)	F1-score	0.67	—	Unverified
8	SVM	F1-score	0.66	—	Unverified
9	Random Forests	F1-score	0.64	—	Unverified
10	Davinci (zero-shot)	F1-score	0.63	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	BERT-MRP	AUROC	0.86	—	Unverified
2	BERT-RP	AUROC	0.85	—	Unverified
3	BERT-HateXplain [LIME]	AUROC	0.85	—	Unverified
4	BERT-HateXplain [Attn]	AUROC	0.85	—	Unverified
5	BERT [Attn]	AUROC	0.84	—	Unverified
6	BiRNN-HateXplain [Attn]	AUROC	0.81	—	Unverified
7	BiRNN-Attn [Attn]	AUROC	0.8	—	Unverified
8	CNN-GRU [LIME]	AUROC	0.79	—	Unverified
9	BiRNN [LIME]	AUROC	0.77	—	Unverified
10	XG-HSI-BERT	Accuracy	0.75	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	MLARAM	Hamming Loss	0.29	—	Unverified
2	MLkNN	Hamming Loss	0.16	—	Unverified
3	Binary Relevance	Hamming Loss	0.14	—	Unverified
4	Neural Classifier Chains	Hamming Loss	0.13	—	Unverified
5	Neural Binary Relevance	Hamming Loss	0.11	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Mozafari et al., 2019	AAA	50.94	—	Unverified
2	SVM	AAA	46.51	—	Unverified
3	Kennedy et al., 2020	AAA	45.5	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	HateBERT	Macro F1	0.74	—	Unverified
2	BERT	Macro F1	0.72	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	mBert	Accuracy	0.83	—	Unverified
2	Logistic Regression	Accuracy	0.7	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	HXP + CLAP + CLIP	TEST F1 (macro)	0.85	—	Unverified
2	BERT + ViT + MFCC	TEST F1 (macro)	0.79	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	HateBERT	Macro F1	0.49	—	Unverified
2	BERT	Macro F1	0.48	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	HateBERT	Macro F1	0.81	—	Unverified
2	BERT	Macro F1	0.8	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Multilingual BERT	F1-score	0.75	—	Unverified
2	AutoML	F1-score	0.74	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	AOM mBERT	F1	0.85	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Baseline	F1	0.7	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	RoBERTa-large-ST	Macro F1	80.7	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Baseline BERT (task A)	F1	0.77	—	Unverified