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Text Simplification

Text Simplification is the task of reducing the complexity of the vocabulary and sentence structure of text while retaining its original meaning, with the goal of improving readability and understanding. Simplification has a variety of important societal applications, for example increasing accessibility for those with cognitive disabilities such as aphasia, dyslexia, and autism, or for non-native speakers and children with reading difficulties.

Source: Multilingual Unsupervised Sentence Simplification

Papers

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Showing 51–100 of 468 papers

TitleStatusHype
Exploring Automatic Text Simplification of German Narrative DocumentsCode0
Ascle: A Python Natural Language Processing Toolkit for Medical Text GenerationCode1
BLESS: Benchmarking Large Language Models on Sentence SimplificationCode0
Evaluation Metrics in the Era of GPT-4: Reliably Evaluating Large Language Models on Sequence to Sequence TasksCode0
Medical Text Simplification: Optimizing for Readability with Unlikelihood Training and Reranked Beam Search DecodingCode0
BibRank: Automatic Keyphrase Extraction Platform Using~MetadataCode0
Automatic and Human-AI Interactive Text Generation—0
LC-Score: Reference-less estimation of Text Comprehension Difficulty—0
Is it Possible to Modify Text to a Target Readability Level? An Initial Investigation Using Zero-Shot Large Language Models—0
Investigating Large Language Models and Control Mechanisms to Improve Text Readability of Biomedical AbstractsCode0
RedPenNet for Grammatical Error Correction: Outputs to Tokens, Attentions to SpansCode0
ARTIST: ARTificial Intelligence for Simplified TextCode0
A User-Centered Evaluation of Spanish Text SimplificationCode0
Can Knowledge Graphs Simplify Text?Code1
Discourse-Aware Text Simplification: From Complex Sentences to Linked Propositions—0
Metric-Based In-context Learning: A Case Study in Text SimplificationCode0
Text Simplification of Scientific Texts for Non-Expert Readers—0
MCTS: A Multi-Reference Chinese Text Simplification DatasetCode1
SWiPE: A Dataset for Document-Level Simplification of Wikipedia PagesCode1
DEPLAIN: A German Parallel Corpus with Intralingual Translations into Plain Language for Sentence and Document SimplificationCode1
Controlled Text Generation with Hidden Representation TransformationsCode0
Revisiting non-English Text Simplification: A Unified Multilingual BenchmarkCode1
Controlling Pre-trained Language Models for Grade-Specific Text Simplification—0
Dancing Between Success and Failure: Edit-level Simplification Evaluation using SALSA—0
APPLS: Evaluating Evaluation Metrics for Plain Language SummarizationCode0
Language Models for German Text Simplification: Overcoming Parallel Data Scarcity through Style-specific Pre-trainingCode0
Multilingual Simplification of Medical TextsCode0
Teaching the Pre-trained Model to Generate Simple Texts for Text SimplificationCode0
Deep Learning Approaches to Lexical Simplification: A Survey—0
Reducing Sequence Length by Predicting Edit Operations with Large Language Models—0
DiffuSIA: A Spiral Interaction Architecture for Encoder-Decoder Text Diffusion—0
CoEdIT: Text Editing by Task-Specific Instruction TuningCode1
Elaborative Simplification as Implicit Questions Under Discussion—0
TESS: Text-to-Text Self-Conditioned Simplex DiffusionCode1
Benchmarking large language models for biomedical natural language processing applications and recommendationsCode1
Context-Aware Document SimplificationCode0
ChatGPT as a Text Simplification Tool to Remove Bias—0
Syntactic Complexity Identification, Measurement, and Reduction Through Controlled Syntactic SimplificationCode0
SimpLex: a lexical text simplification architectureCode0
RISC: Generating Realistic Synthetic Bilingual Insurance ContractCode0
Lexical Complexity Prediction: An Overview—0
kNN-BOX: A Unified Framework for Nearest Neighbor GenerationCode1
Prompt-based Learning for Text Readability AssessmentCode0
Med-EASi: Finely Annotated Dataset and Models for Controllable Simplification of Medical TextsCode0
Exploiting Summarization Data to Help Text SimplificationCode0
NapSS: Paragraph-level Medical Text Simplification via Narrative Prompting and Sentence-matching SummarizationCode0
Findings of the TSAR-2022 Shared Task on Multilingual Lexical Simplification—0
Lexical Simplification using multi level and modular approach—0
Mitigating Data Scarcity for Large Language ModelsCode0
The Fewer Splits are Better: Deconstructing Readability in Sentence Splitting—0
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All datasetsTurkCorpusASSETNewselaPWKP / WikiSmallDEplain-APA-docDEplain-web-docEurekaAlertDEplain-APA-sentDEplain-web-sentWikiLargeFRWiki-Auto + Turk

Benchmark Results

#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1GPT-175B (6 SARI-selected examples, high/low)SARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)43.46—Unverified
2MUSS (BART+ACCESS Supervised)SARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)42.53—Unverified
3Control Prefixes (BART)SARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)42.32—Unverified
4TSTSARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)41.46—Unverified
5ACCESSSARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)41.38—Unverified
6MUSS (BART+ACCESS Unsupervised)SARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)40.85—Unverified
7DMASS-DCSSSARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)40.45—Unverified
8SBMT-SARISARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)39.56—Unverified
9EditNTSSARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)38.22—Unverified
10PBMT-RSARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)38.04—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1GPT-175B (15 SARI-selected examples, random ordering)BLEU73.92—Unverified
2MUSS (BART+ACCESS Supervised)BLEU72.98—Unverified
3Control Prefixes (BART)SARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)43.58—Unverified
4TSTSARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)43.21—Unverified
5MUSS (BART+ACCESS Unsupervised)SARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)42.65—Unverified
6ACCESSSARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)40.13—Unverified
7DMASS-DCSSSARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)38.67—Unverified
8Dress-LSSARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)36.59—Unverified
9UNTS (Unsupervised)SARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)35.19—Unverified
10PBMT-RSARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)34.63—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1CRF Alignment + TransformerSARI36.6—Unverified
2Pointer + Multi-task Entailment and Paraphrase GenerationSARI33.22—Unverified
3EditNTSSARI31.41—Unverified
4S2S-Cluster-FASARI30.73—Unverified
5Edit-Unsup-TSSARI30.44—Unverified
6NSELSTM-SSARI29.58—Unverified
7NSELSTM-BSARI27.42—Unverified
8DRESSSARI27.37—Unverified
9DMASS + DCSSSARI27.28—Unverified
10DRESS-LSSARI26.63—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1NSELSTM-BBLEU53.42—Unverified
2TSTSARI44.67—Unverified
3UNSUPBLEU38.47—Unverified
4DRESS-LSBLEU36.32—Unverified
5DRESSBLEU34.53—Unverified
6EditNTSSARI32.35—Unverified
7NSELSTM-SBLEU29.72—Unverified
8Pointer + Multi-task Entailment and Paraphrase GenerationBLEU27.23—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1long-mBART (trained on DEplain-APA-doc)SARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)44.56—Unverified
2long-mBART (trained on DEplain-APA-doc & DEplain-web-doc)SARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)42.86—Unverified
3long-mBART (trained on DEplain-web-doc)SARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)35.02—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1long-mBART (trained on DEplain-APA-doc & DEplain-web-doc)SARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)49.75—Unverified
2long-mBART (trained on DEplain-web-doc)SARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)49.58—Unverified
3long-mBART (trained on DEplain-APA-doc)SARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)43.09—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1SATSSARI40.83—Unverified
2MedTSS-BART (Without Training)Rouge135.17—Unverified
3HTSSRouge121.94—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1mBART (trained on DEplain-APA-sent & DEplain-web-sent)SARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)34.9—Unverified
2mBART (trained on DEplain-APA-sent)SARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)34.82—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1mBART (trained on DEplain-APA-sent & DEplain-web-sent)SARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)34.83—Unverified
2mBART (trained on DEplain-APA-sent)SARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)30.87—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1mT5 (fine-tuned on MULTI-SIM)SARI39.23—Unverified
2LSTMSARI39.05—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1BART (TextBox 2.0)BLEU-490.81—Unverified