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Text Simplification

Text Simplification is the task of reducing the complexity of the vocabulary and sentence structure of text while retaining its original meaning, with the goal of improving readability and understanding. Simplification has a variety of important societal applications, for example increasing accessibility for those with cognitive disabilities such as aphasia, dyslexia, and autism, or for non-native speakers and children with reading difficulties.

Source: Multilingual Unsupervised Sentence Simplification

Papers

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Showing 1–50 of 468 papers

TitleStatusHype
TextBox 2.0: A Text Generation Library with Pre-trained Language ModelsCode3
Automatic Input Rewriting Improves Translation with Large Language ModelsCode1
mEdIT: Multilingual Text Editing via Instruction TuningCode1
Ascle: A Python Natural Language Processing Toolkit for Medical Text GenerationCode1
Can Knowledge Graphs Simplify Text?Code1
MCTS: A Multi-Reference Chinese Text Simplification DatasetCode1
SWiPE: A Dataset for Document-Level Simplification of Wikipedia PagesCode1
DEPLAIN: A German Parallel Corpus with Intralingual Translations into Plain Language for Sentence and Document SimplificationCode1
Revisiting non-English Text Simplification: A Unified Multilingual BenchmarkCode1
CoEdIT: Text Editing by Task-Specific Instruction TuningCode1
TESS: Text-to-Text Self-Conditioned Simplex DiffusionCode1
Benchmarking large language models for biomedical natural language processing applications and recommendationsCode1
kNN-BOX: A Unified Framework for Nearest Neighbor GenerationCode1
LENS: A Learnable Evaluation Metric for Text SimplificationCode1
Improving Iterative Text Revision by Learning Where to Edit from Other Revision TasksCode1
CEFR-Based Sentence Difficulty Annotation and AssessmentCode1
Findings of the The RuATD Shared Task 2022 on Artificial Text Detection in RussianCode1
TS-ANNO: An Annotation Tool to Build, Annotate and Evaluate Text Simplification CorporaCode1
Klexikon: A German Dataset for Joint Summarization and SimplificationCode1
Control Prefixes for Parameter-Efficient Text GenerationCode1
Document-Level Text Simplification: Dataset, Criteria and BaselineCode1
Controllable Sentence Simplification with a Unified Text-to-Text Transfer TransformerCode1
Keep it Simple: Unsupervised Simplification of Multi-Paragraph TextCode1
Neural semi-Markov CRF for Monolingual Word AlignmentCode1
Context-Preserving Text SimplificationCode1
Predicting Text Readability from Scrolling InteractionsCode1
Text Simplification by TaggingCode1
AutoMeTS: The Autocomplete for Medical Text SimplificationCode1
Iterative Edit-Based Unsupervised Sentence SimplificationCode1
Neural CRF Model for Sentence Alignment in Text SimplificationCode1
MUSS: Multilingual Unsupervised Sentence Simplification by Mining ParaphrasesCode1
Felix: Flexible Text Editing Through Tagging and InsertionCode1
DisSim: A Discourse-Aware Syntactic Text Simplification Frameworkfor English and GermanCode1
Transforming Complex Sentences into a Semantic HierarchyCode1
Document-Level Text Generation with Minimum Bayes Risk Decoding using Optimal TransportCode0
Enhancing Paraphrase Type Generation: The Impact of DPO and RLHF Evaluated with Human-Ranked DataCode0
Resource for Error Analysis in Text Simplification: New Taxonomy and Test Collection—0
Automated Feedback Loops to Protect Text Simplification with Generative AI from Information Loss—0
A Structured Literature Review on Traditional Approaches in Current Natural Language Processing—0
LLM-based Text Simplification and its Effect on User Comprehension and Cognitive Load—0
SimplifyMyText: An LLM-Based System for Inclusive Plain Language Text Simplification—0
Evaluation Under Imperfect Benchmarks and Ratings: A Case Study in Text Simplification—0
Aligning Sentence Simplification with ESL Learner's Proficiency for Language AcquisitionCode0
Eye Tracking Based Cognitive Evaluation of Automatic Readability Assessment Measures—0
Improving Estonian Text Simplification through Pretrained Language Models and Custom Datasets—0
Evaluating GenAI for Simplifying Texts for Education: Improving Accuracy and Consistency for Enhanced Readability—0
DisSim-FinBERT: Text Simplification for Core Message Extraction in Complex Financial Texts—0
Progressive Document-level Text Simplification via Large Language Models—0
M-Ped: Multi-Prompt Ensemble Decoding for Large Language Models—0
Simple is not Enough: Document-level Text Simplification using Readability and Coherence—0
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All datasetsTurkCorpusASSETNewselaPWKP / WikiSmallDEplain-APA-docDEplain-web-docEurekaAlertDEplain-APA-sentDEplain-web-sentWikiLargeFRWiki-Auto + Turk

Benchmark Results

#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1GPT-175B (6 SARI-selected examples, high/low)SARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)43.46—Unverified
2MUSS (BART+ACCESS Supervised)SARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)42.53—Unverified
3Control Prefixes (BART)SARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)42.32—Unverified
4TSTSARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)41.46—Unverified
5ACCESSSARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)41.38—Unverified
6MUSS (BART+ACCESS Unsupervised)SARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)40.85—Unverified
7DMASS-DCSSSARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)40.45—Unverified
8SBMT-SARISARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)39.56—Unverified
9EditNTSSARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)38.22—Unverified
10PBMT-RSARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)38.04—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1GPT-175B (15 SARI-selected examples, random ordering)BLEU73.92—Unverified
2MUSS (BART+ACCESS Supervised)BLEU72.98—Unverified
3Control Prefixes (BART)SARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)43.58—Unverified
4TSTSARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)43.21—Unverified
5MUSS (BART+ACCESS Unsupervised)SARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)42.65—Unverified
6ACCESSSARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)40.13—Unverified
7DMASS-DCSSSARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)38.67—Unverified
8Dress-LSSARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)36.59—Unverified
9UNTS (Unsupervised)SARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)35.19—Unverified
10PBMT-RSARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)34.63—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1CRF Alignment + TransformerSARI36.6—Unverified
2Pointer + Multi-task Entailment and Paraphrase GenerationSARI33.22—Unverified
3EditNTSSARI31.41—Unverified
4S2S-Cluster-FASARI30.73—Unverified
5Edit-Unsup-TSSARI30.44—Unverified
6NSELSTM-SSARI29.58—Unverified
7NSELSTM-BSARI27.42—Unverified
8DRESSSARI27.37—Unverified
9DMASS + DCSSSARI27.28—Unverified
10DRESS-LSSARI26.63—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1NSELSTM-BBLEU53.42—Unverified
2TSTSARI44.67—Unverified
3UNSUPBLEU38.47—Unverified
4DRESS-LSBLEU36.32—Unverified
5DRESSBLEU34.53—Unverified
6EditNTSSARI32.35—Unverified
7NSELSTM-SBLEU29.72—Unverified
8Pointer + Multi-task Entailment and Paraphrase GenerationBLEU27.23—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1long-mBART (trained on DEplain-APA-doc)SARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)44.56—Unverified
2long-mBART (trained on DEplain-APA-doc & DEplain-web-doc)SARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)42.86—Unverified
3long-mBART (trained on DEplain-web-doc)SARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)35.02—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1long-mBART (trained on DEplain-APA-doc & DEplain-web-doc)SARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)49.75—Unverified
2long-mBART (trained on DEplain-web-doc)SARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)49.58—Unverified
3long-mBART (trained on DEplain-APA-doc)SARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)43.09—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1SATSSARI40.83—Unverified
2MedTSS-BART (Without Training)Rouge135.17—Unverified
3HTSSRouge121.94—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1mBART (trained on DEplain-APA-sent & DEplain-web-sent)SARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)34.9—Unverified
2mBART (trained on DEplain-APA-sent)SARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)34.82—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1mBART (trained on DEplain-APA-sent & DEplain-web-sent)SARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)34.83—Unverified
2mBART (trained on DEplain-APA-sent)SARI (EASSE>=0.2.1)30.87—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1mT5 (fine-tuned on MULTI-SIM)SARI39.23—Unverified
2LSTMSARI39.05—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1BART (TextBox 2.0)BLEU-490.81—Unverified