Slot Filling

The goal of Slot Filling is to identify from a running dialog different slots, which correspond to different parameters of the user’s query. For instance, when a user queries for nearby restaurants, key slots for location and preferred food are required for a dialog system to retrieve the appropriate information. Thus, the main challenge in the slot-filling task is to extract the target entity.

Source: Real-time On-Demand Crowd-powered Entity Extraction

Image credit: Robust Retrieval Augmented Generation for Zero-shot Slot Filling

Papers

Recently Added Most Hyped Most Active Needs Verification Most Verified

Showing 151–175 of 458 papers

Title	Date	Tasks	Status
Exploiting Sentence and Context Representations in Deep Neural Models for Spoken Language Understanding	Oct 13, 2016	Automatic Speech RecognitionAutomatic Speech Recognition (ASR)	—Unverified
Explainable Slot Type Attentions to Improve Joint Intent Detection and Slot Filling	Oct 19, 2022	Intent DetectionNatural Language Understanding	—Unverified
Explainable and Accurate Natural Language Understanding for Voice Assistants and Beyond	Sep 25, 2023	General ClassificationIntent Detection	—Unverified
Building Dialogue Understanding Models for Low-resource Language Indonesian from Scratch	Oct 24, 2024	Cross-Lingual TransferDecoder	—Unverified
How Does Beam Search improve Span-Level Confidence Estimation in Generative Sequence Labeling?	Dec 21, 2022	slot-fillingSlot Filling	—Unverified
Exploring Named Entity Recognition As an Auxiliary Task for Slot Filling in Conversational Language Understanding	Oct 1, 2018	Domain AdaptationMulti-Task Learning	—Unverified
Exploring the importance of context and embeddings in neural NER models for task-oriented dialogue systems	Dec 6, 2018	named-entity-recognitionNamed Entity Recognition	—Unverified
A Graph-to-Sequence Model for Joint Intent Detection and Slot Filling in Task-Oriented Dialogue Systems	Nov 16, 2021	Decoderglobal-optimization	—Unverified
I^2KD-SLU: An Intra-Inter Knowledge Distillation Framework for Zero-Shot Cross-Lingual Spoken Language Understanding	Oct 4, 2023	Intent DetectionKnowledge Distillation	—Unverified
Experimental Evaluation of Machine Learning Models for Goal-oriented Customer Service Chatbot with Pipeline Architecture	Sep 27, 2024	ChatbotDialogue Management	—Unverified
ezDI: A Supervised NLP System for Clinical Narrative Analysis	Jun 1, 2015	Slot Filling	—Unverified
Feature Representation Learning for NL2SQL Generation Based on Coupling and Decoupling	Jun 30, 2023	Feature CorrelationMulti-Task Learning	—Unverified
Federated Learning for Spoken Language Understanding	Dec 1, 2020	Federated LearningIntent Detection	—Unverified
Few-shot Intent Classification and Slot Filling with Retrieved Examples	Apr 12, 2021	ClassificationFew-Shot Learning	—Unverified
Few-Shot NLU with Vector Projection Distance and Abstract Triangular CRF	Dec 9, 2021	intent-classificationIntent Classification	—Unverified
Fine-Tuning BERT for Schema-Guided Zero-Shot Dialogue State Tracking	Feb 1, 2020	Dialogue State TrackingNatural Language Understanding	—Unverified
Chefbot: A Novel Framework for the Generation of Commonsense-enhanced Responses for Task-based Dialogue Systems	Aug 1, 2021	ChatbotResponse Generation	—Unverified
Flee the Flaw: Annotating the Underlying Logic of Fallacious Arguments Through Templates and Slot-filling	Jun 18, 2024	Logical Fallaciesslot-filling	—Unverified
FLIN: A Flexible Natural Language Interface for Web Navigation	Oct 24, 2020	Semantic Parsingslot-filling	—Unverified
CIF-PT: Bridging Speech and Text Representations for Spoken Language Understanding via Continuous Integrate-and-Fire Pre-Training	May 27, 2023	intent-classificationIntent Classification	—Unverified
CIS at TAC Cold Start 2015: Neural Networks and Coreference Resolution for Slot Filling	Nov 6, 2018	coreference-resolutionCoreference Resolution	—Unverified
Generalized Multiple Intent Conditioned Slot Filling	May 18, 2023	Intent DetectionLanguage Modeling	—Unverified
Generation of complex database queries and API calls from natural language utterances	Dec 15, 2020	intent-classificationIntent Classification	—Unverified
Generative Encoder-Decoder Models for Task-Oriented Spoken Dialog Systems with Chatting Capability	Jun 26, 2017	Decision MakingDecoder	—Unverified
Building a Task-oriented Dialog System for Languages with no Training Data: the Case for Basque	May 1, 2020	ClassificationGeneral Classification	—Unverified

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All datasets KILT: Zero Shot RE KILT: T-REx MixSNIPS MixATIS ATIS SNIPS SLURP MASSIVE ATIS (vi)CAIS Dialogue State Tracking Challenge MULTIWOZ 2.2

Benchmark Results

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	single ngram	KILT-AC	73.2	—	Unverified
2	KGI_1	KILT-AC	72.31	—	Unverified
3	MetaRAG	KILT-AC	71.1	—	Unverified
4	KGI_0 (reupload)	KILT-AC	68.32	—	Unverified
5	Wikipedia	KILT-AC	67.2	—	Unverified
6	Multitask DPR + BART	KILT-AC	50.64	—	Unverified
7	10k	KILT-AC	41.34	—	Unverified
8	DensePhrases	KILT-AC	41.34	—	Unverified
9	RAG	KILT-AC	36.83	—	Unverified
10	Coop. Distil Bert	KILT-AC	34.13	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Re2G	KILT-AC	75.84	—	Unverified
2	KGI_1	KILT-AC	69.14	—	Unverified
3	Wikipedia	KILT-AC	64.64	—	Unverified
4	MetaRAG	KILT-AC	61.88	—	Unverified
5	single ngram	KILT-AC	60.08	—	Unverified
6	KGI_0 (reupload)	KILT-AC	55.54	—	Unverified
7	Coop. DistilBert	KILT-AC	36.68	—	Unverified
8	DensePhrases	KILT-AC	27.84	—	Unverified
9	10k	KILT-AC	27.84	—	Unverified
10	RAG	KILT-AC	23.12	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	BiSLU	Micro F1	97.2	—	Unverified
2	SLIM (PACL)	Micro F1	96.8	—	Unverified
3	SLIM	Micro F1	96.5	—	Unverified
4	Uni-MIS	Micro F1	96.4	—	Unverified
5	TFMN	Micro F1	96.4	—	Unverified
6	TFMN (PACL)	Micro F1	96.3	—	Unverified
7	RoBERTa (PACL)	Micro F1	96.2	—	Unverified
8	DGIF	Micro F1	95.9	—	Unverified
9	SSRAN	Micro F1	95.8	—	Unverified
10	MISCA	Micro F1	95.2	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	MISCA	Micro F1	90.5	—	Unverified
2	Co-guiding Net	Micro F1	89.8	—	Unverified
3	SSRAN	Micro F1	89.4	—	Unverified
4	BiSLU	Micro F1	89.4	—	Unverified
5	UGEN	Micro F1	89.2	—	Unverified
6	Topic Information	Micro F1	88.7	—	Unverified
7	SLIM	Micro F1	88.5	—	Unverified
8	Global Intent-Slot Co-occurence	Micro F1	88.5	—	Unverified
9	DGIF	Micro F1	88.5	—	Unverified
10	Uni-MIS	Micro F1	88.3	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	CTRAN	F1	0.98	—	Unverified
2	Bi-model with a decoder	F1	0.97	—	Unverified
3	Joint BERT	F1	0.96	—	Unverified
4	Stack-Propagation (+BERT)	F1	0.96	—	Unverified
5	JointBERT-CAE	F1	0.96	—	Unverified
6	AGIF	F1	0.96	—	Unverified
7	Joint BERT + CRF	F1	0.96	—	Unverified
8	Attention Encoder-Decoder NN	F1	0.96	—	Unverified
9	Context Encoder	F1	0.96	—	Unverified
10	SF-ID	F1	0.96	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	CTRAN	F1	98.3	—	Unverified
2	Stack-Propagation (+BERT)	F1	97	—	Unverified
3	JointBERT-CAE	F1	97	—	Unverified
4	AGIF	F1	94.8	—	Unverified
5	Stack-Propagation	F1	94.2	—	Unverified
6	Context Encoder	F1	93.6	—	Unverified
7	SF-ID	F1	92.23	—	Unverified
8	Slot-Gated BLSTM with Attension	F1	88.8	—	Unverified
9	DecomposedMetaSL	F1 (1-shot) avg	74.89	—	Unverified
10	Capsule-NLU	F1	0.92	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	TDT 0-6	F1	0.81	—	Unverified
2	Partially Fine-tuned HuBERT	F1	0.75	—	Unverified
3	Multi-SLURP	F1	0.64	—	Unverified
4	Finstreder (Conformer)	F1	0.4	—	Unverified
5	Finstreder (Quartznet)	F1	0.31	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	XLM-R Base	Slot F1 Score	83.6	—	Unverified
2	mT5 Base (encoder-only)	Slot F1 Score	82.2	—	Unverified
3	mT5 Base (text-to-text)	Slot F1 Score	81.3	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	JointBERT-CAE	Slot F1	95.5	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	CM-Net	F1	86.16	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	MIDAS	F1 score	98.56	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	MIDAS	F1 score	99.28	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Fashion GAE	FITB	96.9	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	General SLU Model w/ Profile	F1	0.83	—	Unverified