Slot Filling

The goal of Slot Filling is to identify from a running dialog different slots, which correspond to different parameters of the user’s query. For instance, when a user queries for nearby restaurants, key slots for location and preferred food are required for a dialog system to retrieve the appropriate information. Thus, the main challenge in the slot-filling task is to extract the target entity.

Source: Real-time On-Demand Crowd-powered Entity Extraction

Image credit: Robust Retrieval Augmented Generation for Zero-shot Slot Filling

Papers

Recently Added Most Hyped Most Active Needs Verification Most Verified

Showing 101–125 of 458 papers

Title	Date	Tasks	Status	Score
Multilingual Relation Extraction using Compositional Universal Schema	Nov 19, 2015	Knowledge Base ConstructionRelation	CodeCode Available	5
Natural Language Does Not Emerge `Naturally' in Multi-Agent Dialog	Sep 1, 2017	Slot Filling	CodeCode Available	5
How Time Matters: Learning Time-Decay Attention for Contextual Spoken Language Understanding in Dialogues	Jun 1, 2018	Dialogue State TrackingImage Captioning	CodeCode Available	5
Improving Dialectal Slot and Intent Detection with Auxiliary Tasks: A Multi-Dialectal Bavarian Case Study	Jan 7, 2025	intent-classificationIntent Classification	CodeCode Available	5
Attention-Based Recurrent Neural Network Models for Joint Intent Detection and Slot Filling	Sep 6, 2016	Decoderintent-classification	CodeCode Available	5
Intent Detection and Slot Filling for Home Assistants: Dataset and Analysis for Bangla and Sylheti	Oct 17, 2023	Intent Detectionslot-filling	CodeCode Available	5
Matching-based Term Semantics Pre-training for Spoken Patient Query Understanding	Mar 2, 2023	slot-fillingSlot Filling	CodeCode Available	5
Call Larisa Ivanovna: Code-Switching Fools Multilingual NLU Models	Sep 29, 2021	Cross-Lingual TransferIntent Recognition	CodeCode Available	5
Attention-Informed Mixed-Language Training for Zero-shot Cross-lingual Task-oriented Dialogue Systems	Nov 21, 2019	Dialogue State TrackingIntent Detection	CodeCode Available	5
CAE: Mechanism to Diminish the Class Imbalanced in SLU Slot Filling Task	Sep 21, 2022	intent-classificationIntent Classification	CodeCode Available	5
Generative Zero-Shot Prompt Learning for Cross-Domain Slot Filling with Inverse Prompting	Jul 6, 2023	Prompt Learningslot-filling	CodeCode Available	5
GenSF: Simultaneous Adaptation of Generative Pre-trained Models and Slot Filling	Jun 13, 2021	Open-Domain Dialogslot-filling	CodeCode Available	5
Finstreder: Simple and fast Spoken Language Understanding with Finite State Transducers using modern Speech-to-Text models	Jun 29, 2022	Intent ClassificationSlot Filling	CodeCode Available	5
Adaptive End-to-End Metric Learning for Zero-Shot Cross-Domain Slot Filling	Oct 23, 2023	Computational EfficiencyMetric Learning	CodeCode Available	5
From Disfluency Detection to Intent Detection and Slot Filling	Sep 17, 2022	Intent DetectionLanguage Modeling	CodeCode Available	5
A Novel Bi-directional Interrelated Model for Joint Intent Detection and Slot Filling	Jun 30, 2019	Intent DetectionSentence	CodeCode Available	5
Decomposed Meta-Learning for Few-Shot Sequence Labeling	Mar 4, 2024	Entity TypingEvent Detection	CodeCode Available	5
Analyzing BERT Cross-lingual Transfer Capabilities in Continual Sequence Labeling	Oct 1, 2022	Continual LearningCross-Lingual Transfer	CodeCode Available	5
Deep Cascade Multi-task Learning for Slot Filling in Online Shopping Assistant	Mar 30, 2018	Multi-Task LearningNatural Language Understanding	CodeCode Available	5
DELTA: A DEep learning based Language Technology plAtform	Aug 2, 2019	Abstractive Text SummarizationDeep Learning	CodeCode Available	5
DemoNSF: A Multi-task Demonstration-based Generative Framework for Noisy Slot Filling Task	Oct 16, 2023	slot-fillingSlot Filling	CodeCode Available	5
Slot Filling for Biomedical Information Extraction	Sep 17, 2021	named-entity-recognitionNamed Entity Recognition	CodeCode Available	5
Extracting Multi-valued Relations from Language Models	Jul 6, 2023	Relationslot-filling	CodeCode Available	5
From Masked Language Modeling to Translation: Non-English Auxiliary Tasks Improve Zero-shot Spoken Language Understanding	May 15, 2021	intent-classificationIntent Classification	CodeCode Available	5
Evaluating Induced CCG Parsers on Grounded Semantic Parsing	Sep 29, 2016	Semantic Parsingslot-filling	CodeCode Available	5

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All datasets KILT: Zero Shot RE KILT: T-REx MixSNIPS MixATIS ATIS SNIPS SLURP MASSIVE ATIS (vi)CAIS Dialogue State Tracking Challenge MULTIWOZ 2.2

Benchmark Results

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	single ngram	KILT-AC	73.2	—	Unverified
2	KGI_1	KILT-AC	72.31	—	Unverified
3	MetaRAG	KILT-AC	71.1	—	Unverified
4	KGI_0 (reupload)	KILT-AC	68.32	—	Unverified
5	Wikipedia	KILT-AC	67.2	—	Unverified
6	Multitask DPR + BART	KILT-AC	50.64	—	Unverified
7	10k	KILT-AC	41.34	—	Unverified
8	DensePhrases	KILT-AC	41.34	—	Unverified
9	RAG	KILT-AC	36.83	—	Unverified
10	Coop. Distil Bert	KILT-AC	34.13	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Re2G	KILT-AC	75.84	—	Unverified
2	KGI_1	KILT-AC	69.14	—	Unverified
3	Wikipedia	KILT-AC	64.64	—	Unverified
4	MetaRAG	KILT-AC	61.88	—	Unverified
5	single ngram	KILT-AC	60.08	—	Unverified
6	KGI_0 (reupload)	KILT-AC	55.54	—	Unverified
7	Coop. DistilBert	KILT-AC	36.68	—	Unverified
8	DensePhrases	KILT-AC	27.84	—	Unverified
9	10k	KILT-AC	27.84	—	Unverified
10	RAG	KILT-AC	23.12	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	BiSLU	Micro F1	97.2	—	Unverified
2	SLIM (PACL)	Micro F1	96.8	—	Unverified
3	SLIM	Micro F1	96.5	—	Unverified
4	Uni-MIS	Micro F1	96.4	—	Unverified
5	TFMN	Micro F1	96.4	—	Unverified
6	TFMN (PACL)	Micro F1	96.3	—	Unverified
7	RoBERTa (PACL)	Micro F1	96.2	—	Unverified
8	DGIF	Micro F1	95.9	—	Unverified
9	SSRAN	Micro F1	95.8	—	Unverified
10	MISCA	Micro F1	95.2	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	MISCA	Micro F1	90.5	—	Unverified
2	Co-guiding Net	Micro F1	89.8	—	Unverified
3	SSRAN	Micro F1	89.4	—	Unverified
4	BiSLU	Micro F1	89.4	—	Unverified
5	UGEN	Micro F1	89.2	—	Unverified
6	Topic Information	Micro F1	88.7	—	Unverified
7	SLIM	Micro F1	88.5	—	Unverified
8	Global Intent-Slot Co-occurence	Micro F1	88.5	—	Unverified
9	DGIF	Micro F1	88.5	—	Unverified
10	Uni-MIS	Micro F1	88.3	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	CTRAN	F1	0.98	—	Unverified
2	Bi-model with a decoder	F1	0.97	—	Unverified
3	Joint BERT	F1	0.96	—	Unverified
4	Stack-Propagation (+BERT)	F1	0.96	—	Unverified
5	JointBERT-CAE	F1	0.96	—	Unverified
6	AGIF	F1	0.96	—	Unverified
7	Joint BERT + CRF	F1	0.96	—	Unverified
8	Attention Encoder-Decoder NN	F1	0.96	—	Unverified
9	Context Encoder	F1	0.96	—	Unverified
10	SF-ID	F1	0.96	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	CTRAN	F1	98.3	—	Unverified
2	Stack-Propagation (+BERT)	F1	97	—	Unverified
3	JointBERT-CAE	F1	97	—	Unverified
4	AGIF	F1	94.8	—	Unverified
5	Stack-Propagation	F1	94.2	—	Unverified
6	Context Encoder	F1	93.6	—	Unverified
7	SF-ID	F1	92.23	—	Unverified
8	Slot-Gated BLSTM with Attension	F1	88.8	—	Unverified
9	DecomposedMetaSL	F1 (1-shot) avg	74.89	—	Unverified
10	Capsule-NLU	F1	0.92	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	TDT 0-6	F1	0.81	—	Unverified
2	Partially Fine-tuned HuBERT	F1	0.75	—	Unverified
3	Multi-SLURP	F1	0.64	—	Unverified
4	Finstreder (Conformer)	F1	0.4	—	Unverified
5	Finstreder (Quartznet)	F1	0.31	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	XLM-R Base	Slot F1 Score	83.6	—	Unverified
2	mT5 Base (encoder-only)	Slot F1 Score	82.2	—	Unverified
3	mT5 Base (text-to-text)	Slot F1 Score	81.3	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	JointBERT-CAE	Slot F1	95.5	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	CM-Net	F1	86.16	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	MIDAS	F1 score	98.56	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	MIDAS	F1 score	99.28	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Fashion GAE	FITB	96.9	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	General SLU Model w/ Profile	F1	0.83	—	Unverified