Slot Filling

The goal of Slot Filling is to identify from a running dialog different slots, which correspond to different parameters of the user’s query. For instance, when a user queries for nearby restaurants, key slots for location and preferred food are required for a dialog system to retrieve the appropriate information. Thus, the main challenge in the slot-filling task is to extract the target entity.

Source: Real-time On-Demand Crowd-powered Entity Extraction

Image credit: Robust Retrieval Augmented Generation for Zero-shot Slot Filling

Papers

Recently Added Most Hyped Most Active Needs Verification Most Verified

Showing 76–100 of 458 papers

Title	Date	Tasks	Status
DBpedia: A Multilingual Cross-domain Knowledge Base	May 1, 2012	Entity LinkingQuestion Answering	—Unverified
Analysing recall loss in named entity slot filling	Oct 1, 2014	Knowledge Base PopulationNamed Entity Recognition (NER)	—Unverified
Attention-based Semantic Priming for Slot-filling	Jul 1, 2018	slot-fillingSlot Filling	—Unverified
Data Augmentation by Data Noising for Open-vocabulary Slots in Spoken Language Understanding	Jun 1, 2019	Data Augmentationslot-filling	—Unverified
An Adapter-Based Unified Model for Multiple Spoken Language Processing Tasks	Jun 20, 2024	Automatic Speech RecognitionDecoder	—Unverified
A Transformer-based Threshold-Free Framework for Multi-Intent NLU	Oct 1, 2022	Intent DetectionMulti-Task Learning	—Unverified
A Dynamic Graph Interactive Framework with Label-Semantic Injection for Spoken Language Understanding	Nov 8, 2022	Intent DetectionSemantic Frame Parsing	—Unverified
Data Augmentation for Personal Knowledge Base Population	Feb 23, 2020	Data AugmentationFairness	—Unverified
A survey of joint intent detection and slot-filling models in natural language understanding	Jan 20, 2021	ClassificationGeneral Classification	—Unverified
A Survey of Intent Classification and Slot-Filling Datasets for Task-Oriented Dialog	Jul 26, 2022	Classificationintent-classification	—Unverified
A Statistical Spoken Dialogue System using Complex User Goals and Value Directed Compression	Apr 1, 2012	Slot FillingSpoken Dialogue Systems	—Unverified
Adversarial Semantic Decoupling for Recognizing Open-Vocabulary Slots	Nov 1, 2020	Sentenceslot-filling	—Unverified
A Comparison of the Events and Relations Across ACE, ERE, TAC-KBP, and FrameNet Annotation Standards	Jun 1, 2014	Relation ExtractionSemantic Parsing	—Unverified
CUAB: Supervised Learning of Disorders and their Attributes using Relations	Jun 1, 2015	Slot Filling	—Unverified
Data balancing for boosting performance of low-frequency classes in Spoken Language Understanding	Aug 6, 2020	intent-classificationIntent Classification	—Unverified
Decision-Theoretic Question Generation for Situated Reference Resolution: An Empirical Study and Computational Model	Oct 12, 2021	Question GenerationQuestion-Generation	—Unverified
Comparing Automatic Evaluation Measures for Image Description	Jun 1, 2014	Image DescriptionSlot Filling	—Unverified
Combining Word-Level and Character-Level Representations for Relation Classification of Informal Text	Aug 1, 2017	ClassificationGeneral Classification	—Unverified
A Sequence-to-sequence Approach for Numerical Slot-filling Dialog Systems	Jul 1, 2020	Question GenerationQuestion-Generation	—Unverified
Comparing Convolutional Neural Networks to Traditional Models for Slot Filling	Mar 16, 2016	ClassificationGeneral Classification	—Unverified
Alexa Teacher Model: Pretraining and Distilling Multi-Billion-Parameter Encoders for Natural Language Understanding Systems	Jun 15, 2022	Cross-Lingual Natural Language Inferenceintent-classification	—Unverified
CONDA: a CONtextual Dual-Annotated dataset for in-game toxicity understanding and detection	Jun 11, 2021	Dota 2intent-classification	—Unverified
Confidence Estimation for Knowledge Base Population	Sep 1, 2013	Knowledge Base PopulationMachine Translation	—Unverified
Combining Word Feature Vector Method with the Convolutional Neural Network for Slot Filling in Spoken Language Understanding	Jun 18, 2018	Sentenceslot-filling	—Unverified
Combining Supervised and Unsupervised Enembles for Knowledge Base Population	Nov 1, 2016	Entity LinkingKnowledge Base Population	—Unverified

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All datasets KILT: Zero Shot RE KILT: T-REx MixSNIPS MixATIS ATIS SNIPS SLURP MASSIVE ATIS (vi)CAIS Dialogue State Tracking Challenge MULTIWOZ 2.2

Benchmark Results

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	single ngram	KILT-AC	73.2	—	Unverified
2	KGI_1	KILT-AC	72.31	—	Unverified
3	MetaRAG	KILT-AC	71.1	—	Unverified
4	KGI_0 (reupload)	KILT-AC	68.32	—	Unverified
5	Wikipedia	KILT-AC	67.2	—	Unverified
6	Multitask DPR + BART	KILT-AC	50.64	—	Unverified
7	10k	KILT-AC	41.34	—	Unverified
8	DensePhrases	KILT-AC	41.34	—	Unverified
9	RAG	KILT-AC	36.83	—	Unverified
10	Coop. Distil Bert	KILT-AC	34.13	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Re2G	KILT-AC	75.84	—	Unverified
2	KGI_1	KILT-AC	69.14	—	Unverified
3	Wikipedia	KILT-AC	64.64	—	Unverified
4	MetaRAG	KILT-AC	61.88	—	Unverified
5	single ngram	KILT-AC	60.08	—	Unverified
6	KGI_0 (reupload)	KILT-AC	55.54	—	Unverified
7	Coop. DistilBert	KILT-AC	36.68	—	Unverified
8	DensePhrases	KILT-AC	27.84	—	Unverified
9	10k	KILT-AC	27.84	—	Unverified
10	RAG	KILT-AC	23.12	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	BiSLU	Micro F1	97.2	—	Unverified
2	SLIM (PACL)	Micro F1	96.8	—	Unverified
3	SLIM	Micro F1	96.5	—	Unverified
4	Uni-MIS	Micro F1	96.4	—	Unverified
5	TFMN	Micro F1	96.4	—	Unverified
6	TFMN (PACL)	Micro F1	96.3	—	Unverified
7	RoBERTa (PACL)	Micro F1	96.2	—	Unverified
8	DGIF	Micro F1	95.9	—	Unverified
9	SSRAN	Micro F1	95.8	—	Unverified
10	MISCA	Micro F1	95.2	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	MISCA	Micro F1	90.5	—	Unverified
2	Co-guiding Net	Micro F1	89.8	—	Unverified
3	SSRAN	Micro F1	89.4	—	Unverified
4	BiSLU	Micro F1	89.4	—	Unverified
5	UGEN	Micro F1	89.2	—	Unverified
6	Topic Information	Micro F1	88.7	—	Unverified
7	SLIM	Micro F1	88.5	—	Unverified
8	Global Intent-Slot Co-occurence	Micro F1	88.5	—	Unverified
9	DGIF	Micro F1	88.5	—	Unverified
10	Uni-MIS	Micro F1	88.3	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	CTRAN	F1	0.98	—	Unverified
2	Bi-model with a decoder	F1	0.97	—	Unverified
3	Joint BERT	F1	0.96	—	Unverified
4	Stack-Propagation (+BERT)	F1	0.96	—	Unverified
5	JointBERT-CAE	F1	0.96	—	Unverified
6	AGIF	F1	0.96	—	Unverified
7	Joint BERT + CRF	F1	0.96	—	Unverified
8	Attention Encoder-Decoder NN	F1	0.96	—	Unverified
9	Context Encoder	F1	0.96	—	Unverified
10	SF-ID	F1	0.96	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	CTRAN	F1	98.3	—	Unverified
2	Stack-Propagation (+BERT)	F1	97	—	Unverified
3	JointBERT-CAE	F1	97	—	Unverified
4	AGIF	F1	94.8	—	Unverified
5	Stack-Propagation	F1	94.2	—	Unverified
6	Context Encoder	F1	93.6	—	Unverified
7	SF-ID	F1	92.23	—	Unverified
8	Slot-Gated BLSTM with Attension	F1	88.8	—	Unverified
9	DecomposedMetaSL	F1 (1-shot) avg	74.89	—	Unverified
10	Capsule-NLU	F1	0.92	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	TDT 0-6	F1	0.81	—	Unverified
2	Partially Fine-tuned HuBERT	F1	0.75	—	Unverified
3	Multi-SLURP	F1	0.64	—	Unverified
4	Finstreder (Conformer)	F1	0.4	—	Unverified
5	Finstreder (Quartznet)	F1	0.31	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	XLM-R Base	Slot F1 Score	83.6	—	Unverified
2	mT5 Base (encoder-only)	Slot F1 Score	82.2	—	Unverified
3	mT5 Base (text-to-text)	Slot F1 Score	81.3	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	JointBERT-CAE	Slot F1	95.5	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	CM-Net	F1	86.16	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	MIDAS	F1 score	98.56	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	MIDAS	F1 score	99.28	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Fashion GAE	FITB	96.9	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	General SLU Model w/ Profile	F1	0.83	—	Unverified