Slot Filling

The goal of Slot Filling is to identify from a running dialog different slots, which correspond to different parameters of the user’s query. For instance, when a user queries for nearby restaurants, key slots for location and preferred food are required for a dialog system to retrieve the appropriate information. Thus, the main challenge in the slot-filling task is to extract the target entity.

Source: Real-time On-Demand Crowd-powered Entity Extraction

Image credit: Robust Retrieval Augmented Generation for Zero-shot Slot Filling

Papers

Recently Added Most Hyped Most Active Needs Verification Most Verified

Showing 1–25 of 458 papers

Title	Date	Tasks	Status	Hype
SALMONN: Towards Generic Hearing Abilities for Large Language Models	Oct 20, 2023	Audio captioningAutomatic Speech Recognition	CodeCode Available	3
Unsupervised Information Refinement Training of Large Language Models for Retrieval-Augmented Generation	Feb 28, 2024	Code GenerationIn-Context Learning	CodeCode Available	2
Learning Dense Representations of Phrases at Scale	Dec 23, 2020	Open-Domain Question AnsweringQuestion Answering	CodeCode Available	2
MASSIVE: A 1M-Example Multilingual Natural Language Understanding Dataset with 51 Typologically-Diverse Languages	Apr 18, 2022	intent-classificationIntent Classification	CodeCode Available	2
SeaD: End-to-end Text-to-SQL Generation with Schema-aware Denoising	May 17, 2021	DecoderDenoising	CodeCode Available	2
iobes: A Library for Span-Level Processing	Oct 9, 2020	named-entity-recognitionNamed Entity Recognition	CodeCode Available	1
Injecting Word Information with Multi-Level Word Adapter for Chinese Spoken Language Understanding	Oct 8, 2020	Intent DetectionSentence	CodeCode Available	1
iobes: Library for Span Level Processing	Nov 1, 2020	named-entity-recognitionNamed Entity Recognition	CodeCode Available	1
Efficient Sequence Transduction by Jointly Predicting Tokens and Durations	Apr 13, 2023	Intent ClassificationIntent Classification and Slot Filling	CodeCode Available	1
Co-guiding Net: Achieving Mutual Guidances between Multiple Intent Detection and Slot Filling via Heterogeneous Semantics-Label Graphs	Oct 19, 2022	Graph AttentionIntent Detection	CodeCode Available	1
GL-GIN: Fast and Accurate Non-Autoregressive Model for Joint Multiple Intent Detection and Slot Filling	Jun 3, 2021	Intent DetectionSemantic Frame Parsing	CodeCode Available	1
ILLUMINER: Instruction-tuned Large Language Models as Few-shot Intent Classifier and Slot Filler	Mar 26, 2024	In-Context Learningintent-classification	CodeCode Available	1
Intent Classification and Slot Filling for Privacy Policies	Jan 1, 2021	General Classificationintent-classification	CodeCode Available	1
Intent Detection and Slot Filling for Vietnamese	Apr 5, 2021	Intent Classification and Slot FillingIntent Detection	CodeCode Available	1
Evaluating Entity Disambiguation and the Role of Popularity in Retrieval-Based NLP	Jun 12, 2021	Entity DisambiguationEntity Retrieval	CodeCode Available	1
BERT for Joint Intent Classification and Slot Filling	Feb 28, 2019	General Classificationintent-classification	CodeCode Available	1
API-BLEND: A Comprehensive Corpora for Training and Benchmarking API LLMs	Feb 23, 2024	Benchmarkingslot-filling	CodeCode Available	1
Bridge to Target Domain by Prototypical Contrastive Learning and Label Confusion: Re-explore Zero-Shot Learning for Slot Filling	Oct 7, 2021	Contrastive Learningslot-filling	CodeCode Available	1
A Co-Interactive Transformer for Joint Slot Filling and Intent Detection	Oct 8, 2020	Intent Detectionslot-filling	CodeCode Available	1
Coach: A Coarse-to-Fine Approach for Cross-domain Slot Filling	Apr 24, 2020	Cross-Domain Named Entity Recognitionnamed-entity-recognition	CodeCode Available	1
CTRAN: CNN-Transformer-based Network for Natural Language Understanding	Mar 19, 2023	DecoderIntent Detection	CodeCode Available	1
Data Programming: Creating Large Training Sets, Quickly	May 25, 2016	BIG-bench Machine LearningSlot Filling	CodeCode Available	1
Extracting a Knowledge Base of COVID-19 Events from Social Media	Jun 3, 2020	Extracting COVID-19 Events from Twitterslot-filling	CodeCode Available	1
A Multi-Task BERT Model for Schema-Guided Dialogue State Tracking	Jul 2, 2022	Dialogue State TrackingIntent Classification	CodeCode Available	1
An Enhanced Span-based Decomposition Method for Few-Shot Sequence Labeling	Sep 27, 2021	Few-shot NERMeta-Learning	CodeCode Available	1

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All datasets KILT: Zero Shot RE KILT: T-REx MixSNIPS MixATIS ATIS SNIPS SLURP MASSIVE ATIS (vi)CAIS Dialogue State Tracking Challenge MULTIWOZ 2.2

Benchmark Results

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	single ngram	KILT-AC	73.2	—	Unverified
2	KGI_1	KILT-AC	72.31	—	Unverified
3	MetaRAG	KILT-AC	71.1	—	Unverified
4	KGI_0 (reupload)	KILT-AC	68.32	—	Unverified
5	Wikipedia	KILT-AC	67.2	—	Unverified
6	Multitask DPR + BART	KILT-AC	50.64	—	Unverified
7	10k	KILT-AC	41.34	—	Unverified
8	DensePhrases	KILT-AC	41.34	—	Unverified
9	RAG	KILT-AC	36.83	—	Unverified
10	Coop. Distil Bert	KILT-AC	34.13	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Re2G	KILT-AC	75.84	—	Unverified
2	KGI_1	KILT-AC	69.14	—	Unverified
3	Wikipedia	KILT-AC	64.64	—	Unverified
4	MetaRAG	KILT-AC	61.88	—	Unverified
5	single ngram	KILT-AC	60.08	—	Unverified
6	KGI_0 (reupload)	KILT-AC	55.54	—	Unverified
7	Coop. DistilBert	KILT-AC	36.68	—	Unverified
8	DensePhrases	KILT-AC	27.84	—	Unverified
9	10k	KILT-AC	27.84	—	Unverified
10	RAG	KILT-AC	23.12	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	BiSLU	Micro F1	97.2	—	Unverified
2	SLIM (PACL)	Micro F1	96.8	—	Unverified
3	SLIM	Micro F1	96.5	—	Unverified
4	Uni-MIS	Micro F1	96.4	—	Unverified
5	TFMN	Micro F1	96.4	—	Unverified
6	TFMN (PACL)	Micro F1	96.3	—	Unverified
7	RoBERTa (PACL)	Micro F1	96.2	—	Unverified
8	DGIF	Micro F1	95.9	—	Unverified
9	SSRAN	Micro F1	95.8	—	Unverified
10	MISCA	Micro F1	95.2	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	MISCA	Micro F1	90.5	—	Unverified
2	Co-guiding Net	Micro F1	89.8	—	Unverified
3	SSRAN	Micro F1	89.4	—	Unverified
4	BiSLU	Micro F1	89.4	—	Unverified
5	UGEN	Micro F1	89.2	—	Unverified
6	Topic Information	Micro F1	88.7	—	Unverified
7	SLIM	Micro F1	88.5	—	Unverified
8	Global Intent-Slot Co-occurence	Micro F1	88.5	—	Unverified
9	DGIF	Micro F1	88.5	—	Unverified
10	Uni-MIS	Micro F1	88.3	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	CTRAN	F1	0.98	—	Unverified
2	Bi-model with a decoder	F1	0.97	—	Unverified
3	Joint BERT	F1	0.96	—	Unverified
4	Stack-Propagation (+BERT)	F1	0.96	—	Unverified
5	JointBERT-CAE	F1	0.96	—	Unverified
6	AGIF	F1	0.96	—	Unverified
7	Joint BERT + CRF	F1	0.96	—	Unverified
8	Attention Encoder-Decoder NN	F1	0.96	—	Unverified
9	Context Encoder	F1	0.96	—	Unverified
10	SF-ID	F1	0.96	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	CTRAN	F1	98.3	—	Unverified
2	Stack-Propagation (+BERT)	F1	97	—	Unverified
3	JointBERT-CAE	F1	97	—	Unverified
4	AGIF	F1	94.8	—	Unverified
5	Stack-Propagation	F1	94.2	—	Unverified
6	Context Encoder	F1	93.6	—	Unverified
7	SF-ID	F1	92.23	—	Unverified
8	Slot-Gated BLSTM with Attension	F1	88.8	—	Unverified
9	DecomposedMetaSL	F1 (1-shot) avg	74.89	—	Unverified
10	Capsule-NLU	F1	0.92	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	TDT 0-6	F1	0.81	—	Unverified
2	Partially Fine-tuned HuBERT	F1	0.75	—	Unverified
3	Multi-SLURP	F1	0.64	—	Unverified
4	Finstreder (Conformer)	F1	0.4	—	Unverified
5	Finstreder (Quartznet)	F1	0.31	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	XLM-R Base	Slot F1 Score	83.6	—	Unverified
2	mT5 Base (encoder-only)	Slot F1 Score	82.2	—	Unverified
3	mT5 Base (text-to-text)	Slot F1 Score	81.3	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	JointBERT-CAE	Slot F1	95.5	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	CM-Net	F1	86.16	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	MIDAS	F1 score	98.56	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	MIDAS	F1 score	99.28	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Fashion GAE	FITB	96.9	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	General SLU Model w/ Profile	F1	0.83	—	Unverified