Question Answering

Question answering can be segmented into domain-specific tasks like community question answering and knowledge-base question answering. Popular benchmark datasets for evaluation question answering systems include SQuAD, HotPotQA, bAbI, TriviaQA, WikiQA, and many others. Models for question answering are typically evaluated on metrics like EM and F1. Some recent top performing models are T5 and XLNet.

( Image credit: SQuAD )

Papers

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Showing 2876–2900 of 10817 papers

Title	Date	Tasks	Status	Score
aNMM: Ranking Short Answer Texts with Attention-Based Neural Matching Model	Jan 5, 2018	Feature EngineeringQuestion Answering	CodeCode Available	5
Adversarial Training with OCR Modality Perturbation for Scene-Text Visual Question Answering	Mar 14, 2024	Optical Character RecognitionOptical Character Recognition (OCR)	CodeCode Available	5
LittleMu: Deploying an Online Virtual Teaching Assistant via Heterogeneous Sources Integration and Chain of Teach Prompts	Aug 11, 2023	Language ModellingQuestion Answering	CodeCode Available	5
Benchmarking Hallucination in Large Language Models based on Unanswerable Math Word Problem	Mar 6, 2024	BenchmarkingHallucination	CodeCode Available	5
Learning Intrinsic Sparse Structures within Long Short-Term Memory	Sep 15, 2017	Language ModelingLanguage Modelling	CodeCode Available	5
Learning Representations of Sets through Optimized Permutations	Dec 10, 2018	General ClassificationQuestion Answering	CodeCode Available	5
Learning Distributed Representations of Texts and Entities from Knowledge Base	May 6, 2017	Entity DisambiguationEntity Linking	CodeCode Available	5
Learning Efficient and Generalizable Graph Retriever for Knowledge-Graph Question Answering	Jun 11, 2025	Graph Question AnsweringKnowledge Graphs	CodeCode Available	5
Discourse Representation Structure Parsing	Jul 1, 2018	PredictionQuestion Answering	CodeCode Available	5
Discourse Comprehension: A Question Answering Framework to Represent Sentence Connections	Nov 1, 2021	Question AnsweringReading Comprehension	CodeCode Available	5
Learning content and context with language bias for Visual Question Answering	Dec 21, 2020	Question AnsweringVisual Question Answering	CodeCode Available	5
Learning by Correction: Efficient Tuning Task for Zero-Shot Generative Vision-Language Reasoning	Apr 1, 2024	Image CaptioningInstruction Following	CodeCode Available	5
Learning Conditioned Graph Structures for Interpretable Visual Question Answering	Jun 19, 2018	Question AnsweringVisual Question Answering	CodeCode Available	5
Learning to Deceive Knowledge Graph Augmented Models via Targeted Perturbation	Oct 24, 2020	Knowledge GraphsQuestion Answering	CodeCode Available	5
Learned in Translation: Contextualized Word Vectors	Aug 1, 2017	General ClassificationMachine Translation	CodeCode Available	5
Learn from Downstream and Be Yourself in Multimodal Large Language Model Fine-Tuning	Nov 17, 2024	Image CaptioningLanguage Modeling	CodeCode Available	5
Leap-LSTM: Enhancing Long Short-Term Memory for Text Categorization	May 28, 2019	General ClassificationMachine Translation	CodeCode Available	5
Learning a Cost-Effective Annotation Policy for Question Answering	Oct 7, 2020	Question Answering	CodeCode Available	5
LayoutLMv3: Pre-training for Document AI with Unified Text and Image Masking	Apr 18, 2022	cross-modal alignmentDocument AI	CodeCode Available	5
Learning Action-Effect Dynamics for Hypothetical Vision-Language Reasoning Task	Dec 7, 2022	DecoderGraph Question Answering	CodeCode Available	5
Latent Entities Extraction: How to Extract Entities that Do Not Appear in the Text?	Oct 1, 2018	Multi-Task Learningnamed-entity-recognition	CodeCode Available	5
Latent Paraphrasing: Perturbation on Layers Improves Knowledge Injection in Language Models	Nov 1, 2024	DiversityParaphrase Generation	CodeCode Available	5
Large-scale Simple Question Answering with Memory Networks	Jun 5, 2015	Question AnsweringTransfer Learning	CodeCode Available	5
Latent Alignment and Variational Attention	Jul 10, 2018	Hard AttentionMachine Translation	CodeCode Available	5
Large-scale Exploration of Neural Relation Classification Architectures	Oct 1, 2018	ClassificationGeneral Classification	CodeCode Available	5

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All datasets SQuAD2.0 SQuAD1.1 HotpotQA PIQA BoolQ COPA TriviaQA SQuAD1.1 dev Natural Questions OpenBookQA TruthfulQA MultiRC

Benchmark Results

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	IE-Net (ensemble)	EM	90.94	—	Unverified
2	FPNet (ensemble)	EM	90.87	—	Unverified
3	IE-NetV2 (ensemble)	EM	90.86	—	Unverified
4	SA-Net on Albert (ensemble)	EM	90.72	—	Unverified
5	SA-Net-V2 (ensemble)	EM	90.68	—	Unverified
6	FPNet (ensemble)	EM	90.6	—	Unverified
7	Retro-Reader (ensemble)	EM	90.58	—	Unverified
8	EntitySpanFocusV2 (ensemble)	EM	90.52	—	Unverified
9	TransNets + SFVerifier + SFEnsembler (ensemble)	EM	90.49	—	Unverified
10	EntitySpanFocus+AT (ensemble)	EM	90.45	—	Unverified