Open-Domain Question Answering

Open-domain question answering is the task of question answering on open-domain datasets such as Wikipedia.

Papers

Recently Added Most Hyped Most Active Needs Verification Most Verified

Showing 151–200 of 494 papers

Title	Date	Tasks	Status	Score
RFiD: Towards Rational Fusion-in-Decoder for Open-Domain Question Answering	May 26, 2023	DecoderNatural Questions	CodeCode Available	5
RocketQA: An Optimized Training Approach to Dense Passage Retrieval for Open-Domain Question Answering	Oct 16, 2020	Data AugmentationNatural Questions	CodeCode Available	5
Benchmarking LLM-based Relevance Judgment Methods	Apr 17, 2025	BenchmarkingOpen-Domain Question Answering	CodeCode Available	5
Re-Examining Calibration: The Case of Question Answering	May 25, 2022	Open-Domain Question AnsweringQuestion Answering	CodeCode Available	5
RocketQAv2: A Joint Training Method for Dense Passage Retrieval and Passage Re-ranking	Oct 14, 2021	Data AugmentationInformation Retrieval	CodeCode Available	5
Semantic Parsing via Staged Query Graph Generation: Question Answering with Knowledge Base	Jul 1, 2015	Entity LinkingGraph Generation	CodeCode Available	5
Cross-Pair Text Representations for Answer Sentence Selection	Oct 1, 2018	Natural Language InferenceOpen-Domain Question Answering	CodeCode Available	5
Allies: Prompting Large Language Model with Beam Search	May 24, 2023	Language ModelingLanguage Modelling	CodeCode Available	5
RE-RAG: Improving Open-Domain QA Performance and Interpretability with Relevance Estimator in Retrieval-Augmented Generation	Jun 9, 2024	Document RankingNatural Questions	CodeCode Available	5
Scaling Reasoning can Improve Factuality in Large Language Models	May 16, 2025	Knowledge GraphsLarge Language Model	CodeCode Available	5
Semi-Parametric Retrieval via Binary Bag-of-Tokens Index	May 3, 2024	Information RetrievalOpen-Domain Question Answering	CodeCode Available	5
Real-Time Open-Domain Question Answering with Dense-Sparse Phrase Index	Jun 13, 2019	GPUOpen-Domain Question Answering	CodeCode Available	5
Attacking Open-domain Question Answering by Injecting Misinformation	Oct 15, 2021	MisinformationOpen-Domain Question Answering	CodeCode Available	5
Ranking Paragraphs for Improving Answer Recall in Open-Domain Question Answering	Oct 1, 2018	Information RetrievalOpen-Domain Question Answering	CodeCode Available	5
RAVEN: In-Context Learning with Retrieval-Augmented Encoder-Decoder Language Models	Aug 15, 2023	DecoderIn-Context Learning	CodeCode Available	5
QPaug: Question and Passage Augmentation for Open-Domain Question Answering of LLMs	Jun 20, 2024	Open-Domain Question AnsweringQuestion Answering	CodeCode Available	5
Analysing the Robustness of Dual Encoders for Dense Retrieval Against Misspellings	May 4, 2022	Contrastive LearningData Augmentation	CodeCode Available	5
R^3: Reinforced Reader-Ranker for Open-Domain Question Answering	Aug 31, 2017	Answer GenerationInformation Retrieval	CodeCode Available	5
Pre-training Cross-lingual Open Domain Question Answering with Large-scale Synthetic Supervision	Feb 26, 2024	Answer GenerationCross-Lingual Question Answering	CodeCode Available	5
Fine-tune the Entire RAG Architecture (including DPR retriever) for Question-Answering	Jun 22, 2021	Open-Domain Question AnsweringQuestion Answering	CodeCode Available	5
Combining Lexical and Dense Retrieval for Computationally Efficient Multi-hop Question Answering	Jun 15, 2021	Multi-hop Question AnsweringOpen-Domain Question Answering	CodeCode Available	5
Passage-specific Prompt Tuning for Passage Reranking in Question Answering with Large Language Models	May 31, 2024	Open-Domain Question AnsweringPassage Reranking	CodeCode Available	5
Few-Shot Multilingual Open-Domain QA from 5 Examples	Feb 27, 2025	Few-Shot LearningOpen-Domain Question Answering	CodeCode Available	5
RA-MTR: A Retrieval Augmented Multi-Task Reader based Approach for Inspirational Quote Extraction from Long Documents	Feb 17, 2025	ArticlesOpen-Domain Question Answering	CodeCode Available	5
Sequence to sequence pretraining for a less-resourced Slovenian language	Jul 28, 2022	Language ModelingLanguage Modelling	CodeCode Available	5
Open-Domain Event Detection using Distant Supervision	Aug 1, 2018	Event DetectionOpen-Domain Question Answering	CodeCode Available	5
Exploring Contrast Consistency of Open-Domain Question Answering Systems on Minimally Edited Questions	May 23, 2023	Data AugmentationLanguage Modeling	CodeCode Available	5
Open-Domain Question-Answering for COVID-19 and Other Emergent Domains	Oct 13, 2021	DiversityMisinformation	CodeCode Available	5
Exploiting Sentence-Level Representations for Passage Ranking	Jun 14, 2021	Open-Domain Question AnsweringPassage Ranking	CodeCode Available	5
C-MORE: Pretraining to Answer Open-Domain Questions by Consulting Millions of References	Mar 16, 2022	Open-Domain Question AnsweringQuestion Answering	CodeCode Available	5
On the Importance of Adaptive Data Collection for Extremely Imbalanced Pairwise Tasks	Oct 10, 2020	Active LearningOpen-Domain Question Answering	CodeCode Available	5
Evidence Sentence Extraction for Machine Reading Comprehension	Feb 23, 2019	Machine Reading ComprehensionMultiple-choice	CodeCode Available	5
Evidence Aggregation for Answer Re-Ranking in Open-Domain Question Answering	Nov 14, 2017	Open-Domain Question AnsweringQuestion Answering	CodeCode Available	5
Neural Arabic Question Answering	Jun 12, 2019	ArticlesInformation Retrieval	CodeCode Available	5
Closed-book Question Generation via Contrastive Learning	Oct 13, 2022	Contrastive LearningNatural Questions	CodeCode Available	5
Neural Natural Logic Inference for Interpretable Question Answering	Nov 1, 2021	Multiple-choiceNatural Language Inference	CodeCode Available	5
Multi-step Retriever-Reader Interaction for Scalable Open-domain Question Answering	May 14, 2019	Open-Domain Question AnsweringQuestion Answering	CodeCode Available	5
Multi-Task Dense Retrieval via Model Uncertainty Fusion for Open-Domain Question Answering	Nov 1, 2021	ArticlesOpen-Domain Question Answering	CodeCode Available	5
Entropy-Based Decoding for Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Models	Jun 25, 2024	Open-Domain Question AnsweringQuestion Answering	CodeCode Available	5
MURRE: Multi-Hop Table Retrieval with Removal for Open-Domain Text-to-SQL	Feb 16, 2024	Open-Domain Question AnsweringQuestion Answering	CodeCode Available	5
MythQA: Query-Based Large-Scale Check-Worthy Claim Detection through Multi-Answer Open-Domain Question Answering	Jul 21, 2023	Fact CheckingMisinformation	CodeCode Available	5
NIR-Prompt: A Multi-task Generalized Neural Information Retrieval Training Framework	Dec 1, 2022	Information RetrievalOpen-Domain Question Answering	CodeCode Available	5
Open Domain Question Answering over Tables via Dense Retrieval	Mar 22, 2021	Natural QuestionsOpen-Domain Question Answering	CodeCode Available	5
Monolingual or Multilingual Instruction Tuning: Which Makes a Better Alpaca	Sep 16, 2023	Instruction FollowingLarge Language Model	CodeCode Available	5
End-to-End Open-Domain Question Answering with BERTserini	Feb 5, 2019	ArticlesInformation Retrieval	CodeCode Available	5
Challenges in Generalization in Open Domain Question Answering	Sep 2, 2021	Natural QuestionsOpen-Domain Question Answering	CodeCode Available	5
Dual-Encoders for Extreme Multi-Label Classification	Oct 16, 2023	ClassificationExtreme Multi-Label Classification	CodeCode Available	5
Mention Memory: incorporating textual knowledge into Transformers through entity mention attention	Oct 12, 2021	Claim VerificationNatural Language Understanding	CodeCode Available	5
Multi-Hop Paragraph Retrieval for Open-Domain Question Answering	Jun 15, 2019	Open-Domain Question AnsweringQuestion Answering	CodeCode Available	5
Language Models as Knowledge Bases?	Sep 3, 2019	Language ModellingOpen-Domain Question Answering	CodeCode Available	5

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All datasets KILT: ELI5 KILT: Natural Questions KILT: TriviaQA KILT: HotpotQA SearchQA ELI5 QUASAR Natural Questions SQuAD1.1 dev WebQuestions SQuAD1.1 DuReader

Benchmark Results

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	somebody	KILT-RL	2.62	—	Unverified
2	Wikipedia	KILT-RL	2.46	—	Unverified
3	arxiv.org/abs/2103.06332	KILT-RL	2.36	—	Unverified
4	BART + DPR	KILT-RL	1.9	—	Unverified
5	RAG	KILT-RL	1.69	—	Unverified
6	Training Set Retrieval (top 1)	KILT-RL	0	—	Unverified
7	T5-base	KILT-RL	0	—	Unverified
8	Input Copying	KILT-RL	0	—	Unverified
9	Sphere	KILT-RL	0	—	Unverified
10	Random Training Set Answer	KILT-RL	0	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Re2G	KILT-EM	43.56	—	Unverified
2	intersect	KILT-EM	38.78	—	Unverified
3	KGI_0	KILT-EM	36.36	—	Unverified
4	Wikipedia	KILT-EM	35.32	—	Unverified
5	RAG	KILT-EM	32.69	—	Unverified
6	BERT + DPR	KILT-EM	31.99	—	Unverified
7	BART + DPR	KILT-EM	30.06	—	Unverified
8	Multitask DPR + BART	KILT-EM	29.09	—	Unverified
9	Multi-task DPR	KILT-EM	0	—	Unverified
10	Sphere	KILT-EM	0	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Re2G	KILT-EM	57.91	—	Unverified
2	intersect	KILT-EM	50.56	—	Unverified
3	Wikipedia	KILT-EM	45.55	—	Unverified
4	KGI_0	KILT-EM	42.85	—	Unverified
5	Multitask DPR + BART	KILT-EM	42.36	—	Unverified
6	RAG	KILT-EM	38.13	—	Unverified
7	BERT + DPR	KILT-EM	34.48	—	Unverified
8	BART + DPR	KILT-EM	31.4	—	Unverified
9	TABi	KILT-EM	0	—	Unverified
10	T5-base	KILT-EM	0	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	intersect	KILT-EM	18.06	—	Unverified
2	Wikipedia	KILT-EM	11.71	—	Unverified
3	Multitask DPR + BART	KILT-EM	9.53	—	Unverified
4	RAG	KILT-EM	3.21	—	Unverified
5	BART + DPR	KILT-EM	1.96	—	Unverified
6	BERT + DPR	KILT-EM	0.74	—	Unverified
7	Sphere	KILT-EM	0	—	Unverified
8	Multi-task DPR	KILT-EM	0	—	Unverified
9	GENRE	KILT-EM	0	—	Unverified
10	chriskuei	KILT-EM	0	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	SpanBERT	F1	84.8	—	Unverified
2	Cluster-Former (#C=512)	EM	68	—	Unverified
3	Locality-Sensitive Hashing	EM	66	—	Unverified
4	Multi-passage BERT	EM	65.1	—	Unverified
5	Sparse Attention	EM	64.7	—	Unverified
6	DECAPROP	EM	62.2	—	Unverified
7	Bi-Attention + DCU-LSTM	N-gram F1	59.5	—	Unverified
8	Denoising QA	EM	58.8	—	Unverified
9	DecaProp	EM	56.8	—	Unverified
10	AMANDA	N-gram F1	56.6	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Fourier Transformer	Rouge-L	26.9	—	Unverified
2	QG	Rouge-L	26.4	—	Unverified
3	BART	Rouge-L	24.3	—	Unverified
4	E-MCA	Rouge-L	24	—	Unverified
5	Transformer Multitask + LayerDrop	Rouge-L	23.4	—	Unverified
6	Multi-Inrerleave	Rouge-L	14.63	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Evidence Aggregation via R^3 Re-Ranking	EM (Quasar-T)	42.3	—	Unverified
2	Denoising QA	EM (Quasar-T)	42.2	—	Unverified
3	DecaProp	EM (Quasar-T)	38.6	—	Unverified
4	R^3	EM (Quasar-T)	35.3	—	Unverified
5	GA	EM (Quasar-T)	26.4	—	Unverified
6	BiDAF	EM (Quasar-T)	25.9	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	FiE	Exact Match	58.4	—	Unverified
2	R2-D2 HN-DPR	Exact Match	55.9	—	Unverified
3	UniK-QA	Exact Match	54.9	—	Unverified
4	UnitedQA (Hybrid)	Exact Match	54.7	—	Unverified
5	BPR (linear scan; l=1000)	Exact Match	41.6	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	SPARTA	EM	59.3	—	Unverified
2	Blended RAG	EM	57.63	—	Unverified
3	BERTserini	EM	50.2	—	Unverified
4	BERTserini	EM	38.6	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	UniK-QA	Exact Match	57.7	—	Unverified
2	FiE+PAQ	Exact Match	56.3	—	Unverified
3	FiE	Exact Match	52.4	—	Unverified
4	EMDR2	Exact Match	48.7	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	DrQA	EM	70	—	Unverified
2	DCN	EM	66.2	—	Unverified
3	MPCM	EM	65.5	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	ERNIE 2.0 Large	EM	64.2	—	Unverified
2	ERNIE 2.0 Base	EM	61.3	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	UniK-QA	Exact Match	65.5	—	Unverified
2	BPR (linear scan; l=1000)	Exact Match	56.8	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	EMDR2	Exact Match	52.5	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	UnitedQA (Hybrid)	Exact Match	70.5	—	Unverified