Open-Domain Question Answering

Open-domain question answering is the task of question answering on open-domain datasets such as Wikipedia.

Papers

Recently Added Most Hyped Most Active Needs Verification Most Verified

Showing 376–400 of 494 papers

Title	Date	Tasks	Status
SPLADE: Sparse Lexical and Expansion Model for First Stage Ranking	Jul 12, 2021	Information RetrievalOpen-Domain Question Answering	—Unverified
Stochastic RAG: End-to-End Retrieval-Augmented Generation through Expected Utility Maximization	May 5, 2024	Fact VerificationOpen-Domain Question Answering	—Unverified
Strong and Efficient Baselines for Open Domain Conversational Question Answering	Oct 23, 2023	Conversational Question AnsweringDecoder	—Unverified
Talk to Papers: Bringing Neural Question Answering to Academic Search	Apr 4, 2020	Natural Language QueriesOpen-Domain Question Answering	—Unverified
Targeted Extraction of Temporal Facts from Textual Resources for Improved Temporal Question Answering over Knowledge Bases	Mar 21, 2022	Knowledge Base Question AnsweringOpen-Domain Question Answering	—Unverified
Text Embeddings for Retrieval From a Large Knowledge Base	Oct 24, 2018	Open-Domain Question AnsweringQuestion Answering	—Unverified
DuReader_vis: A Chinese Dataset for Open-domain Document Visual Question Answering	May 1, 2022	document understandingOpen-Domain Question Answering	—Unverified
The Dangers of trusting Stochastic Parrots: Faithfulness and Trust in Open-domain Conversational Question Answering	May 25, 2023	Conversational Question AnsweringOpen-Domain Question Answering	—Unverified
The Inductive Bias of In-Context Learning: Rethinking Pretraining Example Design	Oct 9, 2021	ChunkingIn-Context Learning	—Unverified
To Adapt or to Annotate: Challenges and Interventions for Domain Adaptation in Open-Domain Question Answering	Dec 20, 2022	Domain AdaptationOpen-Domain Question Answering	—Unverified
Towards an open-domain conversational system fully based on natural language processing	Aug 1, 2014	Open-Domain Question AnsweringQuestion Answering	—Unverified
Towards Better Generalization in Open-Domain Question Answering by Mitigating Context Memorization	Apr 2, 2024	MemorizationOpen-Domain Question Answering	—Unverified
Towards Human-Level Understanding of Complex Process Engineering Schematics: A Pedagogical, Introspective Multi-Agent Framework for Open-Domain Question Answering	Aug 24, 2024	knowledge editingOpen-Domain Question Answering	—Unverified
Towards Robust Evaluation: A Comprehensive Taxonomy of Datasets and Metrics for Open Domain Question Answering in the Era of Large Language Models	Jun 19, 2024	BenchmarkingOpen-Domain Question Answering	—Unverified
Towards Universal Dense Retrieval for Open-domain Question Answering	Sep 23, 2021	Open-Domain Question AnsweringQuestion Answering	—Unverified
Tradeoffs in Sentence Selection Techniques for Open-Domain Question Answering	Sep 18, 2020	Open-Domain Question AnsweringQuestion Answering	—Unverified
Training a Ranking Function for Open-Domain Question Answering	Apr 12, 2018	Information RetrievalOpen-Domain Question Answering	—Unverified
UniK-QA: Unified Representations of Structured and Unstructured Knowledge for Open-Domain Question Answering	May 16, 2021	Open-Domain Question AnsweringQuestion Answering	—Unverified
UnitedQA: A Hybrid Approach for Open Domain Question Answering	Jan 1, 2021	Open-Domain Question AnsweringQuestion Answering	—Unverified
Unsupervised Open-Domain Question Answering	Aug 31, 2021	Machine Reading ComprehensionOpen-Domain Question Answering	—Unverified
Unsupervised Open-Domain Question Answering with Higher Answerability	Nov 16, 2021	Machine Reading ComprehensionOpen-Domain Question Answering	—Unverified
Unveiling Knowledge Utilization Mechanisms in LLM-based Retrieval-Augmented Generation	May 17, 2025	Open-Domain Question AnsweringQuestion Answering	—Unverified
Watson Discovery Advisor: Question-answering in an industrial setting	Jun 1, 2016	Open-Domain Question AnsweringQuestion Answering	—Unverified
Weaver: Deep Co-Encoding of Questions and Documents for Machine Reading	Apr 27, 2018	Open-Domain Question AnsweringQuestion Answering	—Unverified
WebFAQ: A Multilingual Collection of Natural Q&A Datasets for Dense Retrieval	Feb 28, 2025	Dataset GenerationOpen-Domain Question Answering	—Unverified

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All datasets KILT: ELI5 KILT: Natural Questions KILT: TriviaQA KILT: HotpotQA SearchQA ELI5 QUASAR Natural Questions SQuAD1.1 dev WebQuestions SQuAD1.1 DuReader

Benchmark Results

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	somebody	KILT-RL	2.62	—	Unverified
2	Wikipedia	KILT-RL	2.46	—	Unverified
3	arxiv.org/abs/2103.06332	KILT-RL	2.36	—	Unverified
4	BART + DPR	KILT-RL	1.9	—	Unverified
5	RAG	KILT-RL	1.69	—	Unverified
6	Training Set Retrieval (top 1)	KILT-RL	0	—	Unverified
7	T5-base	KILT-RL	0	—	Unverified
8	Input Copying	KILT-RL	0	—	Unverified
9	Sphere	KILT-RL	0	—	Unverified
10	Random Training Set Answer	KILT-RL	0	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Re2G	KILT-EM	43.56	—	Unverified
2	intersect	KILT-EM	38.78	—	Unverified
3	KGI_0	KILT-EM	36.36	—	Unverified
4	Wikipedia	KILT-EM	35.32	—	Unverified
5	RAG	KILT-EM	32.69	—	Unverified
6	BERT + DPR	KILT-EM	31.99	—	Unverified
7	BART + DPR	KILT-EM	30.06	—	Unverified
8	Multitask DPR + BART	KILT-EM	29.09	—	Unverified
9	Multi-task DPR	KILT-EM	0	—	Unverified
10	Sphere	KILT-EM	0	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Re2G	KILT-EM	57.91	—	Unverified
2	intersect	KILT-EM	50.56	—	Unverified
3	Wikipedia	KILT-EM	45.55	—	Unverified
4	KGI_0	KILT-EM	42.85	—	Unverified
5	Multitask DPR + BART	KILT-EM	42.36	—	Unverified
6	RAG	KILT-EM	38.13	—	Unverified
7	BERT + DPR	KILT-EM	34.48	—	Unverified
8	BART + DPR	KILT-EM	31.4	—	Unverified
9	TABi	KILT-EM	0	—	Unverified
10	T5-base	KILT-EM	0	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	intersect	KILT-EM	18.06	—	Unverified
2	Wikipedia	KILT-EM	11.71	—	Unverified
3	Multitask DPR + BART	KILT-EM	9.53	—	Unverified
4	RAG	KILT-EM	3.21	—	Unverified
5	BART + DPR	KILT-EM	1.96	—	Unverified
6	BERT + DPR	KILT-EM	0.74	—	Unverified
7	Sphere	KILT-EM	0	—	Unverified
8	Multi-task DPR	KILT-EM	0	—	Unverified
9	GENRE	KILT-EM	0	—	Unverified
10	chriskuei	KILT-EM	0	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	SpanBERT	F1	84.8	—	Unverified
2	Cluster-Former (#C=512)	EM	68	—	Unverified
3	Locality-Sensitive Hashing	EM	66	—	Unverified
4	Multi-passage BERT	EM	65.1	—	Unverified
5	Sparse Attention	EM	64.7	—	Unverified
6	DECAPROP	EM	62.2	—	Unverified
7	Bi-Attention + DCU-LSTM	N-gram F1	59.5	—	Unverified
8	Denoising QA	EM	58.8	—	Unverified
9	DecaProp	EM	56.8	—	Unverified
10	AMANDA	N-gram F1	56.6	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Fourier Transformer	Rouge-L	26.9	—	Unverified
2	QG	Rouge-L	26.4	—	Unverified
3	BART	Rouge-L	24.3	—	Unverified
4	E-MCA	Rouge-L	24	—	Unverified
5	Transformer Multitask + LayerDrop	Rouge-L	23.4	—	Unverified
6	Multi-Inrerleave	Rouge-L	14.63	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Evidence Aggregation via R^3 Re-Ranking	EM (Quasar-T)	42.3	—	Unverified
2	Denoising QA	EM (Quasar-T)	42.2	—	Unverified
3	DecaProp	EM (Quasar-T)	38.6	—	Unverified
4	R^3	EM (Quasar-T)	35.3	—	Unverified
5	GA	EM (Quasar-T)	26.4	—	Unverified
6	BiDAF	EM (Quasar-T)	25.9	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	FiE	Exact Match	58.4	—	Unverified
2	R2-D2 HN-DPR	Exact Match	55.9	—	Unverified
3	UniK-QA	Exact Match	54.9	—	Unverified
4	UnitedQA (Hybrid)	Exact Match	54.7	—	Unverified
5	BPR (linear scan; l=1000)	Exact Match	41.6	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	SPARTA	EM	59.3	—	Unverified
2	Blended RAG	EM	57.63	—	Unverified
3	BERTserini	EM	50.2	—	Unverified
4	BERTserini	EM	38.6	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	UniK-QA	Exact Match	57.7	—	Unverified
2	FiE+PAQ	Exact Match	56.3	—	Unverified
3	FiE	Exact Match	52.4	—	Unverified
4	EMDR2	Exact Match	48.7	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	DrQA	EM	70	—	Unverified
2	DCN	EM	66.2	—	Unverified
3	MPCM	EM	65.5	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	ERNIE 2.0 Large	EM	64.2	—	Unverified
2	ERNIE 2.0 Base	EM	61.3	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	UniK-QA	Exact Match	65.5	—	Unverified
2	BPR (linear scan; l=1000)	Exact Match	56.8	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	EMDR2	Exact Match	52.5	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	UnitedQA (Hybrid)	Exact Match	70.5	—	Unverified