SOTAVerified

Malware Classification

Malware Classification is the process of assigning a malware sample to a specific malware family. Malware within a family shares similar properties that can be used to create signatures for detection and classification. Signatures can be categorized as static or dynamic based on how they are extracted. A static signature can be based on a byte-code sequence, binary assembly instruction, or an imported Dynamic Link Library (DLL). Dynamic signatures can be based on file system activities, terminal commands, network communications, or function and system call sequences.

Source: Behavioral Malware Classification using Convolutional Recurrent Neural Networks

Papers

Showing 150 of 146 papers

TitleStatusHype
EMBER2024 -- A Benchmark Dataset for Holistic Evaluation of Malware ClassifiersCode2
MalCL: Leveraging GAN-Based Generative Replay to Combat Catastrophic Forgetting in Malware ClassificationCode1
Assemblage: Automatic Binary Dataset Construction for Machine LearningCode1
Nebula: Self-Attention for Dynamic Malware AnalysisCode1
Decoding the Secrets of Machine Learning in Malware Classification: A Deep Dive into Datasets, Feature Extraction, and Model PerformanceCode1
Recasting Self-Attention with Holographic Reduced RepresentationsCode1
A Dynamic Weighted Federated Learning for Android Malware ClassificationCode1
Self-Supervised Vision Transformers for Malware DetectionCode1
On the Limitations of Continual Learning for Malware ClassificationCode1
On deceiving malware classification with section injectionCode1
An Ensemble of Pre-trained Transformer Models For Imbalanced Multiclass Malware ClassificationCode1
Malware Classification Using Static Disassembly and Machine LearningCode1
A Comprehensive Study on Learning-Based PE Malware Family Classification MethodsCode1
An Empirical Analysis of Image-Based Learning Techniques for Malware ClassificationCode1
Deep Learning for Android Malware Defenses: a Systematic Literature ReviewCode1
HYDRA: A multimodal deep learning framework for malware classificationCode1
Why an Android App is Classified as Malware? Towards Malware Classification InterpretationCode1
A Framework for Enhancing Deep Neural Networks Against Adversarial MalwareCode1
Explanation-Guided Backdoor Poisoning Attacks Against Malware ClassifiersCode1
A New Burrows Wheeler Transform Markov DistanceCode1
Malware Classification Leveraging NLP & Machine Learning for Enhanced AccuracyCode0
Semantic Preprocessing for LLM-based Malware Analysis0
Dynamic Malware Classification of Windows PE Files using CNNs and Greyscale Images Derived from Runtime API Call Argument Conversion0
Malware families discovery via Open-Set Recognition on Android manifest permissions0
Structure-based Anomaly Detection and Clustering0
Semantic-Aware Contrastive Fine-Tuning: Boosting Multimodal Malware Classification with Discriminative Embeddings0
Scalable APT Malware Classification via Parallel Feature Extraction and GPU-Accelerated Learning0
OpCode-Based Malware Classification Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning Techniques0
Imbalanced malware classification: an approach based on dynamic classifier selectionCode0
Malware Classification from Memory Dumps Using Machine Learning, Transformers, and Large Language Models0
Cluster Analysis and Concept Drift Detection in Malware0
Deep Learning-Driven Malware Classification with API Call Sequence Analysis and Concept Drift Handling0
Multimodal Techniques for Malware Classification0
Malware Classification using a Hybrid Hidden Markov Model-Convolutional Neural Network0
Image-Based Malware Classification Using QR and Aztec Codes0
XAI and Android Malware Models0
Accelerating Malware Classification: A Vision Transformer SolutionCode0
MalMixer: Few-Shot Malware Classification with Retrieval-Augmented Semi-Supervised Learning0
Revisiting Static Feature-Based Android Malware Detection0
Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) for Malware Analysis: A Survey of Techniques, Applications, and Open Challenges0
Model-agnostic clean-label backdoor mitigation in cybersecurity environments0
AuthAttLyzer-V2: Unveiling Code Authorship Attribution using Enhanced Ensemble Learning Models & Generating Benchmark Dataset0
kNN Classification of Malware Data Dependency Graph Features0
Combating Concept Drift with Explanatory Detection and Adaptation for Android Malware Classification0
CNN-LSTM and Transfer Learning Models for Malware Classification based on Opcodes and API Calls0
Evaluating the Efficacy of Prompt-Engineered Large Multimodal Models Versus Fine-Tuned Vision Transformers in Image-Based Security Applications0
Holographic Global Convolutional Networks for Long-Range Prediction Tasks in Malware Detection0
TESSERACT: Eliminating Experimental Bias in Malware Classification across Space and Time (Extended Version)0
A Malware Classification Survey on Adversarial Attacks and Defences0
High-resolution Image-based Malware Classification using Multiple Instance LearningCode0
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Benchmark Results

#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1MalConvAccuracy (10-fold)9,641Unverified
2TPOT ClassifierAccuracy (5-fold)98.94Unverified
3CNN BiLSTM - Reb SamplAccuracy (5-fold)98.2Unverified
4Ahmadi et al. (2016): ENT, Bytes 1-G, STR, IMG1, IMG2, MD1, MISC, OPC, SEC, REG, DP, API, SYM, MD2 IMG and Opcode N-Grams + Ensemble Learning (XGBoost)Accuracy (10-fold)1Unverified
5HYDRAAccuracy (10-fold)1Unverified
6Zhang et al. (2016): Total lines of each Section, Operation Code Count, API Usage, Special Symbols Count, Asm File Pixel Intensity Feature, Bytes File Block Size Distribution, Bytes File N-Gram + Ensemble Learning (XGBoost)Accuracy (10-fold)1Unverified
7OrthrusAccuracy (10-fold)0.99Unverified
8Opcode-based Shallow CNNAccuracy (10-fold)0.99Unverified
9Hierarchical Convolutional NetworkAccuracy (10-fold)0.99Unverified
10SEAAccuracy (10-fold)0.99Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1GA Designed Deep CNNAccuracy0.99Unverified
2Gray-scale IMG CNNAccuracy (10-fold)0.98Unverified
3GRU + SVMAccuracy0.85Unverified
4FFNN + SVMAccuracy0.8Unverified
5CNN + SVMAccuracy0.77Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1Levit-MCAccuracy96.6Unverified