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Language Modelling

A language model is a model of natural language. Language models are useful for a variety of tasks, including speech recognition, machine translation, natural language generation (generating more human-like text), optical character recognition, route optimization, handwriting recognition, grammar induction, and information retrieval.

Large language models (LLMs), currently their most advanced form, are predominantly based on transformers trained on larger datasets (frequently using words scraped from the public internet). They have superseded recurrent neural network-based models, which had previously superseded the purely statistical models, such as word n-gram language model.

Source: Wikipedia

Papers

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Showing 4551–4600 of 17610 papers

TitleStatusHype
Audio Turing Test: Benchmarking the Human-likeness of Large Language Model-based Text-to-Speech Systems in Chinese—0
Large Language Model Use Impact Locus of Control—0
Improving the Data-efficiency of Reinforcement Learning by Warm-starting with LLMCode0
Towards Cultural Bridge by Bahnaric-Vietnamese Translation Using Transfer Learning of Sequence-To-Sequence Pre-training Language Model—0
Efficient Attention via Pre-Scoring: Prioritizing Informative Keys in TransformersCode0
Enhancing Low-Resource Minority Language Translation with LLMs and Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Cultural Nuances—0
An agentic system with reinforcement-learned subsystem improvements for parsing form-like documentsCode0
Feasibility with Language Models for Open-World Compositional Zero-Shot Learning—0
Noise Injection Systemically Degrades Large Language Model Safety Guardrails—0
Token-Level Uncertainty Estimation for Large Language Model Reasoning—0
THELMA: Task Based Holistic Evaluation of Large Language Model Applications-RAG Question Answering—0
Neural Thermodynamic Laws for Large Language Model Training—0
Tracr-Injection: Distilling Algorithms into Pre-trained Language ModelsCode0
Automating Security Audit Using Large Language Model based Agent: An Exploration Experiment—0
Cross-Image Contrastive Decoding: Precise, Lossless Suppression of Language Priors in Large Vision-Language Models—0
ChestyBot: Detecting and Disrupting Chinese Communist Party Influence Stratagems—0
Advanced Crash Causation Analysis for Freeway Safety: A Large Language Model Approach to Identifying Key Contributing Factors—0
UDDETTS: Unifying Discrete and Dimensional Emotions for Controllable Emotional Text-to-Speech—0
ChronoSteer: Bridging Large Language Model and Time Series Foundation Model via Synthetic Data—0
AI2MMUM: AI-AI Oriented Multi-Modal Universal Model Leveraging Telecom Domain Large Model—0
CRPE: Expanding The Reasoning Capability of Large Language Model for Code Generation—0
ADALog: Adaptive Unsupervised Anomaly detection in Logs with Self-attention Masked Language Model—0
ComplexFormer: Disruptively Advancing Transformer Inference Ability via Head-Specific Complex Vector AttentionCode0
VQ-Logits: Compressing the Output Bottleneck of Large Language Models via Vector Quantized Logits—0
Unsupervised Multiview Contrastive Language-Image Joint Learning with Pseudo-Labeled Prompts Via Vision-Language Model for 3D/4D Facial Expression Recognition—0
Zero-Shot Multi-modal Large Language Model v.s. Supervised Deep Learning: A Comparative Study on CT-Based Intracranial Hemorrhage SubtypingCode0
Sensing-Assisted Channel Prediction in Complex Wireless Environments: An LLM-Based Approach—0
Quantum-Enhanced Parameter-Efficient Learning for Typhoon Trajectory Forecasting—0
Trustless Autonomy: Understanding Motivations, Benefits and Governance Dilemma in Self-Sovereign Decentralized AI Agents—0
SALM: A Multi-Agent Framework for Language Model-Driven Social Network SimulationCode0
Ornithologist: Towards Trustworthy "Reasoning" about Central Bank Communications—0
Layered Unlearning for Adversarial RelearningCode0
TransDiffuser: End-to-end Trajectory Generation with Decorrelated Multi-modal Representation for Autonomous Driving—0
Large Language Models Are More Persuasive Than Incentivized Human Persuaders—0
Customizing a Large Language Model for VHDL Design of High-Performance Microprocessors—0
FAS-LLM: Large Language Model-Based Channel Prediction for OTFS-Enabled Satellite-FAS Links—0
Interim Report on Human-Guided Adaptive Hyperparameter Optimization with Multi-Fidelity Sprints—0
Flash-VL 2B: Optimizing Vision-Language Model Performance for Ultra-Low Latency and High Throughput—0
A Comprehensive Analysis of Large Language Model Outputs: Similarity, Diversity, and Bias—0
Beyond General Prompts: Automated Prompt Refinement using Contrastive Class Alignment Scores for Disambiguating Objects in Vision-Language Models—0
InfoPO: On Mutual Information Maximization for Large Language Model Alignment—0
Hakim: Farsi Text Embedding Model—0
Improved Algorithms for Differentially Private Language Model Alignment—0
An integrated language-vision foundation model for conversational diagnostics and triaging in primary eye care—0
AI-Mediated Code Comment Improvement—0
AI Accelerators for Large Language Model In-ference: Architecture Analysis and Scaling Strategies—0
Block-Biased Mamba for Long-Range Sequence Processing—0
Generalizing Large Language Model Usability Across Resource-Constrained—0
CellTypeAgent: Trustworthy cell type annotation with Large Language ModelsCode0
Memorization-Compression Cycles Improve Generalization—0
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All datasetsWikiText-103Penn Treebank (Word Level)enwik8The PileWikiText-2LAMBADAOne Billion WordText8Penn Treebank (Character Level)Hutter PrizeOpenWebTextSALMon

Benchmark Results

#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1Decay RNNValidation perplexity76.67—Unverified
2GRUValidation perplexity53.78—Unverified
3LSTMValidation perplexity52.73—Unverified
4LSTMTest perplexity48.7—Unverified
5Temporal CNNTest perplexity45.2—Unverified
6TCNTest perplexity45.19—Unverified
7GCNN-8Test perplexity44.9—Unverified
8Neural cache model (size = 100)Test perplexity44.8—Unverified
9Neural cache model (size = 2,000)Test perplexity40.8—Unverified
10GPT-2 SmallTest perplexity37.5—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1TCNTest perplexity108.47—Unverified
2Seq-U-NetTest perplexity107.95—Unverified
3GRU (Bai et al., 2018)Test perplexity92.48—Unverified
4R-TransformerTest perplexity84.38—Unverified
5Zaremba et al. (2014) - LSTM (medium)Test perplexity82.7—Unverified
6Gal & Ghahramani (2016) - Variational LSTM (medium)Test perplexity79.7—Unverified
7LSTM (Bai et al., 2018)Test perplexity78.93—Unverified
8Zaremba et al. (2014) - LSTM (large)Test perplexity78.4—Unverified
9Gal & Ghahramani (2016) - Variational LSTM (large)Test perplexity75.2—Unverified
10Inan et al. (2016) - Variational RHNTest perplexity66—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1LSTM (7 layers)Bit per Character (BPC)1.67—Unverified
2HypernetworksBit per Character (BPC)1.34—Unverified
3SHA-LSTM (4 layers, h=1024, no attention head)Bit per Character (BPC)1.33—Unverified
4LN HM-LSTMBit per Character (BPC)1.32—Unverified
5ByteNetBit per Character (BPC)1.31—Unverified
6Recurrent Highway NetworksBit per Character (BPC)1.27—Unverified
7Large FS-LSTM-4Bit per Character (BPC)1.25—Unverified
8Large mLSTMBit per Character (BPC)1.24—Unverified
9AWD-LSTM (3 layers)Bit per Character (BPC)1.23—Unverified
10Cluster-Former (#C=512)Bit per Character (BPC)1.22—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1Smaller Transformer 126M (pre-trained)Test perplexity33—Unverified
2OPT 125MTest perplexity32.26—Unverified
3Larger Transformer 771M (pre-trained)Test perplexity28.1—Unverified
4OPT 1.3BTest perplexity19.55—Unverified
5GPT-Neo 125MTest perplexity17.83—Unverified
6OPT 2.7BTest perplexity17.81—Unverified
7Smaller Transformer 126M (fine-tuned)Test perplexity12—Unverified
8GPT-Neo 1.3BTest perplexity11.46—Unverified
9Transformer 125MTest perplexity10.7—Unverified
10GPT-Neo 2.7BTest perplexity10.44—Unverified