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Language Modelling

A language model is a model of natural language. Language models are useful for a variety of tasks, including speech recognition, machine translation, natural language generation (generating more human-like text), optical character recognition, route optimization, handwriting recognition, grammar induction, and information retrieval.

Large language models (LLMs), currently their most advanced form, are predominantly based on transformers trained on larger datasets (frequently using words scraped from the public internet). They have superseded recurrent neural network-based models, which had previously superseded the purely statistical models, such as word n-gram language model.

Source: Wikipedia

Papers

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Showing 10001–10050 of 17610 papers

TitleStatusHype
ESM-NBR: fast and accurate nucleic acid-binding residue prediction via protein language model feature representation and multi-task learningCode0
Conceptual Engineering Using Large Language ModelsCode0
Evaluating Large Language Model Creativity from a Literary Perspective—0
CoDi-2: In-Context, Interleaved, and Interactive Any-to-Any Generation—0
ArthModel: Enhance Arithmetic Skills to Large Language ModelCode0
COVID-19 Vaccine Misinformation in Middle Income CountriesCode0
Detailed Human-Centric Text Description-Driven Large Scene Synthesis—0
Exposing Limitations of Language Model Agents in Sequential-Task Compositions on the Web—0
LucidDreaming: Controllable Object-Centric 3D Generation—0
mPLUG-PaperOwl: Scientific Diagram Analysis with the Multimodal Large Language Model—0
What Do Llamas Really Think? Revealing Preference Biases in Language Model RepresentationsCode0
Women Are Beautiful, Men Are Leaders: Gender Stereotypes in Machine Translation and Language ModelingCode0
Universal Self-Consistency for Large Language Model Generation—0
Leveraging VLM-Based Pipelines to Annotate 3D Objects—0
Informal Safety Guarantees for Simulated Optimizers Through Extrapolation from Partial Simulations—0
How to Build an AI Tutor That Can Adapt to Any Course Using Knowledge Graph-Enhanced Retrieval-Augmented Generation (KG-RAG)—0
A natural language processing-based approach: mapping human perception by understanding deep semantic features in street view images—0
Enhancing Answer Selection in Community Question Answering with Pre-trained and Large Language Models—0
Hyperpolyglot LLMs: Cross-Lingual Interpretability in Token EmbeddingsCode0
End-to-end Joint Punctuated and Normalized ASR with a Limited Amount of Punctuated Training Data—0
Elo Uncovered: Robustness and Best Practices in Language Model Evaluation—0
AviationGPT: A Large Language Model for the Aviation Domain—0
LLM-State: Open World State Representation for Long-horizon Task Planning with Large Language Model—0
ShapeGPT: 3D Shape Generation with A Unified Multi-modal Language Model—0
Language Models: A Guide for the Perplexed—0
Understanding Your Agent: Leveraging Large Language Models for Behavior Explanation—0
Contextual Knowledge Pursuit for Faithful Visual SynthesisCode0
PALM: Predicting Actions through Language Models—0
LayerCollapse: Adaptive compression of neural networks—0
LEAP: LLM-Generation of Egocentric Action Programs—0
StyleCap: Automatic Speaking-Style Captioning from Speech Based on Speech and Language Self-supervised Learning Models—0
TextDiffuser-2: Unleashing the Power of Language Models for Text Rendering—0
Methods to Estimate Large Language Model Confidence—0
RELIC: Investigating Large Language Model Responses using Self-Consistency—0
Unlocking Spatial Comprehension in Text-to-Image Diffusion Models—0
Comparing Generative Chatbots Based on Process Requirements—0
E-ViLM: Efficient Video-Language Model via Masked Video Modeling with Semantic Vector-Quantized Tokenizer—0
General-Purpose vs. Domain-Adapted Large Language Models for Extraction of Structured Data from Chest Radiology Reports—0
A Survey of the Evolution of Language Model-Based Dialogue Systems—0
Advancing State of the Art in Language ModelingCode0
BIM: Block-Wise Self-Supervised Learning with Masked Image Modeling—0
ControlRec: Bridging the Semantic Gap between Language Model and Personalized Recommendation—0
C-SAW: Self-Supervised Prompt Learning for Image Generalization in Remote Sensing—0
Novel Preprocessing Technique for Data Embedding in Engineering Code Generation Using Large Language Model—0
ChartLlama: A Multimodal LLM for Chart Understanding and Generation—0
IG Captioner: Information Gain Captioners are Strong Zero-shot Classifiers—0
Optimizing and Fine-tuning Large Language Model for Urban Renewal—0
Can Out-of-Domain data help to Learn Domain-Specific Prompts for Multimodal Misinformation Detection?Code0
Pre-trained Language Models Do Not Help Auto-regressive Text-to-Image Generation—0
End-to-End Breast Cancer Radiotherapy Planning via LMMs with Consistency Embedding—0
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All datasetsWikiText-103Penn Treebank (Word Level)enwik8The PileWikiText-2LAMBADAOne Billion WordText8Penn Treebank (Character Level)Hutter PrizeOpenWebTextSALMon

Benchmark Results

#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1Decay RNNValidation perplexity76.67—Unverified
2GRUValidation perplexity53.78—Unverified
3LSTMValidation perplexity52.73—Unverified
4LSTMTest perplexity48.7—Unverified
5Temporal CNNTest perplexity45.2—Unverified
6TCNTest perplexity45.19—Unverified
7GCNN-8Test perplexity44.9—Unverified
8Neural cache model (size = 100)Test perplexity44.8—Unverified
9Neural cache model (size = 2,000)Test perplexity40.8—Unverified
10GPT-2 SmallTest perplexity37.5—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1TCNTest perplexity108.47—Unverified
2Seq-U-NetTest perplexity107.95—Unverified
3GRU (Bai et al., 2018)Test perplexity92.48—Unverified
4R-TransformerTest perplexity84.38—Unverified
5Zaremba et al. (2014) - LSTM (medium)Test perplexity82.7—Unverified
6Gal & Ghahramani (2016) - Variational LSTM (medium)Test perplexity79.7—Unverified
7LSTM (Bai et al., 2018)Test perplexity78.93—Unverified
8Zaremba et al. (2014) - LSTM (large)Test perplexity78.4—Unverified
9Gal & Ghahramani (2016) - Variational LSTM (large)Test perplexity75.2—Unverified
10Inan et al. (2016) - Variational RHNTest perplexity66—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1LSTM (7 layers)Bit per Character (BPC)1.67—Unverified
2HypernetworksBit per Character (BPC)1.34—Unverified
3SHA-LSTM (4 layers, h=1024, no attention head)Bit per Character (BPC)1.33—Unverified
4LN HM-LSTMBit per Character (BPC)1.32—Unverified
5ByteNetBit per Character (BPC)1.31—Unverified
6Recurrent Highway NetworksBit per Character (BPC)1.27—Unverified
7Large FS-LSTM-4Bit per Character (BPC)1.25—Unverified
8Large mLSTMBit per Character (BPC)1.24—Unverified
9AWD-LSTM (3 layers)Bit per Character (BPC)1.23—Unverified
10Cluster-Former (#C=512)Bit per Character (BPC)1.22—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1Smaller Transformer 126M (pre-trained)Test perplexity33—Unverified
2OPT 125MTest perplexity32.26—Unverified
3Larger Transformer 771M (pre-trained)Test perplexity28.1—Unverified
4OPT 1.3BTest perplexity19.55—Unverified
5GPT-Neo 125MTest perplexity17.83—Unverified
6OPT 2.7BTest perplexity17.81—Unverified
7Smaller Transformer 126M (fine-tuned)Test perplexity12—Unverified
8GPT-Neo 1.3BTest perplexity11.46—Unverified
9Transformer 125MTest perplexity10.7—Unverified
10GPT-Neo 2.7BTest perplexity10.44—Unverified