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Language Modelling

A language model is a model of natural language. Language models are useful for a variety of tasks, including speech recognition, machine translation, natural language generation (generating more human-like text), optical character recognition, route optimization, handwriting recognition, grammar induction, and information retrieval.

Large language models (LLMs), currently their most advanced form, are predominantly based on transformers trained on larger datasets (frequently using words scraped from the public internet). They have superseded recurrent neural network-based models, which had previously superseded the purely statistical models, such as word n-gram language model.

Source: Wikipedia

Papers

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Showing 7101–7150 of 17610 papers

TitleStatusHype
Achieving Peak Performance for Large Language Models: A Systematic Review—0
GALLa: Graph Aligned Large Language Models for Improved Source Code Understanding—0
Confidential Computing on NVIDIA Hopper GPUs: A Performance Benchmark Study—0
How Does Code Pretraining Affect Language Model Task Performance?—0
Customizing Large Language Model Generation Style using Parameter-Efficient Finetuning—0
Retrieval Augmented Generation-Based Incident Resolution Recommendation System for IT Support—0
Multi-Programming Language Ensemble for Code Generation in Large Language ModelCode0
Using Large Language Models to Generate Authentic Multi-agent Knowledge Work Datasets—0
An Effective Deployment of Diffusion LM for Data Augmentation in Low-Resource Sentiment ClassificationCode0
A Fused Large Language Model for Predicting Startup Success—0
Bypassing DARCY Defense: Indistinguishable Universal Adversarial Triggers—0
LAST: Language Model Aware Speech Tokenization—0
N-gram Prediction and Word Difference Representations for Language Modeling—0
Sorbet: A Neuromorphic Hardware-Compatible Transformer-Based Spiking Language Model—0
Standing on the Shoulders of Giants: Reprogramming Visual-Language Model for General Deepfake Detection—0
Pre-training data selection for biomedical domain adaptation using journal impact metrics—0
Masked Diffusion Models are Secretly Time-Agnostic Masked Models and Exploit Inaccurate Categorical Sampling—0
Oddballness: universal anomaly detection with language models—0
Scaling Laws for Economic Productivity: Experimental Evidence in LLM-Assisted Translation—0
Creating Domain-Specific Translation Memories for Machine Translation Fine-tuning: The TRENCARD Bilingual Cardiology Corpus—0
Exploring Sentiment Dynamics and Predictive Behaviors in Cryptocurrency Discussions by Few-Shot Learning with Large Language Models—0
Accelerating Large Language Model Training with Hybrid GPU-based Compression—0
A Medical Multimodal Large Language Model for Pediatric Pneumonia—0
ISO: Overlap of Computation and Communication within Seqenence For LLM Inference—0
Irrelevant Alternatives Bias Large Language Model Hiring Decisions—0
Historical German Text Normalization Using Type- and Token-Based Language Modeling—0
Foundations of Large Language Model Compression -- Part 1: Weight QuantizationCode0
How to Determine the Preferred Image Distribution of a Black-Box Vision-Language Model?Code0
An Implementation of Werewolf Agent That does not Truly Trust LLMs—0
Approximating mutual information of high-dimensional variables using learned representations—0
Dynamic Motion Synthesis: Masked Audio-Text Conditioned Spatio-Temporal Transformers—0
VSLLaVA: a pipeline of large multimodal foundation model for industrial vibration signal analysis—0
LASP: Surveying the State-of-the-Art in Large Language Model-Assisted AI Planning—0
SmileyLlama: Modifying Large Language Models for Directed Chemical Space Exploration—0
Therapy as an NLP Task: Psychologists' Comparison of LLMs and Human Peers in CBT—0
Pairing Analogy-Augmented Generation with Procedural Memory for Procedural Q&ACode0
LATEX-GCL: Large Language Models (LLMs)-Based Data Augmentation for Text-Attributed Graph Contrastive Learning—0
Revisiting SMoE Language Models by Evaluating Inefficiencies with Task Specific Expert Pruning—0
SCOPE: Sign Language Contextual Processing with Embedding from LLMsCode0
DPDEdit: Detail-Preserved Diffusion Models for Multimodal Fashion Image Editing—0
Imitating Language via Scalable Inverse Reinforcement Learning—0
Balancing Performance and Efficiency: A Multimodal Large Language Model Pruning Method based Image Text Interaction—0
EEG-Language Modeling for Pathology Detection—0
A Perspective on Literary Metaphor in the Context of Generative AI—0
Agentic Society: Merging skeleton from real world and texture from Large Language ModelCode0
Grounding Language Models in Autonomous Loco-manipulation Tasks—0
User-Specific Dialogue Generation with User Profile-Aware Pre-Training Model and Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning—0
Multimodal Multi-turn Conversation Stance Detection: A Challenge Dataset and Effective Model—0
The Dark Side of Human Feedback: Poisoning Large Language Models via User Inputs—0
Comparing Discrete and Continuous Space LLMs for Speech Recognition—0
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All datasetsWikiText-103Penn Treebank (Word Level)enwik8The PileWikiText-2LAMBADAOne Billion WordText8Penn Treebank (Character Level)Hutter PrizeOpenWebTextSALMon

Benchmark Results

#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1Decay RNNValidation perplexity76.67—Unverified
2GRUValidation perplexity53.78—Unverified
3LSTMValidation perplexity52.73—Unverified
4LSTMTest perplexity48.7—Unverified
5Temporal CNNTest perplexity45.2—Unverified
6TCNTest perplexity45.19—Unverified
7GCNN-8Test perplexity44.9—Unverified
8Neural cache model (size = 100)Test perplexity44.8—Unverified
9Neural cache model (size = 2,000)Test perplexity40.8—Unverified
10GPT-2 SmallTest perplexity37.5—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1TCNTest perplexity108.47—Unverified
2Seq-U-NetTest perplexity107.95—Unverified
3GRU (Bai et al., 2018)Test perplexity92.48—Unverified
4R-TransformerTest perplexity84.38—Unverified
5Zaremba et al. (2014) - LSTM (medium)Test perplexity82.7—Unverified
6Gal & Ghahramani (2016) - Variational LSTM (medium)Test perplexity79.7—Unverified
7LSTM (Bai et al., 2018)Test perplexity78.93—Unverified
8Zaremba et al. (2014) - LSTM (large)Test perplexity78.4—Unverified
9Gal & Ghahramani (2016) - Variational LSTM (large)Test perplexity75.2—Unverified
10Inan et al. (2016) - Variational RHNTest perplexity66—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1LSTM (7 layers)Bit per Character (BPC)1.67—Unverified
2HypernetworksBit per Character (BPC)1.34—Unverified
3SHA-LSTM (4 layers, h=1024, no attention head)Bit per Character (BPC)1.33—Unverified
4LN HM-LSTMBit per Character (BPC)1.32—Unverified
5ByteNetBit per Character (BPC)1.31—Unverified
6Recurrent Highway NetworksBit per Character (BPC)1.27—Unverified
7Large FS-LSTM-4Bit per Character (BPC)1.25—Unverified
8Large mLSTMBit per Character (BPC)1.24—Unverified
9AWD-LSTM (3 layers)Bit per Character (BPC)1.23—Unverified
10Cluster-Former (#C=512)Bit per Character (BPC)1.22—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1Smaller Transformer 126M (pre-trained)Test perplexity33—Unverified
2OPT 125MTest perplexity32.26—Unverified
3Larger Transformer 771M (pre-trained)Test perplexity28.1—Unverified
4OPT 1.3BTest perplexity19.55—Unverified
5GPT-Neo 125MTest perplexity17.83—Unverified
6OPT 2.7BTest perplexity17.81—Unverified
7Smaller Transformer 126M (fine-tuned)Test perplexity12—Unverified
8GPT-Neo 1.3BTest perplexity11.46—Unverified
9Transformer 125MTest perplexity10.7—Unverified
10GPT-Neo 2.7BTest perplexity10.44—Unverified