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Language Modelling

A language model is a model of natural language. Language models are useful for a variety of tasks, including speech recognition, machine translation, natural language generation (generating more human-like text), optical character recognition, route optimization, handwriting recognition, grammar induction, and information retrieval.

Large language models (LLMs), currently their most advanced form, are predominantly based on transformers trained on larger datasets (frequently using words scraped from the public internet). They have superseded recurrent neural network-based models, which had previously superseded the purely statistical models, such as word n-gram language model.

Source: Wikipedia

Papers

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Showing 6751–6800 of 17610 papers

TitleStatusHype
Activation Scaling for Steering and Interpreting Language Models—0
Efficient Inference for Large Language Model-based Generative RecommendationCode0
Data Advisor: Dynamic Data Curation for Safety Alignment of Large Language ModelsCode0
Filtering Discomforting Recommendations with Large Language Models—0
DEPT: Decoupled Embeddings for Pre-training Language Models—0
VLM2Vec: Training Vision-Language Models for Massive Multimodal Embedding Tasks—0
Wireless-Friendly Window Position Optimization for RIS-Aided Outdoor-to-Indoor Networks based on Multi-Modal Large Language Model—0
On the Reliability of Large Language Models to Misinformed and Demographically-Informed PromptsCode0
ReTok: Replacing Tokenizer to Enhance Representation Efficiency in Large Language Model—0
OD-Stega: LLM-Based Near-Imperceptible Steganography via Optimized Distributions—0
HALL-E: Hierarchical Neural Codec Language Model for Minute-Long Zero-Shot Text-to-Speech Synthesis—0
Adaptive Question Answering: Enhancing Language Model Proficiency for Addressing Knowledge Conflicts with Source Citations—0
Assessing the Performance of Human-Capable LLMs -- Are LLMs Coming for Your Job?—0
Evaluating Language Model Character TraitsCode0
Persona Knowledge-Aligned Prompt Tuning Method for Online DebateCode0
Toxic Subword Pruning for Dialogue Response Generation on Large Language Models—0
RoQLlama: A Lightweight Romanian Adapted Language Model—0
Language Model-Driven Data Pruning Enables Efficient Active Learning—0
Understanding Large Language Models in Your Pockets: Performance Study on COTS Mobile Devices—0
Parallel Corpus Augmentation using Masked Language Models—0
Leveraging Social Determinants of Health in Alzheimer's Research Using LLM-Augmented Literature Mining and Knowledge GraphsCode0
Textless Streaming Speech-to-Speech Translation using Semantic Speech Tokens—0
Surgical, Cheap, and Flexible: Mitigating False Refusal in Language Models via Single Vector Ablation—0
Scaling Parameter-Constrained Language Models with Quality Data—0
KidLM: Advancing Language Models for Children -- Early Insights and Future DirectionsCode0
UNComp: Uncertainty-Aware Long-Context Compressor for Efficient Large Language Model Inference—0
Searching for Best Practices in Medical Transcription with Large Language ModelCode0
No Need to Talk: Asynchronous Mixture of Language Models—0
One2set + Large Language Model: Best Partners for Keyphrase GenerationCode0
Permissive Information-Flow Analysis for Large Language Models—0
Large Language Models can be Strong Self-Detoxifiers—0
Using Prompts to Guide Large Language Models in Imitating a Real Person's Language Style—0
Cross-lingual Transfer for Automatic Question Generation by Learning Interrogative Structures in Target Languages—0
Function-Guided Conditional Generation Using Protein Language Models with Adapters—0
Image First or Text First? Optimising the Sequencing of Modalities in Large Language Model Prompting and Reasoning Tasks—0
Autoregressive Large Language Models are Computationally Universal—0
Audio-Agent: Leveraging LLMs For Audio Generation, Editing and Composition—0
An X-Ray Is Worth 15 Features: Sparse Autoencoders for Interpretable Radiology Report Generation—0
Enhancing Short-Text Topic Modeling with LLM-Driven Context Expansion and Prefix-Tuned VAEs—0
A Large Language Model-based Framework for Semi-Structured Tender Document Retrieval-Augmented Generation—0
Geometry is All You Need: A Unified Taxonomy of Matrix and Tensor Factorization for Compression of Generative Language Models—0
Computational Modeling of Artistic Inspiration: A Framework for Predicting Aesthetic Preferences in Lyrical Lines Using Linguistic and Stylistic Features—0
Cut the Crap: An Economical Communication Pipeline for LLM-based Multi-Agent Systems—0
Examining Language Modeling Assumptions Using an Annotated Literary Dialect CorpusCode0
Discovering Spoofing Attempts on Language Model WatermarksCode0
Better Call SAUL: Fluent and Consistent Language Model Editing with Generation Regularization—0
CodePMP: Scalable Preference Model Pretraining for Large Language Model Reasoning—0
BrainTransformers: SNN-LLM—0
Grounding Large Language Models In Embodied Environment With Imperfect World Models—0
CaLMFlow: Volterra Flow Matching using Causal Language Models—0
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All datasetsWikiText-103Penn Treebank (Word Level)enwik8The PileWikiText-2LAMBADAOne Billion WordText8Penn Treebank (Character Level)Hutter PrizeOpenWebTextSALMon

Benchmark Results

#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1Decay RNNValidation perplexity76.67—Unverified
2GRUValidation perplexity53.78—Unverified
3LSTMValidation perplexity52.73—Unverified
4LSTMTest perplexity48.7—Unverified
5Temporal CNNTest perplexity45.2—Unverified
6TCNTest perplexity45.19—Unverified
7GCNN-8Test perplexity44.9—Unverified
8Neural cache model (size = 100)Test perplexity44.8—Unverified
9Neural cache model (size = 2,000)Test perplexity40.8—Unverified
10GPT-2 SmallTest perplexity37.5—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1TCNTest perplexity108.47—Unverified
2Seq-U-NetTest perplexity107.95—Unverified
3GRU (Bai et al., 2018)Test perplexity92.48—Unverified
4R-TransformerTest perplexity84.38—Unverified
5Zaremba et al. (2014) - LSTM (medium)Test perplexity82.7—Unverified
6Gal & Ghahramani (2016) - Variational LSTM (medium)Test perplexity79.7—Unverified
7LSTM (Bai et al., 2018)Test perplexity78.93—Unverified
8Zaremba et al. (2014) - LSTM (large)Test perplexity78.4—Unverified
9Gal & Ghahramani (2016) - Variational LSTM (large)Test perplexity75.2—Unverified
10Inan et al. (2016) - Variational RHNTest perplexity66—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1LSTM (7 layers)Bit per Character (BPC)1.67—Unverified
2HypernetworksBit per Character (BPC)1.34—Unverified
3SHA-LSTM (4 layers, h=1024, no attention head)Bit per Character (BPC)1.33—Unverified
4LN HM-LSTMBit per Character (BPC)1.32—Unverified
5ByteNetBit per Character (BPC)1.31—Unverified
6Recurrent Highway NetworksBit per Character (BPC)1.27—Unverified
7Large FS-LSTM-4Bit per Character (BPC)1.25—Unverified
8Large mLSTMBit per Character (BPC)1.24—Unverified
9AWD-LSTM (3 layers)Bit per Character (BPC)1.23—Unverified
10Cluster-Former (#C=512)Bit per Character (BPC)1.22—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1Smaller Transformer 126M (pre-trained)Test perplexity33—Unverified
2OPT 125MTest perplexity32.26—Unverified
3Larger Transformer 771M (pre-trained)Test perplexity28.1—Unverified
4OPT 1.3BTest perplexity19.55—Unverified
5GPT-Neo 125MTest perplexity17.83—Unverified
6OPT 2.7BTest perplexity17.81—Unverified
7Smaller Transformer 126M (fine-tuned)Test perplexity12—Unverified
8GPT-Neo 1.3BTest perplexity11.46—Unverified
9Transformer 125MTest perplexity10.7—Unverified
10GPT-Neo 2.7BTest perplexity10.44—Unverified