SOTAVerified

Language Modelling

A language model is a model of natural language. Language models are useful for a variety of tasks, including speech recognition, machine translation, natural language generation (generating more human-like text), optical character recognition, route optimization, handwriting recognition, grammar induction, and information retrieval.

Large language models (LLMs), currently their most advanced form, are predominantly based on transformers trained on larger datasets (frequently using words scraped from the public internet). They have superseded recurrent neural network-based models, which had previously superseded the purely statistical models, such as word n-gram language model.

Source: Wikipedia

Papers

Recently AddedMost HypedMost ActiveNeeds VerificationMost Verified

Showing 4951–5000 of 17610 papers

TitleStatusHype
Real-Time Evaluation Models for RAG: Who Detects Hallucinations Best?—0
Malicious and Unintentional Disclosure Risks in Large Language Models for Code Generation—0
MoQa: Rethinking MoE Quantization with Multi-stage Data-model Distribution Awareness—0
Prompting Vision-Language Model for Nuclei Instance Segmentation and ClassificationCode0
LLM-Gomoku: A Large Language Model-Based System for Strategic Gomoku with Self-Play and Reinforcement Learning—0
A Multi-Modal Knowledge-Enhanced Framework for Vessel Trajectory Prediction—0
Enhancing Domain-Specific Encoder Models with LLM-Generated Data: How to Leverage Ontologies, and How to Do Without Them—0
Debate-Driven Multi-Agent LLMs for Phishing Email Detection—0
FakeReasoning: Towards Generalizable Forgery Detection and Reasoning—0
Boosting Large Language Models with Mask Fine-TuningCode0
Controlling Large Language Model with Latent ActionsCode0
VoxRep: Enhancing 3D Spatial Understanding in 2D Vision-Language Models via Voxel Representation—0
Using large language models to produce literature reviews: Usages and systematic biases of microphysics parametrizations in 2699 publications—0
VALLR: Visual ASR Language Model for Lip Reading—0
The cell as a token: high-dimensional geometry in language models and cell embeddings—0
LogicQA: Logical Anomaly Detection with Vision Language Model Generated Questions—0
RALLRec+: Retrieval Augmented Large Language Model Recommendation with ReasoningCode0
MoRE-LLM: Mixture of Rule Experts Guided by a Large Language ModelCode0
D4R -- Exploring and Querying Relational Graphs Using Natural Language and Large Language Models -- the Case of Historical Documents—0
Exploring the Effect of Robotic Embodiment and Empathetic Tone of LLMs on Empathy Elicitation—0
A Multilingual, Culture-First Approach to Addressing Misgendering in LLM ApplicationsCode0
Can Large Language Models Predict Associations Among Human Attitudes?—0
ASGO: Adaptive Structured Gradient Optimization—0
AutoRad-Lung: A Radiomic-Guided Prompting Autoregressive Vision-Language Model for Lung Nodule Malignancy Prediction—0
InfoBid: A Simulation Framework for Studying Information Disclosure in Auctions with Large Language Model-based Agents—0
Dynamic Pyramid Network for Efficient Multimodal Large Language ModelCode0
CFunModel: A "Funny" Language Model Capable of Chinese Humor Generation and Processing—0
Generative Linguistics, Large Language Models, and the Social Nature of Scientific Success—0
1.4 Million Open-Source Distilled Reasoning Dataset to Empower Large Language Model Training—0
Improved Alignment of Modalities in Large Vision Language Models—0
Exploring Textual Semantics Diversity for Image Transmission in Semantic Communication Systems using Visual Language Model—0
FireEdit: Fine-grained Instruction-based Image Editing via Region-aware Vision Language Model—0
A-MESS: Anchor based Multimodal Embedding with Semantic Synchronization for Multimodal Intent Recognition—0
CubeRobot: Grounding Language in Rubik's Cube Manipulation via Vision-Language Model—0
Optimizing Language Models for Inference Time Objectives using Reinforcement Learning—0
OAEI-LLM-T: A TBox Benchmark Dataset for Understanding Large Language Model Hallucinations in Ontology Matching—0
PHEONA: An Evaluation Framework for Large Language Model-based Approaches to Computational Phenotyping—0
Optimizing Photonic Structures with Large Language Model Driven Algorithm Discovery—0
Rosetta-PL: Propositional Logic as a Benchmark for Large Language Model Reasoning—0
SemEval-2025 Task 9: The Food Hazard Detection Challenge—0
Solving Situation Puzzles with Large Language Model and External Reformulation—0
MMCR: Advancing Visual Language Model in Multimodal Multi-Turn Contextual Reasoning—0
Manipulation and the AI Act: Large Language Model Chatbots and the Danger of Mirrors—0
TopV: Compatible Token Pruning with Inference Time Optimization for Fast and Low-Memory Multimodal Vision Language Model—0
Teaching LLMs for Step-Level Automatic Math Correction via Reinforcement Learning—0
Overcoming Vocabulary Mismatch: Vocabulary-agnostic Teacher Guided Language Modeling—0
ModiGen: A Large Language Model-Based Workflow for Multi-Task Modelica Code Generation—0
LANGALIGN: Enhancing Non-English Language Models via Cross-Lingual Embedding Alignment—0
Unsupervised Acquisition of Discrete Grammatical Categories—0
CLEAR: Contrasting Textual Feedback with Experts and Amateurs for Reasoning—0
Show:102550
← PrevPage 100 of 353Next →
All datasetsWikiText-103Penn Treebank (Word Level)enwik8The PileWikiText-2LAMBADAOne Billion WordText8Penn Treebank (Character Level)Hutter PrizeOpenWebTextSALMon

Benchmark Results

#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1Decay RNNValidation perplexity76.67—Unverified
2GRUValidation perplexity53.78—Unverified
3LSTMValidation perplexity52.73—Unverified
4LSTMTest perplexity48.7—Unverified
5Temporal CNNTest perplexity45.2—Unverified
6TCNTest perplexity45.19—Unverified
7GCNN-8Test perplexity44.9—Unverified
8Neural cache model (size = 100)Test perplexity44.8—Unverified
9Neural cache model (size = 2,000)Test perplexity40.8—Unverified
10GPT-2 SmallTest perplexity37.5—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1TCNTest perplexity108.47—Unverified
2Seq-U-NetTest perplexity107.95—Unverified
3GRU (Bai et al., 2018)Test perplexity92.48—Unverified
4R-TransformerTest perplexity84.38—Unverified
5Zaremba et al. (2014) - LSTM (medium)Test perplexity82.7—Unverified
6Gal & Ghahramani (2016) - Variational LSTM (medium)Test perplexity79.7—Unverified
7LSTM (Bai et al., 2018)Test perplexity78.93—Unverified
8Zaremba et al. (2014) - LSTM (large)Test perplexity78.4—Unverified
9Gal & Ghahramani (2016) - Variational LSTM (large)Test perplexity75.2—Unverified
10Inan et al. (2016) - Variational RHNTest perplexity66—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1LSTM (7 layers)Bit per Character (BPC)1.67—Unverified
2HypernetworksBit per Character (BPC)1.34—Unverified
3SHA-LSTM (4 layers, h=1024, no attention head)Bit per Character (BPC)1.33—Unverified
4LN HM-LSTMBit per Character (BPC)1.32—Unverified
5ByteNetBit per Character (BPC)1.31—Unverified
6Recurrent Highway NetworksBit per Character (BPC)1.27—Unverified
7Large FS-LSTM-4Bit per Character (BPC)1.25—Unverified
8Large mLSTMBit per Character (BPC)1.24—Unverified
9AWD-LSTM (3 layers)Bit per Character (BPC)1.23—Unverified
10Cluster-Former (#C=512)Bit per Character (BPC)1.22—Unverified
#ModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
1Smaller Transformer 126M (pre-trained)Test perplexity33—Unverified
2OPT 125MTest perplexity32.26—Unverified
3Larger Transformer 771M (pre-trained)Test perplexity28.1—Unverified
4OPT 1.3BTest perplexity19.55—Unverified
5GPT-Neo 125MTest perplexity17.83—Unverified
6OPT 2.7BTest perplexity17.81—Unverified
7Smaller Transformer 126M (fine-tuned)Test perplexity12—Unverified
8GPT-Neo 1.3BTest perplexity11.46—Unverified
9Transformer 125MTest perplexity10.7—Unverified
10GPT-Neo 2.7BTest perplexity10.44—Unverified