Keyword Spotting

In speech processing, keyword spotting deals with the identification of keywords in utterances.

( Image credit: Simon Grest )

Papers

Recently Added Most Hyped Most Active Needs Verification Most Verified

Showing 51–75 of 407 papers

Title	Date	Tasks	Status	Hype
BiFSMN: Binary Neural Network for Keyword Spotting	Feb 14, 2022	BinarizationKeyword Spotting	CodeCode Available	1
Chameleon: A MatMul-Free Temporal Convolutional Network Accelerator for End-to-End Few-Shot and Continual Learning from Sequential Data	May 30, 2025	Continual LearningFew-Shot Learning	CodeCode Available	1
Towards On-device Domain Adaptation for Noise-Robust Keyword Spotting	Jun 13, 2022	Edge-computingKeyword Spotting	CodeCode Available	1
Auto-KWS 2021 Challenge: Task, Datasets, and Baselines	Mar 31, 2021	AutoMLBIG-bench Machine Learning	CodeCode Available	1
Decentralizing Feature Extraction with Quantum Convolutional Neural Network for Automatic Speech Recognition	Oct 26, 2020	Automatic Speech RecognitionAutomatic Speech Recognition (ASR)	CodeCode Available	1
Zero-shot keyword spotting for visual speech recognition in-the-wild	Jul 23, 2018	Automatic Speech RecognitionAutomatic Speech Recognition (ASR)	CodeCode Available	1
IndicSUPERB: A Speech Processing Universal Performance Benchmark for Indian languages	Aug 24, 2022	Automatic Speech RecognitionAutomatic Speech Recognition (ASR)	CodeCode Available	1
EfficientNet-Absolute Zero for Continuous Speech Keyword Spotting	Dec 31, 2020	Keyword SpottingKeyword Spotting CSS	CodeCode Available	1
Small-Footprint Keyword Spotting with Multi-Scale Temporal Convolution	Oct 20, 2020	Efficient Neural NetworkKeyword Spotting	CodeCode Available	1
Few-Shot Keyword Spotting in Any Language	Apr 3, 2021	Keyword SpottingTransfer Learning	CodeCode Available	1
An Alternative Deep Feature Approach to Line Level Keyword Spotting	Jun 1, 2019	Handwritten Text RecognitionHTR	—Unverified	0
Behavior of Keyword Spotting Networks Under Noisy Conditions	Sep 15, 2021	Keyword Spotting	—Unverified	0
Implementing Keyword Spotting on the MCUX947 Microcontroller with Integrated NPU	Jun 10, 2025	CPUKeyword Spotting	—Unverified	0
BBS-KWS:The Mandarin Keyword Spotting System Won the Video Keyword Wakeup Challenge	Dec 3, 2021	Automatic Speech RecognitionAutomatic Speech Recognition (ASR)	—Unverified	0
AnalogNets: ML-HW Co-Design of Noise-robust TinyML Models and Always-On Analog Compute-in-Memory Accelerator	Nov 10, 2021	Keyword Spotting	—Unverified	0
AB/BA analysis: A framework for estimating keyword spotting recall improvement while maintaining audio privacy	Apr 18, 2022	Keyword Spotting	—Unverified	0
Contrastive Learning With Audio Discrimination For Customizable Keyword Spotting In Continuous Speech	Jan 12, 2024	Contrastive LearningKeyword Spotting	—Unverified	0
Automating speech reception threshold measurements using automatic speech recognition	Aug 1, 2013	Automatic Speech RecognitionAutomatic Speech Recognition (ASR)	—Unverified	0
Automatic Speech Recognition for Humanitarian Applications in Somali	Jul 23, 2018	Automatic Speech RecognitionAutomatic Speech Recognition (ASR)	—Unverified	0
A Multi-oriented Chinese Keyword Spotter Guided by Text Line Detection	Jan 3, 2020	Keyword SpottingLine Detection	—Unverified	0
Automatic Extraction of News Values from Headline Text	Apr 1, 2017	ArticlesKeyword Spotting	—Unverified	0
AutoKWS: Keyword Spotting with Differentiable Architecture Search	Sep 8, 2020	Keyword SpottingNeural Architecture Search	—Unverified	0
A Monaural Speech Enhancement Method for Robust Small-Footprint Keyword Spotting	Jun 20, 2019	Keyword SpottingSmall-Footprint Keyword Spotting	—Unverified	0
Adaptive Speech Understanding for Intuitive Model-based Spoken Dialogues	May 1, 2012	Dialogue ManagementInformation Retrieval	—Unverified	0
Convexity-based Pruning of Speech Representation Models	Aug 16, 2024	Keyword SpottingSelf-Supervised Learning	—Unverified	0

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All datasets QUESST Google Speech Commands hey Siri FKD Google Speech Commands V2 35 TensorFlow VoxForge Google Speech Commands (v2)Google Speech Commands V2 12

Benchmark Results

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	NNI non-filtered(for the development set)	Cnxe	6.09	—	Unverified
2	NNI Choi(for the development set)	Cnxe	5.89	—	Unverified
3	NTU rnn (eval)	Cnxe	2.01	—	Unverified
4	NTU dtw (eval)	Cnxe	2.01	—	Unverified
5	NTU dtw (dev)	Cnxe	2.01	—	Unverified
6	NTU rnn (dev)	Cnxe	2.01	—	Unverified
7	ELiRF SDTW (eval)	Cnxe	1.19	—	Unverified
8	ELiRF SDTW-avg (eval)	Cnxe	1.07	—	Unverified
9	ELiRF SDTW (dev)	Cnxe	1.07	—	Unverified
10	CUNY [Subseq+MFCC] (eval)	Cnxe	1.07	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	WaveFormer	Google Speech Commands V2 12	98.8	—	Unverified
2	QNN	Google Speech Commands V2 35	98.6	—	Unverified
3	TripletLoss-res15	Google Speech Commands V1 12	98.56	—	Unverified
4	M2D	Google Speech Commands V2 35	98.5	—	Unverified
5	EAT-S	Google Speech Commands V2 35	98.15	—	Unverified
6	Audio Spectrogram Transformer	Google Speech Commands V2 35	98.11	—	Unverified
7	EdgeCRNN 2.0×	Google Speech Commands V2 12	98.05	—	Unverified
8	BC-ResNet-8	Google Speech Commands V1 12	98	—	Unverified
9	HTS-AT	Google Speech Commands V2 35	98	—	Unverified
10	Wav2KWS	Google Speech Commands V1 12	97.9	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Stacked 1D CNN	Error Rate	1.99	—	Unverified
2	End-to-end DNN-HMM	Error Rate	1.7	—	Unverified
3	HEiMDaL	Error Rate	0.45	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Res26	Accuracy	95.88	—	Unverified
2	EfficientNet-A0 + SA + TL	Accuracy	95.83	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	QuaternionNeuralNetwork	Accuracy (10-fold)	98.53	—	Unverified
2	SSAMBA	Accuracy (10-fold)	97.4	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	TensorFlow's model version 2	TFMA	89.7	—	Unverified
2	TensorFlow's model version 1	TFMA	85.4	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	2D-ConvNet	Accuracy (%)	95.4	—	Unverified
2	1D-ConvNet	Accuracy (%)	93.7	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Quaternion Neural Networks	Accuracy(10-fold)	98.53	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	MicroNet-KWS-L	Accuracy	95.3	—	Unverified