| Survey of Visual-Semantic Embedding Methods for Zero-Shot Image Retrieval | May 16, 2021 | Graph GenerationImage Captioning | —Unverified | 0 | 0 |
| SwAMP: Swapped Assignment of Multi-Modal Pairs for Cross-Modal Retrieval | Nov 10, 2021 | Contrastive LearningCross-Modal Retrieval | —Unverified | 0 | 0 |
| Switch-BERT: Learning to Model Multimodal Interactions by Switching Attention and Input | Jun 25, 2023 | DiversityImage-text Retrieval | —Unverified | 0 | 0 |
| SyCoCa: Symmetrizing Contrastive Captioners with Attentive Masking for Multimodal Alignment | Jan 4, 2024 | Image Captioningimage-classification | —Unverified | 0 | 0 |
| The style transformer with common knowledge optimization for image-text retrieval | Mar 1, 2023 | Image-text RetrievalRetrieval | —Unverified | 0 | 0 |
| TSVC:Tripartite Learning with Semantic Variation Consistency for Robust Image-Text Retrieval | Jan 19, 2025 | Cross-Modal RetrievalImage-text Retrieval | —Unverified | 0 | 0 |
| UC2: Universal Cross-lingual Cross-modal Vision-and-Language Pre-training | Apr 1, 2021 | Image-text matchingImage-text Retrieval | —Unverified | 0 | 0 |
| UFO: A UniFied TransfOrmer for Vision-Language Representation Learning | Nov 19, 2021 | Image CaptioningImage-text matching | —Unverified | 0 | 0 |
| Understanding and Constructing Latent Modality Structures in Multi-modal Representation Learning | Mar 10, 2023 | Few-Shot Image Classificationimage-classification | —Unverified | 0 | 0 |
| Unicoder-VL: A Universal Encoder for Vision and Language by Cross-modal Pre-training | Aug 16, 2019 | Image-text matchingImage-text Retrieval | —Unverified | 0 | 0 |
| Unified Multimodal Pre-training and Prompt-based Tuning for Vision-Language Understanding and Generation | Dec 10, 2021 | Image-text matchingImage-text Retrieval | —Unverified | 0 | 0 |
| Uni-Mlip: Unified Self-supervision for Medical Vision Language Pre-training | Nov 20, 2024 | Contrastive Learningimage-classification | —Unverified | 0 | 0 |
| UNITER: Learning UNiversal Image-TExt Representations | Sep 25, 2019 | Image-text matchingImage-text Retrieval | —Unverified | 0 | 0 |
| UrbanCross: Enhancing Satellite Image-Text Retrieval with Cross-Domain Adaptation | Apr 22, 2024 | DiversityDomain Adaptation | —Unverified | 0 | 0 |
| Variance-Aware Loss Scheduling for Multimodal Alignment in Low-Data Settings | Mar 5, 2025 | Contrastive LearningImage-text Retrieval | —Unverified | 0 | 0 |
| ViLEM: Visual-Language Error Modeling for Image-Text Retrieval | Jan 1, 2023 | Contrastive LearningImage-text Retrieval | —Unverified | 0 | 0 |
| VL-BEiT: Generative Vision-Language Pretraining | Jun 2, 2022 | image-classificationImage Classification | —Unverified | 0 | 0 |
| VLMAE: Vision-Language Masked Autoencoder | Aug 19, 2022 | Image-text RetrievalLanguage Modeling | —Unverified | 0 | 0 |
| VL-Match: Enhancing Vision-Language Pretraining with Token-Level and Instance-Level Matching | Jan 1, 2023 | Image-text matchingImage-text Retrieval | —Unverified | 0 | 0 |
| Webly Supervised Joint Embedding for Cross-Modal Image-Text Retrieval | Aug 23, 2018 | Cross-Modal RetrievalImage-text Retrieval | —Unverified | 0 | 0 |
| Webly Supervised Joint Embedding for Cross-Modal lmage-Text Retrieval | Oct 1, 2018 | Cross-Modal RetrievalImage-text Retrieval | —Unverified | 0 | 0 |
| XGPT: Cross-modal Generative Pre-Training for Image Captioning | Mar 3, 2020 | Data AugmentationDenoising | —Unverified | 0 | 0 |
| Toward Automatic Relevance Judgment using Vision--Language Models for Image--Text Retrieval Evaluation | Aug 2, 2024 | Image-text RetrievalRetrieval | —Unverified | 0 | 0 |