Density Estimation

The goal of Density Estimation is to give an accurate description of the underlying probabilistic density distribution of an observable data set with unknown density.

Source: Contrastive Predictive Coding Based Feature for Automatic Speaker Verification

Papers

Recently Added Most Hyped Most Active Needs Verification Most Verified

Showing 1–25 of 1394 papers

Title	Date	Tasks	Status	Hype
A Scalable Approach to Clustering Embedding Projections	Apr 9, 2025	ClusteringDensity Estimation	CodeCode Available	7
Graph-Augmented Normalizing Flows for Anomaly Detection of Multiple Time Series	Feb 16, 2022	Anomaly DetectionDensity Estimation	CodeCode Available	3
Normalizing Flows are Capable Generative Models	Dec 9, 2024	Conditional Image GenerationDensity Estimation	CodeCode Available	3
Decoding-based Regression	Jan 31, 2025	Density Estimationregression	CodeCode Available	3
Flow Matching for Generative Modeling	Oct 6, 2022	Density EstimationImage Generation	CodeCode Available	3
Masked Autoregressive Flow for Density Estimation	May 19, 2017	Density Estimation	CodeCode Available	2
RoPAWS: Robust Semi-supervised Representation Learning from Uncurated Data	Feb 28, 2023	Density Estimationimage-classification	CodeCode Available	2
Building Normalizing Flows with Stochastic Interpolants	Sep 30, 2022	BenchmarkingDensity Estimation	CodeCode Available	2
MULDE: Multiscale Log-Density Estimation via Denoising Score Matching for Video Anomaly Detection	Mar 21, 2024	Anomaly DetectionAnomaly Detection In Surveillance Videos	CodeCode Available	2
General-purpose, long-context autoregressive modeling with Perceiver AR	Feb 15, 2022	Density EstimationLanguage Modelling	CodeCode Available	2
Progressive Distillation for Fast Sampling of Diffusion Models	Feb 1, 2022	Density EstimationImage Generation	CodeCode Available	2
Revisiting Generative Policies: A Simpler Reinforcement Learning Algorithmic Perspective	Dec 2, 2024	Density EstimationOffline RL	CodeCode Available	2
Probability density estimation for sets of large graphs with respect to spectral information using stochastic block models	Jul 5, 2022	Density Estimation	CodeCode Available	2
Positional Encoder Graph Quantile Neural Networks for Geographic Data	Sep 27, 2024	Density EstimationUncertainty Quantification	CodeCode Available	2
CLIP-EBC: CLIP Can Count Accurately through Enhanced Blockwise Classification	Mar 14, 2024	ClassificationCrowd Counting	CodeCode Available	2
Density Estimation via Binless Multidimensional Integration	Jul 10, 2024	Density Estimation	CodeCode Available	2
Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models	Jun 19, 2020	DenoisingDensity Estimation	CodeCode Available	2
CNN-based Density Estimation and Crowd Counting: A Survey	Mar 28, 2020	Crowd CountingDensity Estimation	CodeCode Available	2
FunDiff: Diffusion Models over Function Spaces for Physics-Informed Generative Modeling	Jun 9, 2025	Density Estimation	CodeCode Available	2
PhilEO Bench: Evaluating Geo-Spatial Foundation Models	Jan 9, 2024	Density EstimationEarth Observation	CodeCode Available	2
Continuous Language Generative Flow	Aug 1, 2021	Data AugmentationDensity Estimation	CodeCode Available	1
Continuous Contrastive Learning for Long-Tailed Semi-Supervised Recognition	Oct 8, 2024	Contrastive LearningDensity Estimation	CodeCode Available	1
Continuous Mixtures of Tractable Probabilistic Models	Sep 21, 2022	Density EstimationNumerical Integration	CodeCode Available	1
Conditional Measurement Density Estimation in Sequential Monte Carlo via Normalizing Flow	Mar 16, 2022	Density Estimationvalid	CodeCode Available	1
AdaCat: Adaptive Categorical Discretization for Autoregressive Models	Aug 3, 2022	Density EstimationOffline RL	CodeCode Available	1

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All datasets CIFAR-10 MNIST UCI POWER BSDS300 ImageNet 32x32 UCI GAS UCI HEPMASS UCI MINIBOONE OMNIGLOT Caltech-101 Freyfaces CelebA-HQ 256x256

Benchmark Results

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	MAF	Log-likelihood (nats)	3,049	—	Unverified
2	DDPM	NLL (bits/dim)	3.69	—	Unverified
3	MRCNF	NLL (bits/dim)	3.54	—	Unverified
4	FFJORD	NLL (bits/dim)	3.4	—	Unverified
5	RNODE	NLL (bits/dim)	3.38	—	Unverified
6	Pixel CNN	NLL (bits/dim)	3.03	—	Unverified
7	score SDE	NLL (bits/dim)	2.99	—	Unverified
8	Flow matching	NLL (bits/dim)	2.99	—	Unverified
9	Pixel CNN ++	NLL (bits/dim)	2.92	—	Unverified
10	Image Transformer	NLL (bits/dim)	2.9	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	DVP-VAE	NLL	77.1	—	Unverified
2	PaddingFlow	MMD-L2	11	—	Unverified
3	FFJORD	NLL (bits/dim)	0.99	—	Unverified
4	RNODE	NLL (bits/dim)	0.97	—	Unverified
5	Identity	NLL (bits/dim)	0.13	—	Unverified
6	MADE MoG	Log-likelihood (nats)	-1,038.5	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	nMDMA	Log-likelihood	1.78	—	Unverified
2	DDE	Log-likelihood	0.97	—	Unverified
3	B-NAF	Log-likelihood	0.61	—	Unverified
4	FFJORD	Log-likelihood	0.46	—	Unverified
5	MADE MoG	Log-likelihood	0.4	—	Unverified
6	PaddingFlow	CD	0.14	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	TAN	Log-likelihood	159.8	—	Unverified
2	FFJORD	Log-likelihood	157.4	—	Unverified
3	B-NAF	Log-likelihood	157.36	—	Unverified
4	MADE MoG	Log-likelihood	153.71	—	Unverified
5	PaddingFlow	CD	0.5	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	Glow	NLL (bits/dim)	4.09	—	Unverified
2	Image Transformer	NLL (bits/dim)	3.77	—	Unverified
3	VDM	NLL (bits/dim)	3.72	—	Unverified
4	i-DODE	NLL (bits/dim)	3.69	—	Unverified
5	MuLAN	NLL (bits/dim)	3.67	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	B-NAF	Log-likelihood	12.06	—	Unverified
2	DDE	Log-likelihood	9.73	—	Unverified
3	FFJORD	Log-likelihood	8.59	—	Unverified
4	MADE MoG	Log-likelihood	8.47	—	Unverified
5	PaddingFlow	CD	0.89	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	PaddingFlow	CD	13.8	—	Unverified
2	DDE	Log-likelihood	-11.3	—	Unverified
3	B-NAF	Log-likelihood	-14.71	—	Unverified
4	FFJORD	Log-likelihood	-14.92	—	Unverified
5	MADE MoG	Log-likelihood	-15.15	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	PaddingFlow	CD	24.5	—	Unverified
2	DDE	Log-likelihood	-6.94	—	Unverified
3	B-NAF	Log-likelihood	-8.95	—	Unverified
4	FFJORD	Log-likelihood	-10.43	—	Unverified
5	MADE MoG	Log-likelihood	-12.27	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	FFJORD	Negative ELBO	98.33	—	Unverified
2	B-NAF	Negative ELBO	94.83	—	Unverified
3	DVp-VAE	NLL	89.07	—	Unverified
4	PaddingFlow	MMD-L2	20.3	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	FFJORD	Negative ELBO	104.03	—	Unverified
2	B-NAF	Negative ELBO	94.91	—	Unverified
3	PaddingFlow	MMD-L2	17.9	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	FFJORD	Negative ELBO	4.39	—	Unverified
2	B-NAF	Negative ELBO	4.33	—	Unverified
3	PaddingFlow	MMD-L2	0.62	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	RNODE	Log-likelihood	1.04	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	MAF	Log-likelihood	5,872	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	RNODE	Log-likelihood	3.83	—	Unverified