Click-Through Rate Prediction

Click-through rate prediction is the task of predicting the likelihood that something on a website (such as an advertisement) will be clicked.

( Image credit: Deep Spatio-Temporal Neural Networks for Click-Through Rate Prediction )

Papers

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Showing 101–150 of 391 papers

Title	Date	Tasks	Status	Score
An Embedding Learning Framework for Numerical Features in CTR Prediction	Dec 16, 2020	Click-Through Rate PredictionFeature Engineering	CodeCode Available	5
Correct Normalization Matters: Understanding the Effect of Normalization On Deep Neural Network Models For Click-Through Rate Prediction	Jun 23, 2020	Click-Through Rate Prediction	CodeCode Available	5
A Universal Framework for Compressing Embeddings in CTR Prediction	Feb 21, 2025	Click-Through Rate PredictionContrastive Learning	CodeCode Available	5
Practice on Long Sequential User Behavior Modeling for Click-Through Rate Prediction	May 22, 2019	Click-Through Rate PredictionRecommendation Systems	CodeCode Available	5
MoE-MLoRA for Multi-Domain CTR Prediction: Efficient Adaptation with Expert Specialization	Jun 9, 2025	Click-Through Rate PredictionDiversity	CodeCode Available	5
Product-based Neural Networks for User Response Prediction over Multi-field Categorical Data	Jul 1, 2018	Click-Through Rate PredictionFeature Engineering	CodeCode Available	5
The Re-Label Method For Data-Centric Machine Learning	Feb 9, 2023	Click-Through Rate PredictionDeep Learning	CodeCode Available	5
ContextNet: A Click-Through Rate Prediction Framework Using Contextual information to Refine Feature Embedding	Jul 26, 2021	Click-Through Rate PredictionRecommendation Systems	CodeCode Available	5
MAP: A Model-agnostic Pretraining Framework for Click-through Rate Prediction	Aug 3, 2023	Binary ClassificationClick-Through Rate Prediction	CodeCode Available	5
Learning Piece-wise Linear Models from Large Scale Data for Ad Click Prediction	Apr 18, 2017	Click-Through Rate PredictionFeature Engineering	CodeCode Available	5
Looking at CTR Prediction Again: Is Attention All You Need?	May 12, 2021	AllClick-Through Rate Prediction	CodeCode Available	5
Learning Category Trees for ID-Based Recommendation: Exploring the Power of Differentiable Vector Quantization	Aug 31, 2023	Click-Through Rate PredictionCollaborative Filtering	CodeCode Available	5
AutoRec: An Automated Recommender System	Jun 26, 2020	AutoMLClick-Through Rate Prediction	CodeCode Available	5
A Dual Input-aware Factorization Machine for CTR Prediction	Jul 1, 2020	Click-Through Rate Prediction	CodeCode Available	5
Click-Through Rate Prediction with the User Memory Network	Jul 9, 2019	Click-Through Rate PredictionPrediction	CodeCode Available	5
APG: Adaptive Parameter Generation Network for Click-Through Rate Prediction	Mar 30, 2022	Click-Through Rate Prediction	CodeCode Available	5
i-Razor: A Differentiable Neural Input Razor for Feature Selection and Dimension Search in DNN-Based Recommender Systems	Apr 1, 2022	Click-Through Rate PredictionFeature Engineering	CodeCode Available	5
Joint Optimization of Ranking and Calibration with Contextualized Hybrid Model	Aug 12, 2022	Click-Through Rate Prediction	CodeCode Available	5
Hybrid CNN Based Attention with Category Prior for User Image Behavior Modeling	May 5, 2022	Click-Through Rate PredictionPrediction	CodeCode Available	5
MOEF: Modeling Occasion Evolution in Frequency Domain for Promotion-Aware Click-Through Rate Prediction	Dec 27, 2021	Click-Through Rate PredictionRecommendation Systems	CodeCode Available	5
Generating Multi-type Temporal Sequences to Mitigate Class-imbalanced Problem	Apr 7, 2021	BIG-bench Machine LearningClick-Through Rate Prediction	CodeCode Available	5
Scene-wise Adaptive Network for Dynamic Cold-start Scenes Optimization in CTR Prediction	Aug 3, 2024	Click-Through Rate PredictionDiversity	CodeCode Available	5
Deep Interaction Machine: A Simple but Effective Model for High-order Feature Interactions	Jan 1, 2020	Click-Through Rate PredictionFeature Engineering	CodeCode Available	5
Deep Interest Evolution Network for Click-Through Rate Prediction	Sep 11, 2018	Click-Through Rate PredictionDeep Learning	CodeCode Available	5
GateNet: Gating-Enhanced Deep Network for Click-Through Rate Prediction	Jul 6, 2020	Click-Through Rate PredictionRecommendation Systems	CodeCode Available	5
Learning Feature Interactions with Lorentzian Factorization Machine	Nov 22, 2019	Click-Through Rate PredictionDeep Learning	CodeCode Available	5
Mixed Dimension Embeddings with Application to Memory-Efficient Recommendation Systems	Sep 25, 2019	Click-Through Rate PredictionCollaborative Filtering	CodeCode Available	5
CELA: Cost-Efficient Language Model Alignment for CTR Prediction	May 17, 2024	Click-Through Rate PredictionCollaborative Filtering	CodeCode Available	5
FM^2: Field-matrixed Factorization Machines for Recommender Systems	Feb 20, 2021	Click-Through Rate PredictionRecommendation Systems	CodeCode Available	5
An End-to-End Neighborhood-based Interaction Model for Knowledge-enhanced Recommendation	Aug 12, 2019	Click-Through Rate PredictionKnowledge Graphs	CodeCode Available	5
Disentangled Self-Attentive Neural Networks for Click-Through Rate Prediction	Jan 11, 2021	Click-Through Rate PredictionComputational Efficiency	CodeCode Available	5
FinalMLP: An Enhanced Two-Stream MLP Model for CTR Prediction	Apr 3, 2023	Click-Through Rate Predictionfeature selection	CodeCode Available	5
Field-Embedded Factorization Machines for Click-through rate prediction	Sep 13, 2020	Click-Through Rate PredictionPrediction	CodeCode Available	5
A Comprehensive Summarization and Evaluation of Feature Refinement Modules for CTR Prediction	Nov 8, 2023	BenchmarkingClick-Through Rate Prediction	CodeCode Available	5
Field-aware factorization machines for CTR prediction	Sep 7, 2016	Click-Through Rate PredictionPrediction	CodeCode Available	5
Field-weighted Factorization Machines for Click-Through Rate Prediction in Display Advertising	Jun 9, 2018	Click-Through Rate PredictionPrediction	CodeCode Available	5
Fusion Matters: Learning Fusion in Deep Click-through Rate Prediction Models	Nov 24, 2024	Click-Through Rate PredictionNeural Architecture Search	CodeCode Available	5
Differentiable NAS Framework and Application to Ads CTR Prediction	Oct 25, 2021	Click-Through Rate PredictionNeural Architecture Search	CodeCode Available	5
Feature Fusion Revisited: Multimodal CTR Prediction for MMCTR Challenge	Apr 26, 2025	Click-Through Rate PredictionInformation Retrieval	CodeCode Available	5
Feature Generation by Convolutional Neural Network for Click-Through Rate Prediction	Apr 9, 2019	Click-Through Rate PredictionDeep Learning	CodeCode Available	5
FAT-DeepFFM: Field Attentive Deep Field-aware Factorization Machine	May 15, 2019	Click-Through Rate PredictionFeature Importance	CodeCode Available	5
FAN: Fatigue-Aware Network for Click-Through Rate Prediction in E-commerce Recommendation	Apr 10, 2023	Click-Through Rate PredictionTime Series	CodeCode Available	5
Feature embedding in click-through rate prediction	Sep 20, 2022	BenchmarkingClick-Through Rate Prediction	CodeCode Available	5
Feature Staleness Aware Incremental Learning for CTR Prediction	Apr 29, 2025	Click-Through Rate PredictionIncremental Learning	CodeCode Available	5
Entire Space Multi-Task Model: An Effective Approach for Estimating Post-Click Conversion Rate	Apr 21, 2018	Click-Through Rate PredictionRecommendation Systems	CodeCode Available	5
Deep Spatio-Temporal Neural Networks for Click-Through Rate Prediction	Jun 10, 2019	Click-Through Rate PredictionPrediction	CodeCode Available	5
Deep Session Interest Network for Click-Through Rate Prediction	May 16, 2019	Click-Through Rate PredictionDeep Learning	CodeCode Available	5
Deep Position-wise Interaction Network for CTR Prediction	Jun 10, 2021	Click-Through Rate PredictionPosition	CodeCode Available	5
DKN: Deep Knowledge-Aware Network for News Recommendation	Jan 25, 2018	Click-Through Rate PredictionCommon Sense Reasoning	CodeCode Available	5
FedCTR: Federated Native Ad CTR Prediction with Multi-Platform User Behavior Data	Jul 23, 2020	Click-Through Rate PredictionPrediction	CodeCode Available	5

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All datasets Criteo Avazu Company*Bing News iPinYou KKBox MovieLens 1M MovieLens 20M Amazon Dianping Frappe KDD12

Benchmark Results

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	QNN-α	AUC	0.82	—	Unverified
2	FCN	AUC	0.82	—	Unverified
3	GDCN	AUC	0.82	—	Unverified
4	MemoNet	AUC	0.82	—	Unverified
5	TF4CTR	AUC	0.82	—	Unverified
6	FinalMLP + MMBAttn	AUC	0.81	—	Unverified
7	FinalMLP	AUC	0.81	—	Unverified
8	CETN	AUC	0.81	—	Unverified
9	STEC	AUC	0.81	—	Unverified
10	DNN + MMBAttn	AUC	0.81	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	OptInter	AUC	0.81	—	Unverified
2	OptInter-M	AUC	0.81	—	Unverified
3	CELS	AUC	0.8	—	Unverified
4	FCN	AUC	0.8	—	Unverified
5	CETN	AUC	0.8	—	Unverified
6	OptFS	AUC	0.8	—	Unverified
7	OptEmbed	AUC	0.79	—	Unverified
8	Sparse Deep FwFM	AUC	0.79	—	Unverified
9	FGCNN+IPNN	AUC	0.79	—	Unverified
10	Fi-GNN	AUC	0.78	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	DeepFM	AUC	0.87	—	Unverified
2	FNN	AUC	0.87	—	Unverified
3	Wide & Deep (LR & DNN)	AUC	0.87	—	Unverified
4	PNN*	AUC	0.87	—	Unverified
5	IPNN	AUC	0.87	—	Unverified
6	Wide & Deep (FM & DNN)	AUC	0.87	—	Unverified
7	OPNN	AUC	0.87	—	Unverified
8	DeepMCP	AUC	0.77	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	xDeepFM	AUC	0.84	—	Unverified
2	Wide & Deep	AUC	0.84	—	Unverified
3	DeepFM	AUC	0.84	—	Unverified
4	PNN	AUC	0.83	—	Unverified
5	RippleNet	AUC	0.68	—	Unverified
6	DKN	AUC	0.66	—	Unverified
7	DNN	AUC	0.03	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	OPNN	AUC	0.82	—	Unverified
2	IPNN	AUC	0.79	—	Unverified
3	FCN	AUC	0.79	—	Unverified
4	OptInter	AUC	0.78	—	Unverified
5	OptInter-M	AUC	0.78	—	Unverified
6	PNN*	AUC	0.77	—	Unverified
7	FNN	AUC	0.76	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	FCN	AUC	0.86	—	Unverified
2	DeepIM	AUC	0.85	—	Unverified
3	xDeepFM	AUC	0.85	—	Unverified
4	AutoInt+	AUC	0.85	—	Unverified
5	DeepFM	AUC	0.85	—	Unverified
6	DCNv2	AUC	0.85	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	STEC	AUC	0.97	—	Unverified
2	KNI	AUC	0.94	—	Unverified
3	RippleNet	AUC	0.92	—	Unverified
4	MKR	AUC	0.92	—	Unverified
5	DCNv3	AUC	0.91	—	Unverified
6	AutoInt	AUC	0.85	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	github.com/guotong1988/movielens_dataset	AUC	0.79	—	Unverified
2	DIN + Dice Activation	AUC	0.73	—	Unverified
3	DIN	AUC	0.73	—	Unverified
4	DeepFM	AUC	0.73	—	Unverified
5	PNN	AUC	0.73	—	Unverified
6	Wide & Deep	AUC	0.73	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	DIN + Dice Activation	AUC	0.89	—	Unverified
2	DIN	AUC	0.88	—	Unverified
3	DeepFM	AUC	0.87	—	Unverified
4	PNN	AUC	0.87	—	Unverified
5	Wide & Deep	AUC	0.86	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	xDeepFM	AUC	0.86	—	Unverified
2	DeepFM	AUC	0.85	—	Unverified
3	PNN	AUC	0.84	—	Unverified
4	Wide & Deep	AUC	0.84	—	Unverified
5	DNN	AUC	0.83	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	TF4CTR	AUC	0.99	—	Unverified
2	FinalMLP	AUC	0.99	—	Unverified
3	FinalMLP + MMBAttn	AUC	0.99	—	Unverified
4	DNN + MMBAttn	AUC	0.99	—	Unverified
5	AFN+	AUC	0.98	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	FCN	AUC	0.81	—	Unverified
2	MemoNet	AUC	0.81	—	Unverified
3	OptEmbed	AUC	0.8	—	Unverified
4	OptFS	AUC	0.8	—	Unverified
5	AutoInt	AUC	0.79	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	TF4CTR	AUC	0.97	—	Unverified
2	FinalMLP	AUC	0.97	—	Unverified
3	AFN+	AUC	0.95	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	DSTN-I	AUC	0.84	—	Unverified
2	DeepMCP	AUC	0.79	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	KGCN-sum	AUC	0.74	—	Unverified
2	RippleNet	AUC	0.73	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	KGCN-concat	AUC	0.8	—	Unverified
2	MKR	AUC	0.69	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	DIEN	AUC	0.78	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	NormDNN	AUC	0.74	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	MKR	AUC	0.73	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	FGCNN+IPNN	AUC	0.94	—	Unverified