Click-Through Rate Prediction

Click-through rate prediction is the task of predicting the likelihood that something on a website (such as an advertisement) will be clicked.

( Image credit: Deep Spatio-Temporal Neural Networks for Click-Through Rate Prediction )

Papers

Recently Added Most Hyped Most Active Needs Verification Most Verified

Showing 1–50 of 391 papers

Title	Date	Tasks	Status	Hype
ReChorus2.0: A Modular and Task-Flexible Recommendation Library	May 28, 2024	Click-Through Rate PredictionRecommendation Systems	CodeCode Available	4
MaskNet: Introducing Feature-Wise Multiplication to CTR Ranking Models by Instance-Guided Mask	Feb 9, 2021	Click-Through Rate PredictionRecommendation Systems	CodeCode Available	4
FCN: Fusing Exponential and Linear Cross Network for Click-Through Rate Prediction	Jul 18, 2024	Click-Through Rate Prediction	CodeCode Available	2
Understanding the Ranking Loss for Recommendation with Sparse User Feedback	Mar 21, 2024	Binary ClassificationClick-Through Rate Prediction	CodeCode Available	2
BARS: Towards Open Benchmarking for Recommender Systems	May 19, 2022	BenchmarkingClick-Through Rate Prediction	CodeCode Available	2
PaddleRec	Nov 19, 2021	Click-Through Rate PredictionRecommendation Systems	CodeCode Available	2
Adaptive Optimizers with Sparse Group Lasso for Neural Networks in CTR Prediction	Jul 30, 2021	Click-Through Rate Prediction	CodeCode Available	2
FLEN: Leveraging Field for Scalable CTR Prediction	Nov 12, 2019	Click-Through Rate PredictionPrediction	CodeCode Available	2
Behavior Sequence Transformer for E-commerce Recommendation in Alibaba	May 15, 2019	Click-Through Rate PredictionRecommendation Systems	CodeCode Available	2
AutoInt: Automatic Feature Interaction Learning via Self-Attentive Neural Networks	Oct 29, 2018	Click-Through Rate PredictionRecommendation Systems	CodeCode Available	2
Revisiting Feature Interactions from the Perspective of Quadratic Neural Networks for Click-through Rate Prediction	May 23, 2025	Click-Through Rate PredictionRecommendation Systems	CodeCode Available	1
1^st Place Solution of WWW 2025 EReL@MIR Workshop Multimodal CTR Prediction Challenge	May 6, 2025	Click-Through Rate PredictionRecommendation Systems	CodeCode Available	1
Quadratic Interest Network for Multimodal Click-Through Rate Prediction	Apr 24, 2025	Click-Through Rate PredictionMultimodal Recommendation	CodeCode Available	1
GraphHash: Graph Clustering Enables Parameter Efficiency in Recommender Systems	Dec 23, 2024	Click-Through Rate PredictionClustering	CodeCode Available	1
Multi-granularity Interest Retrieval and Refinement Network for Long-Term User Behavior Modeling in CTR Prediction	Nov 22, 2024	Click-Through Rate PredictionRetrieval	CodeCode Available	1
Towards Automated Model Design on Recommender Systems	Nov 12, 2024	AutoMLClick-Through Rate Prediction	CodeCode Available	1
Unified Low-rank Compression Framework for Click-through Rate Prediction	May 28, 2024	Click-Through Rate PredictionLow-rank compression	CodeCode Available	1
TF4CTR: Twin Focus Framework for CTR Prediction via Adaptive Sample Differentiation	May 6, 2024	Click-Through Rate PredictionRecommendation Systems	CodeCode Available	1
Retrieval-Oriented Knowledge for Click-Through Rate Prediction	Apr 28, 2024	Click-Through Rate PredictionContrastive Learning	CodeCode Available	1
RAT: Retrieval-Augmented Transformer for Click-Through Rate Prediction	Apr 2, 2024	Click-Through Rate PredictionRetrieval	CodeCode Available	1
Discrete Semantic Tokenization for Deep CTR Prediction	Mar 13, 2024	Click-Through Rate PredictionNews Recommendation	CodeCode Available	1
Helen: Optimizing CTR Prediction Models with Frequency-wise Hessian Eigenvalue Regularization	Feb 23, 2024	Click-Through Rate PredictionPrediction	CodeCode Available	1
MerRec: A Large-scale Multipurpose Mercari Dataset for Consumer-to-Consumer Recommendation Systems	Feb 22, 2024	Click-Through Rate PredictionDiversity	CodeCode Available	1
A Unified Framework for Multi-Domain CTR Prediction via Large Language Models	Dec 17, 2023	Click-Through Rate PredictionLanguage Modelling	CodeCode Available	1
CETN: Contrast-enhanced Through Network for CTR Prediction	Dec 15, 2023	Click-Through Rate PredictionContrastive Learning	CodeCode Available	1
Towards Deeper, Lighter and Interpretable Cross Network for CTR Prediction	Nov 8, 2023	Click-Through Rate PredictionRecommendation Systems	CodeCode Available	1
FLIP: Fine-grained Alignment between ID-based Models and Pretrained Language Models for CTR Prediction	Oct 30, 2023	Click-Through Rate PredictionContrastive Learning	CodeCode Available	1
OutRank: Speeding up AutoML-based Model Search for Large Sparse Data sets with Cardinality-aware Feature Ranking	Sep 4, 2023	Anomaly DetectionAutoML	CodeCode Available	1
Temporal Interest Network for User Response Prediction	Aug 15, 2023	Click-Through Rate PredictionPrediction	CodeCode Available	1
Cognitive Evolutionary Search to Select Feature Interactions for Click-Through Rate Prediction	Aug 1, 2023	Click-Through Rate PredictionEvolutionary Algorithms	CodeCode Available	1
Reformulating CTR Prediction: Learning Invariant Feature Interactions for Recommendation	Apr 26, 2023	Click-Through Rate PredictionDisentanglement	CodeCode Available	1
EulerNet: Adaptive Feature Interaction Learning via Euler's Formula for CTR Prediction	Apr 21, 2023	Click-Through Rate Prediction	CodeCode Available	1
TWIN: TWo-stage Interest Network for Lifelong User Behavior Modeling in CTR Prediction at Kuaishou	Feb 5, 2023	Click-Through Rate Prediction	CodeCode Available	1
Optimizing Feature Set for Click-Through Rate Prediction	Jan 26, 2023	Click-Through Rate PredictionPrediction	CodeCode Available	1
CL4CTR: A Contrastive Learning Framework for CTR Prediction	Dec 1, 2022	Click-Through Rate PredictionContrastive Learning	CodeCode Available	1
Directed Acyclic Graph Factorization Machines for CTR Prediction via Knowledge Distillation	Nov 21, 2022	Click-Through Rate PredictionKnowledge Distillation	CodeCode Available	1
MemoNet: Memorizing All Cross Features' Representations Efficiently via Multi-Hash Codebook Network for CTR Prediction	Oct 25, 2022	AllClick-Through Rate Prediction	CodeCode Available	1
Clustering the Sketch: A Novel Approach to Embedding Table Compression	Oct 12, 2022	Click-Through Rate PredictionClustering	CodeCode Available	1
FiBiNet++: Reducing Model Size by Low Rank Feature Interaction Layer for CTR Prediction	Sep 12, 2022	Click-Through Rate PredictionRecommendation Systems	CodeCode Available	1
Towards Understanding the Overfitting Phenomenon of Deep Click-Through Rate Prediction Models	Sep 4, 2022	Click-Through Rate PredictionRecommendation Systems	CodeCode Available	1
Causal Inference in Recommender Systems: A Survey and Future Directions	Aug 26, 2022	Causal InferenceClick-Through Rate Prediction	CodeCode Available	1
OptEmbed: Learning Optimal Embedding Table for Click-through Rate Prediction	Aug 9, 2022	Click-Through Rate PredictionRecommendation Systems	CodeCode Available	1
NASRec: Weight Sharing Neural Architecture Search for Recommender Systems	Jul 14, 2022	Click-Through Rate PredictionNeural Architecture Search	CodeCode Available	1
LPFS: Learnable Polarizing Feature Selection for Click-Through Rate Prediction	Jun 1, 2022	Click-Through Rate Predictionfeature selection	CodeCode Available	1
Enhancing CTR Prediction with Context-Aware Feature Representation Learning	Apr 19, 2022	Click-Through Rate PredictionRepresentation Learning	CodeCode Available	1
CowClip: Reducing CTR Prediction Model Training Time from 12 hours to 10 minutes on 1 GPU	Apr 13, 2022	Click-Through Rate PredictionGPU	CodeCode Available	1
Modeling Users' Contextualized Page-wise Feedback for Click-Through Rate Prediction in E-commerce Search	Mar 29, 2022	Click-Through Rate PredictionDenoising	CodeCode Available	1
GIFT: Graph-guIded Feature Transfer for Cold-Start Video Click-Through Rate Prediction	Feb 21, 2022	Click-Through Rate Prediction	CodeCode Available	1
Real World Large Scale Recommendation Systems Reproducibility and Smooth Activations	Feb 14, 2022	Click-Through Rate PredictionRecommendation Systems	CodeCode Available	1
Triangle Graph Interest Network for Click-through Rate Prediction	Feb 6, 2022	Click-Through Rate PredictionPrediction	CodeCode Available	1

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All datasets Criteo Avazu Company*Bing News iPinYou KKBox MovieLens 1M MovieLens 20M Amazon Dianping Frappe KDD12

Benchmark Results

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	QNN-α	AUC	0.82	—	Unverified
2	FCN	AUC	0.82	—	Unverified
3	GDCN	AUC	0.82	—	Unverified
4	MemoNet	AUC	0.82	—	Unverified
5	TF4CTR	AUC	0.82	—	Unverified
6	FinalMLP + MMBAttn	AUC	0.81	—	Unverified
7	FinalMLP	AUC	0.81	—	Unverified
8	CETN	AUC	0.81	—	Unverified
9	DNN + MMBAttn	AUC	0.81	—	Unverified
10	STEC	AUC	0.81	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	OptInter	AUC	0.81	—	Unverified
2	OptInter-M	AUC	0.81	—	Unverified
3	CELS	AUC	0.8	—	Unverified
4	FCN	AUC	0.8	—	Unverified
5	CETN	AUC	0.8	—	Unverified
6	OptFS	AUC	0.8	—	Unverified
7	OptEmbed	AUC	0.79	—	Unverified
8	Sparse Deep FwFM	AUC	0.79	—	Unverified
9	FGCNN+IPNN	AUC	0.79	—	Unverified
10	Fi-GNN	AUC	0.78	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	DeepFM	AUC	0.87	—	Unverified
2	FNN	AUC	0.87	—	Unverified
3	Wide & Deep (LR & DNN)	AUC	0.87	—	Unverified
4	PNN*	AUC	0.87	—	Unverified
5	IPNN	AUC	0.87	—	Unverified
6	Wide & Deep (FM & DNN)	AUC	0.87	—	Unverified
7	OPNN	AUC	0.87	—	Unverified
8	DeepMCP	AUC	0.77	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	xDeepFM	AUC	0.84	—	Unverified
2	Wide & Deep	AUC	0.84	—	Unverified
3	DeepFM	AUC	0.84	—	Unverified
4	PNN	AUC	0.83	—	Unverified
5	RippleNet	AUC	0.68	—	Unverified
6	DKN	AUC	0.66	—	Unverified
7	DNN	AUC	0.03	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	OPNN	AUC	0.82	—	Unverified
2	IPNN	AUC	0.79	—	Unverified
3	FCN	AUC	0.79	—	Unverified
4	OptInter	AUC	0.78	—	Unverified
5	OptInter-M	AUC	0.78	—	Unverified
6	PNN*	AUC	0.77	—	Unverified
7	FNN	AUC	0.76	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	FCN	AUC	0.86	—	Unverified
2	DeepIM	AUC	0.85	—	Unverified
3	xDeepFM	AUC	0.85	—	Unverified
4	AutoInt+	AUC	0.85	—	Unverified
5	DCNv2	AUC	0.85	—	Unverified
6	DeepFM	AUC	0.85	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	STEC	AUC	0.97	—	Unverified
2	KNI	AUC	0.94	—	Unverified
3	RippleNet	AUC	0.92	—	Unverified
4	MKR	AUC	0.92	—	Unverified
5	DCNv3	AUC	0.91	—	Unverified
6	AutoInt	AUC	0.85	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	github.com/guotong1988/movielens_dataset	AUC	0.79	—	Unverified
2	DIN + Dice Activation	AUC	0.73	—	Unverified
3	DIN	AUC	0.73	—	Unverified
4	DeepFM	AUC	0.73	—	Unverified
5	PNN	AUC	0.73	—	Unverified
6	Wide & Deep	AUC	0.73	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	DIN + Dice Activation	AUC	0.89	—	Unverified
2	DIN	AUC	0.88	—	Unverified
3	DeepFM	AUC	0.87	—	Unverified
4	PNN	AUC	0.87	—	Unverified
5	Wide & Deep	AUC	0.86	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	xDeepFM	AUC	0.86	—	Unverified
2	DeepFM	AUC	0.85	—	Unverified
3	PNN	AUC	0.84	—	Unverified
4	Wide & Deep	AUC	0.84	—	Unverified
5	DNN	AUC	0.83	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	TF4CTR	AUC	0.99	—	Unverified
2	FinalMLP + MMBAttn	AUC	0.99	—	Unverified
3	FinalMLP	AUC	0.99	—	Unverified
4	DNN + MMBAttn	AUC	0.99	—	Unverified
5	AFN+	AUC	0.98	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	FCN	AUC	0.81	—	Unverified
2	MemoNet	AUC	0.81	—	Unverified
3	OptEmbed	AUC	0.8	—	Unverified
4	OptFS	AUC	0.8	—	Unverified
5	AutoInt	AUC	0.79	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	TF4CTR	AUC	0.97	—	Unverified
2	FinalMLP	AUC	0.97	—	Unverified
3	AFN+	AUC	0.95	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	DSTN-I	AUC	0.84	—	Unverified
2	DeepMCP	AUC	0.79	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	KGCN-sum	AUC	0.74	—	Unverified
2	RippleNet	AUC	0.73	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	KGCN-concat	AUC	0.8	—	Unverified
2	MKR	AUC	0.69	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	DIEN	AUC	0.78	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	NormDNN	AUC	0.74	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	MKR	AUC	0.73	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	FGCNN+IPNN	AUC	0.94	—	Unverified