Camouflaged Object Segmentation

Camouflaged object segmentation (COS) or Camouflaged object detection (COD), which was originally promoted by T.-N. Le et al. (2017), aims to identify objects that conceal their texture into the surrounding environment. The high intrinsic similarities between the target object and the background make COS/COD far more challenging than the traditional object segmentation task. Also, refer to the online benchmarks on CAMO dataset, COD dataset, and online demo.

( Image source: Anabranch Network for Camouflaged Object Segmentation )

Papers

Recently Added Most Hyped Most Active Needs Verification Most Verified

Showing 1–25 of 47 papers

Title	Date	Tasks	Status	Hype
Bilateral Reference for High-Resolution Dichotomous Image Segmentation	Jan 7, 2024	Camouflaged Object SegmentationDichotomous Image Segmentation	CodeCode Available	7
FOCUS: Towards Universal Foreground Segmentation	Jan 9, 2025	Camouflaged Object SegmentationDefocus Blur Detection	CodeCode Available	2
Leveraging Hallucinations to Reduce Manual Prompt Dependency in Promptable Segmentation	Aug 27, 2024	Camouflaged Object SegmentationCamouflaged Object Segmentation with a Single Task-generic Prompt	CodeCode Available	2
Open-Vocabulary Camouflaged Object Segmentation	Nov 19, 2023	Camouflaged Object SegmentationImage Segmentation	CodeCode Available	2
ZoomNeXt: A Unified Collaborative Pyramid Network for Camouflaged Object Detection	Oct 31, 2023	Camouflaged Object Segmentation	CodeCode Available	2
Explicit Visual Prompting for Universal Foreground Segmentations	May 29, 2023	Camouflaged Object SegmentationDefocus Blur Detection	CodeCode Available	2
Explicit Visual Prompting for Low-Level Structure Segmentations	Mar 20, 2023	Camouflaged Object SegmentationDefocus Blur Detection	CodeCode Available	2
CMX: Cross-Modal Fusion for RGB-X Semantic Segmentation with Transformers	Mar 9, 2022	3D Object DetectionAutonomous Vehicles	CodeCode Available	2
Boundary-Aware Segmentation Network for Mobile and Web Applications	Jan 12, 2021	Camouflaged Object SegmentationDecoder	CodeCode Available	2
Open-Vocabulary Camouflaged Object Segmentation with Cascaded Vision Language Models	Jun 24, 2025	Camouflaged Object SegmentationSegmentation	CodeCode Available	1
CamSAM2: Segment Anything Accurately in Camouflaged Videos	Mar 25, 2025	Camouflaged Object SegmentationObject	CodeCode Available	1
Unlocking Attributes' Contribution to Successful Camouflage: A Combined Textual and VisualAnalysis Strategy	Aug 22, 2024	AttributeCamouflaged Object Segmentation	CodeCode Available	1
Unsupervised Camouflaged Object Segmentation as Domain Adaptation	Aug 8, 2023	AttributeCamouflaged Object Segmentation	CodeCode Available	1
Edge-Aware Mirror Network for Camouflaged Object Detection	Jul 8, 2023	Camouflaged Object SegmentationEdge Detection	CodeCode Available	1
Camouflaged Object Detection via Context-aware Cross-level Fusion	Jul 27, 2022	Camouflaged Object Segmentationobject-detection	CodeCode Available	1
Implicit Motion Handling for Video Camouflaged Object Detection	Mar 14, 2022	Camouflaged Object SegmentationMotion Estimation	CodeCode Available	1
Zoom In and Out: A Mixed-scale Triplet Network for Camouflaged Object Detection	Mar 5, 2022	Camouflaged Object SegmentationImage Segmentation	CodeCode Available	1
Fast Camouflaged Object Detection via Edge-based Reversible Re-calibration Network	Nov 5, 2021	Camouflaged Object SegmentationImage Segmentation	CodeCode Available	1
Context-aware Cross-level Fusion Network for Camouflaged Object Detection	May 26, 2021	Camouflaged Object SegmentationObject	CodeCode Available	1
Anabranch Network for Camouflaged Object Segmentation	May 20, 2021	BenchmarkingCamouflaged Object Segmentation	CodeCode Available	1
Camouflaged Object Segmentation with Distraction Mining	Apr 21, 2021	Camouflaged Object SegmentationDichotomous Image Segmentation	CodeCode Available	1
Generative Transformer for Accurate and Reliable Salient Object Detection	Apr 20, 2021	AttributeCamouflaged Object Segmentation	CodeCode Available	1
Simultaneously Localize, Segment and Rank the Camouflaged Objects	Mar 6, 2021	Camouflaged Object Segmentationobject-detection	CodeCode Available	1
Concealed Object Detection	Feb 20, 2021	Camouflaged Object SegmentationDichotomous Image Segmentation	CodeCode Available	1
PraNet: Parallel Reverse Attention Network for Polyp Segmentation	Jun 13, 2020	Camouflaged Object SegmentationCamouflage Segmentation	CodeCode Available	1

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All datasets PCOD_1200 CAMO COD Chameleon NC4K MoCA-Mask Camouflaged Animal Dataset

Benchmark Results

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	CMX	S-Measure	0.92	—	Unverified
2	PGSNet	S-Measure	0.92	—	Unverified
3	PraNet	S-Measure	0.9	—	Unverified
4	ZoomNet	S-Measure	0.9	—	Unverified
5	C2FNet-V2	S-Measure	0.9	—	Unverified
6	C2FNet	S-Measure	0.89	—	Unverified
7	LSR	S-Measure	0.89	—	Unverified
8	F3Net	S-Measure	0.89	—	Unverified
9	SINet-V2	S-Measure	0.88	—	Unverified
10	PFNet	S-Measure	0.87	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	FOCUS	S-Measure	0.91	—	Unverified
2	BiRefNet	S-Measure	0.9	—	Unverified
3	ZoomNeXt-PVTv2-B5	S-Measure	0.89	—	Unverified
4	ZoomNeXt-PVTv2-B4	S-Measure	0.89	—	Unverified
5	EVPv2	S-Measure	0.85	—	Unverified
6	EVPv1	S-Measure	0.85	—	Unverified
7	ZoomNeXt-ResNet-50	S-Measure	0.83	—	Unverified
8	SAMFusion	Weighted F-Measure	0.83	—	Unverified
9	SINet-V2	S-Measure	0.82	—	Unverified
10	MirrorNet-ResNeXt152	S-Measure	0.79	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	BiRefNet	S-Measure	0.91	—	Unverified
2	FOCUS	S-Measure	0.91	—	Unverified
3	ZoomNeXt-PVTv2-B4	S-Measure	0.9	—	Unverified
4	ZoomNeXt-PVTv2-B5	S-Measure	0.9	—	Unverified
5	ZoomNeXt-ResNet-50	S-Measure	0.86	—	Unverified
6	EVPv2	S-Measure	0.84	—	Unverified
7	EVPv1	S-Measure	0.84	—	Unverified
8	SINet*	S-Measure	0.77	—	Unverified
9	CPD	S-Measure	0.75	—	Unverified
10	EGNet	S-Measure	0.74	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	BiRefNet	S-measure	0.93	—	Unverified
2	ZoomNeXt-PVTv2-B4	S-measure	0.93	—	Unverified
3	ZoomNeXt-PVTv2-B5	S-measure	0.92	—	Unverified
4	FOCUS	S-measure	0.92	—	Unverified
5	ZoomNeXt-ResNet-50	S-measure	0.91	—	Unverified
6	SINetV2-Res2Net-50	S-measure	0.89	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	FOCUS	S-measure	0.92	—	Unverified
2	BiRefNet	S-measure	0.91	—	Unverified
3	ZoomNeXt-PVTv2-B5	S-measure	0.9	—	Unverified
4	ZoomNeXt-PVTv2-B4	S-measure	0.9	—	Unverified
5	ZoomNeXt-ResNet-50	S-measure	0.87	—	Unverified
6	SINetV2-Res2Net-50	S-measure	0.85	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	ZS-VCOS	S-measure	0.78	—	Unverified
2	CamoSAM2	S-measure	0.77	—	Unverified
3	ZoomNeXt-PVTv2-B5	S-measure	0.73	—	Unverified
4	STL-Net-LT-PVTv2-B5	S-measure	0.63	—	Unverified

#	Model	Metric	Claimed	Verified	Status
1	ZoomNeXt-PVTv2-B5	S-measure	0.76	—	Unverified
2	STL-Net-LT-PVTv2-B5	S-measure	0.7	—	Unverified