Unifying Count-Based Exploration and Intrinsic Motivation
Marc G. Bellemare, Sriram Srinivasan, Georg Ostrovski, Tom Schaul, David Saxton, Remi Munos
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Abstract
We consider an agent's uncertainty about its environment and the problem of generalizing this uncertainty across observations. Specifically, we focus on the problem of exploration in non-tabular reinforcement learning. Drawing inspiration from the intrinsic motivation literature, we use density models to measure uncertainty, and propose a novel algorithm for deriving a pseudo-count from an arbitrary density model. This technique enables us to generalize count-based exploration algorithms to the non-tabular case. We apply our ideas to Atari 2600 games, providing sensible pseudo-counts from raw pixels. We transform these pseudo-counts into intrinsic rewards and obtain significantly improved exploration in a number of hard games, including the infamously difficult Montezuma's Revenge.
Tasks
Benchmark Results
| Dataset | Model | Metric | Claimed | Verified | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atari 2600 Freeway | A3C-CTS | Score | 30.48 | — | Unverified |
| Atari 2600 Gravitar | A3C-CTS | Score | 238.68 | — | Unverified |
| Atari 2600 Montezuma's Revenge | DDQN-PC | Score | 3,459 | — | Unverified |
| Atari 2600 Montezuma's Revenge | A3C-CTS | Score | 273.7 | — | Unverified |
| Atari 2600 Private Eye | A3C-CTS | Score | 99.32 | — | Unverified |
| Atari 2600 Venture | A3C-CTS | Score | 0 | — | Unverified |