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Rethinking Visual Geo-localization for Large-Scale Applications

2022-04-05CVPR 2022Code Available2· sign in to hype

Gabriele Berton, Carlo Masone, Barbara Caputo

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Abstract

Visual Geo-localization (VG) is the task of estimating the position where a given photo was taken by comparing it with a large database of images of known locations. To investigate how existing techniques would perform on a real-world city-wide VG application, we build San Francisco eXtra Large, a new dataset covering a whole city and providing a wide range of challenging cases, with a size 30x bigger than the previous largest dataset for visual geo-localization. We find that current methods fail to scale to such large datasets, therefore we design a new highly scalable training technique, called CosPlace, which casts the training as a classification problem avoiding the expensive mining needed by the commonly used contrastive learning. We achieve state-of-the-art performance on a wide range of datasets and find that CosPlace is robust to heavy domain changes. Moreover, we show that, compared to the previous state-of-the-art, CosPlace requires roughly 80% less GPU memory at train time, and it achieves better results with 8x smaller descriptors, paving the way for city-wide real-world visual geo-localization. Dataset, code and trained models are available for research purposes at https://github.com/gmberton/CosPlace.

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Benchmark Results

DatasetModelMetricClaimedVerifiedStatus
17 PlacesCosPlaceRecall@161.08Unverified
Baidu MallCosPlaceRecall@141.62Unverified
Gardens PointCosPlaceRecall@174Unverified
HawkinsCosPlaceRecall@131.36Unverified
Laurel CavernsCosPlaceRecall@124.11Unverified
Mapillary valCosPlaceRecall@589.9Unverified
Mapillary valCosPlace (ResNet-101 2048-D)Recall@186.7Unverified
Mid-Atlantic RidgeCosPlaceRecall@120.79Unverified
MSLSCosPlaceRecall@179.6Unverified
Nardo-AirCosPlaceRecall@10Unverified
Nardo-Air RCosPlaceRecall@191.55Unverified
Oxford RobotCar DatasetCosPlaceRecall@191.1Unverified
Pittsburgh-250k-testCosPlaceRecall@191.5Unverified
Pittsburgh-30k-testCosPlace (ResNet-101 2048-D)Recall@190.4Unverified
Pittsburgh-30k-testCosPlaceRecall@190.45Unverified
SF-XL test v1CosPlaceRecall@164.7Unverified
SF-XL test v2CosPlaceRecall@183.4Unverified
St LuciaCosPlaceRecall@199.59Unverified
Tokyo247CosPlaceRecall@182.2Unverified
Tokyo247CosPlace (ResNet-101 2048-D)Recall@595.9Unverified
VP AirCosPlaceRecall@18.12Unverified

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