Plasticity-Enhanced Domain-Wall MTJ Neural Networks for Energy-Efficient Online Learning
Christopher H. Bennett, T. Patrick Xiao, Can Cui, Naimul Hassan, Otitoaleke G. Akinola, Jean Anne C. Incorvia, Alvaro Velasquez, Joseph S. Friedman, Matthew J. Marinella
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Machine learning implements backpropagation via abundant training samples. We demonstrate a multi-stage learning system realized by a promising non-volatile memory device, the domain-wall magnetic tunnel junction (DW-MTJ). The system consists of unsupervised (clustering) as well as supervised sub-systems, and generalizes quickly (with few samples). We demonstrate interactions between physical properties of this device and optimal implementation of neuroscience-inspired plasticity learning rules, and highlight performance on a suite of tasks. Our energy analysis confirms the value of the approach, as the learning budget stays below 20 J even for large tasks used typically in machine learning.