Detecting p-hacking

Code

• github.com/nvkudrin/Detecting-p-hacking-Code
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Abstract

We theoretically analyze the problem of testing for p-hacking based on distributions of p-values across multiple studies. We provide general results for when such distributions have testable restrictions (are non-increasing) under the null of no p-hacking. We find novel additional testable restrictions for p-values based on t-tests. Specifically, the shape of the power functions results in both complete monotonicity as well as bounds on the distribution of p-values. These testable restrictions result in more powerful tests for the null hypothesis of no p-hacking. When there is also publication bias, our tests are joint tests for p-hacking and publication bias. A reanalysis of two prominent datasets shows the usefulness of our new tests.

Reproductions