An Empirical Analysis for Zero-Shot Multi-Label Classification on COVID-19 CT Scans and Uncurated Reports
Ethan Dack, Lorenzo Brigato, Matthew McMurray, Matthias Fontanellaz, Thomas Frauenfelder, Hanno Hoppe, Aristomenis Exadaktylos, Thomas Geiser, Manuela Funke-Chambour, Andreas Christe, Lukas Ebner, Stavroula Mougiakakou
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The pandemic resulted in vast repositories of unstructured data, including radiology reports, due to increased medical examinations. Previous research on automated diagnosis of COVID-19 primarily focuses on X-ray images, despite their lower precision compared to computed tomography (CT) scans. In this work, we leverage unstructured data from a hospital and harness the fine-grained details offered by CT scans to perform zero-shot multi-label classification based on contrastive visual language learning. In collaboration with human experts, we investigate the effectiveness of multiple zero-shot models that aid radiologists in detecting pulmonary embolisms and identifying intricate lung details like ground glass opacities and consolidations. Our empirical analysis provides an overview of the possible solutions to target such fine-grained tasks, so far overlooked in the medical multimodal pretraining literature. Our investigation promises future advancements in the medical image analysis community by addressing some challenges associated with unstructured data and fine-grained multi-label classification.