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Causal identification with Y_0

2025-08-05Code Available0· sign in to hype

Charles Tapley Hoyt, Craig Bakker, Richard J. Callahan, Joseph Cottam, August George, Benjamin M. Gyori, Haley M. Hummel, Nathaniel Merrill, Sara Mohammad Taheri, Pruthvi Prakash Navada, Marc-Antoine Parent, Adam Rupe, Olga Vitek, Jeremy Zucker

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Abstract

We present the Y_0 Python package, which implements causal identification algorithms that apply interventional, counterfactual, and transportability queries to data from (randomized) controlled trials, observational studies, or mixtures thereof. Y_0 focuses on the qualitative investigation of causation, helping researchers determine whether a causal relationship can be estimated from available data before attempting to estimate how strong that relationship is. Furthermore, Y_0 provides guidance on how to transform the causal query into a symbolic estimand that can be non-parametrically estimated from the available data. Y_0 provides a domain-specific language for representing causal queries and estimands as symbolic probabilistic expressions, tools for representing causal graphical models with unobserved confounders, such as acyclic directed mixed graphs (ADMGs), and implementations of numerous identification algorithms from the recent causal inference literature. The Y_0 source code can be found under the MIT License at https://github.com/y0-causal-inference/y0 and it can be installed with pip install y0.

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